{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166803288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","title":"Generative-to-Discriminative Test-Time Adaptation via Manifold-Aware Diffusion and Bayesian Distillation","display_name":"Generative-to-Discriminative Test-Time Adaptation via Manifold-Aware Diffusion and Bayesian Distillation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166803288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.350.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605144","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL (Findings of ACL)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.350.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047372073","display_name":"Boyun Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139745323","display_name":"Zequn Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5021-7565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5021-7565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zequn Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139734219","display_name":"Fangming Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0814-1698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0814-1698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangming Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139761425","display_name":"Zihan Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139838184","display_name":"Yongbo He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongbo He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139777454","display_name":"Chuxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0121-6436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0121-6436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013362450","display_name":"Sihang Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8693-7142","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8693-7142"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihang Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139816329","display_name":"Tao Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-1628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-1628"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139847192","display_name":"Qifei Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qifei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43795467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7052","last_page":"7062"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.5181000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.5181000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.4587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.007799999788403511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-time-adaptation","display_name":"test-time adaptation","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-sentiment-analysis","display_name":"multimodal sentiment analysis","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-shift","display_name":"domain shift","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-diffusion-models","display_name":"generative diffusion models","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-distribution-robustness","display_name":"out-of-distribution robustness","score":0.8679999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5156000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47189998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.350.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605144","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL (Findings of ACL)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.findings-acl.350","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.350.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605144","display_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL (Findings of ACL)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166803288.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166803288.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409364503","https://openalex.org/W7138055670","https://openalex.org/W7133186028","https://openalex.org/W4412073221","https://openalex.org/W7126039782","https://openalex.org/W4285149549","https://openalex.org/W4413144478","https://openalex.org/W4361294466","https://openalex.org/W7164485391","https://openalex.org/W7138337320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multimodal":[0],"Sentiment":[1],"Analysis":[2],"(MSA)":[3],"models":[4,34,62],"typically":[5],"suffer":[6],"significant":[7],"performance":[8],"degradation":[9],"under":[10],"domain":[11],"shifts.While":[12],"Test-Time":[13],"Adaptation":[14],"(TTA)":[15],"aims":[16],"to":[17,25,83,113],"mitigate":[18],"this,":[19],"existing":[20],"discriminative":[21,67],"approaches":[22],"often":[23],"succumb":[24],"\"confident":[26],"but":[27,38],"wrong\"":[28],"predictions":[29],"on":[30,98],"out-of-distribution":[31],"samples.Conversely,":[32],"generative":[33,60],"offer":[35],"robust":[36],"calibration":[37],"incur":[39],"prohibitive":[40],"computational":[41],"costs.To":[42],"bridge":[43],"this":[44],"gap,":[45],"we":[46,75,132],"propose":[47],"GD-Adapt":[48,105],"(Generative-Discriminative":[49],"Adaptation),":[50],"a":[51],"novel":[52],"TTA":[53],"framework":[54],"that":[55],"harmonizes":[56],"the":[57,64,99,138],"robustness":[58],"of":[59,66],"diffusion":[61],"with":[63],"efficiency":[65],"regression":[68],"networks":[69],"via":[70],"Bayesian":[71],"Diffusion":[72],"Distillation":[73],"(BDD).Specifically,":[74],"introduce":[76],"Auxiliary":[77],"Generative":[78],"Regularization":[79],"(AGR)":[80],"during":[81],"pretraining":[82],"enforce":[84],"manifold-aware":[85],"feature":[86],"learning.Extensive":[87],"experiments":[88],"across":[89],"five":[90],"cross-domain":[91],"scenarios":[92,126],"demonstrate":[93],"our":[94],"method's":[95],"superiority.For":[96],"instance,":[97],"challenging":[100],"MOSI":[101],"\u2192":[102,130],"SIMS":[103,129],"shift,":[104],"reduces":[106],"Mean":[107],"Absolute":[108],"Error":[109],"(MAE)":[110],"from":[111],"0.6872":[112],"0.5673":[114],"and":[115],"boosts":[116],"binary":[117],"accuracy":[118],"by":[119],"5.81":[120],"percentage":[121],"points":[122],"(reaching":[123],"57.33%).Notably,":[124],"in":[125],"such":[127],"as":[128],"MOSI,":[131],"achieve":[133],"an":[134],"11.18-point":[135],"gain":[136],"over":[137],"nonadapted":[139],"baseline.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-07-02T00:00:00"}