{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7167246731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109","title":"Nutrient\u2010Driven Expansion of Reef Fish Habitat Suitability in Indonesian Waters: A 24\u2010Year Analysis Reveals Iron and Phosphate as Dominant Drivers","display_name":"Nutrient\u2010Driven Expansion of Reef Fish Habitat Suitability in Indonesian Waters: A 24\u2010Year Analysis Reveals Iron and Phosphate as Dominant Drivers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7167246731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/maec.70109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170816358","display_name":"Marine Ecology","issn_l":"0173-9565","issn":["0173-9565","1439-0485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marine Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008712300","display_name":"Muhammad Arif Nasution","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-3368","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-3368"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109760","display_name":"Universitas Teuku Umar","ror":"https://ror.org/01nm4t960","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Arif Nasution","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","Laboratory of Aquatic Environment Productivity, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-3368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Aquatic Environment Productivity, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119593303","display_name":"Rika Astuti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109760","display_name":"Universitas Teuku Umar","ror":"https://ror.org/01nm4t960","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rika Astuti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062488896","display_name":"Rudi Hermi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4527-8239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4527-8239"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109760","display_name":"Universitas Teuku Umar","ror":"https://ror.org/01nm4t960","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rudi Hermi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111261569","display_name":"Fazril Saputra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-1121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-1121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109760","display_name":"Universitas Teuku Umar","ror":"https://ror.org/01nm4t960","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazril Saputra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar  Aceh Barat Aceh Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109760"],"apc_list":{"value":3560,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3560},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10341","display_name":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","score":0.8755000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10341","display_name":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","score":0.8755000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.05609999969601631,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10230","display_name":"Marine and fisheries research","score":0.028200000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reef-fish","display_name":"reef fish","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-suitability","display_name":"habitat suitability","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-enrichment","display_name":"nutrient enrichment","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-iron","display_name":"dissolved iron","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphate","display_name":"phosphate","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suspended-particulate-matter","display_name":"suspended particulate matter","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"water quality","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesian-waters","display_name":"Indonesian waters","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coral-reef-conservation","display_name":"coral reef conservation","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxent","display_name":"MaxEnt","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biogeochemical-gradients","display_name":"biogeochemical gradients","score":0.6209999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109505311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229803","display_name":"Population dynamics of fisheries","level":3,"score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4853000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4553000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.42250001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144492951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12216807","display_name":"Coral reef fish","level":3,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77044568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184358","display_name":"Reef","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150547873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947851","display_name":"Watershed","level":2,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83042747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q686881","display_name":"Benthic zone","level":2,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71915725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846303","display_name":"Biogeochemical cycle","level":2,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136996986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42967","display_name":"Monsoon","level":2,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122846477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395805","display_name":"Water column","level":2,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117773394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852569","display_name":"Fish migration","level":3,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151152651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304561","display_name":"Marine ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46685645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890135","display_name":"Freshwater ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164958353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1847935","display_name":"Fish measurement","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42088612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3229532","display_name":"Lake ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79367842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11292","display_name":"Coral reef","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/maec.70109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170816358","display_name":"Marine Ecology","issn_l":"0173-9565","issn":["0173-9565","1439-0485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marine Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.9090999960899353},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1188670717","https://openalex.org/W1552647955","https://openalex.org/W1568201516","https://openalex.org/W1678304393","https://openalex.org/W1966270573","https://openalex.org/W1966811787","https://openalex.org/W1969126720","https://openalex.org/W1974182285","https://openalex.org/W1980193681","https://openalex.org/W1990748933","https://openalex.org/W1998025025","https://openalex.org/W2007049610","https://openalex.org/W2018291779","https://openalex.org/W2020778197","https://openalex.org/W2024743611","https://openalex.org/W2033686454","https://openalex.org/W2036677156","https://openalex.org/W2039956699","https://openalex.org/W2046577517","https://openalex.org/W2051907680","https://openalex.org/W2055764609","https://openalex.org/W2070230220","https://openalex.org/W2075191094","https://openalex.org/W2082455532","https://openalex.org/W2083593249","https://openalex.org/W2090898773","https://openalex.org/W2098827790","https://openalex.org/W2107695795","https://openalex.org/W2108419141","https://openalex.org/W2111347924","https://openalex.org/W2111796869","https://openalex.org/W2112315008","https://openalex.org/W2119202692","https://openalex.org/W2139416101","https://openalex.org/W2152593349","https://openalex.org/W2153905523","https://openalex.org/W2154655533","https://openalex.org/W2157641482","https://openalex.org/W2162999102","https://openalex.org/W2163614163","https://openalex.org/W2164337693","https://openalex.org/W2165806421","https://openalex.org/W2172138805","https://openalex.org/W2334146706","https://openalex.org/W2582015271","https://openalex.org/W2596630349","https://openalex.org/W2598320237","https://openalex.org/W2600667924","https://openalex.org/W2781567654","https://openalex.org/W2782456798","https://openalex.org/W2800776488","https://openalex.org/W2807854708","https://openalex.org/W2901785862","https://openalex.org/W2903334596","https://openalex.org/W2908854371","https://openalex.org/W2914721251","https://openalex.org/W2938607243","https://openalex.org/W2940258879","https://openalex.org/W2943511705","https://openalex.org/W2945449790","https://openalex.org/W2948856774","https://openalex.org/W2965616808","https://openalex.org/W2988652345","https://openalex.org/W3014831396","https://openalex.org/W3128327004","https://openalex.org/W3148599020","https://openalex.org/W3162291118","https://openalex.org/W3179435658","https://openalex.org/W3181408974","https://openalex.org/W3201703223","https://openalex.org/W3207130512","https://openalex.org/W3208551640","https://openalex.org/W4280616694","https://openalex.org/W4293722999","https://openalex.org/W4308347793","https://openalex.org/W4318066359","https://openalex.org/W4382238930","https://openalex.org/W4385721194","https://openalex.org/W4386408742","https://openalex.org/W4387298288","https://openalex.org/W4389497169","https://openalex.org/W4402558602","https://openalex.org/W4402715409","https://openalex.org/W4406148371","https://openalex.org/W4411589574","https://openalex.org/W4412137131","https://openalex.org/W4414873601","https://openalex.org/W7080403555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7128306985","https://openalex.org/W3043468734","https://openalex.org/W7170902579","https://openalex.org/W7171301499","https://openalex.org/W4391547314","https://openalex.org/W4390203872","https://openalex.org/W2989897569","https://openalex.org/W1188670717","https://openalex.org/W2946218447","https://openalex.org/W4318066359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Understanding":[1],"the":[2,85,129,141,222],"environmental":[3,208],"factors":[4],"associated":[5,172],"with":[6,61,114,173],"reef\u2010associated":[7,43,164],"fish":[8,44,165,244],"habitat":[9,40,135,238],"suitability":[10,41,166,239],"is":[11,170],"important":[12],"for":[13,42,84],"conservation":[14,245],"planning":[15],"in":[16,38,144,167,194,206,246],"tropical":[17],"archipelagic":[18],"systems,":[19],"where":[20],"temperature,":[21],"nutrient":[22],"dynamics,":[23],"productivity,":[24,101],"and":[25,31,57,78,105,125,176,196,232],"water":[26],"quality":[27],"interact":[28],"across":[29,45],"space":[30],"time.":[32],"This":[33],"study":[34],"examined":[35],"temporal":[36,185],"changes":[37,205],"predicted":[39],"Indonesian":[46,168,247],"waters":[47,169],"from":[48,120,188],"2000":[49],"to":[50,65,122,190,241],"2023.":[51],"Occurrence":[52],"records":[53],"were":[54,91,128],"spatially":[55],"thinned":[56],"modeled":[58],"using":[59,93,236],"MaxEnt":[60],"target\u2010group":[62],"background":[63],"selection":[64],"reduce":[66],"sampling":[67],"bias.":[68],"Model":[69,109],"calibration":[70],"was":[71,82,111,140],"performed":[72],"by":[73,153],"comparing":[74],"regularization":[75],"multiplier":[76],"values,":[77],"RM":[79],"=":[80],"2":[81],"selected":[83],"final":[86],"models.":[87],"Four":[88],"six\u2010year":[89],"periods":[90],"analyzed":[92],"satellite\u2010derived":[94],"oceanographic":[95],"predictors":[96,132],"representing":[97],"thermal":[98],"conditions,":[99],"nutrients,":[100],"salinity,":[102],"dissolved":[103,147],"oxygen,":[104],"suspended":[106],"particulate":[107,138],"matter.":[108],"performance":[110],"consistently":[112],"good,":[113],"mean":[115],"test":[116],"AUC":[117],"values":[118],"ranging":[119],"0.841":[121],"0.900.":[123],"Nutrient\u2010related":[124],"water\u2010quality":[126,177,226],"variables":[127,156],"most":[130],"influential":[131],"of":[133,213,224],"relative":[134,207],"suitability.":[136],"Suspended":[137],"matter":[139],"strongest":[142],"contributor":[143],"T1,":[145],"whereas":[146],"iron":[148],"dominated":[149],"during":[150],"T2\u2013T4,":[151],"followed":[152],"phosphate.":[154],"Temperature":[155],"contributed":[157],"less":[158],"than":[159],"nutrient\u2010related":[160],"predictors,":[161],"suggesting":[162],"that":[163],"strongly":[171],"regional":[174],"biogeochemical":[175],"gradients.":[178],"Predicted":[179],"suitable":[180],"area":[181],"showed":[182],"a":[183],"non\u2010linear":[184],"pattern,":[186],"declining":[187],"T1":[189],"T2":[191],"before":[192],"increasing":[193],"T3":[195],"T4.":[197],"However,":[198],"these":[199],"patterns":[200],"should":[201],"be":[202],"interpreted":[203],"as":[204],"suitability,":[209],"not":[210],"direct":[211],"evidence":[212],"population":[214],"recovery":[215],"or":[216],"ecosystem":[217],"resilience.":[218],"These":[219],"findings":[220],"highlight":[221],"importance":[223],"integrating":[225],"management,":[227],"watershed":[228],"control,":[229],"reef":[230,243],"monitoring,":[231],"field":[233],"validation":[234],"when":[235],"broad\u2010scale":[237],"models":[240],"inform":[242],"waters.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-07-04T00:00:00"}
