{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166757474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","title":"Lessons From Astaxanthin Therapy to Combat Oral Premalignant and Malignant Lesions: A Narrative Review","display_name":"Lessons From Astaxanthin Therapy to Combat Oral Premalignant and Malignant Lesions: A Narrative Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166757474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42382501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/hsr2.72712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188016","display_name":"Health Science Reports","issn_l":"2398-8835","issn":["2398-8835"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Science Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053968558","display_name":"Reza Arefnezhad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-9997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-9997"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194604659","display_name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161235","display_name":"Fasa University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05bh0zx16","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Arefnezhad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Student Research Committee Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran","Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115067693","display_name":"Zhina Mohamadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6862-0379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6862-0379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39642139","display_name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05vspf741","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39642139"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhina Mohamadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39642139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139690451","display_name":"Shervin Shahianjahromi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194604659","display_name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shervin Shahianjahromi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Registered Dental Hygienist Vancouver British Columbia Canada","Shiraz Dental School Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Registered Dental Hygienist Vancouver British Columbia Canada","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shiraz Dental School Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116087586","display_name":"Amirali Fallahian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094544","display_name":"Rasool Akram Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00kh76710","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094544"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amirali Fallahian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909","https://openalex.org/I4210094544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Maryam Ashrafi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41775361","display_name":"Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/03a11m818","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I41775361"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Ashrafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41775361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117634264","display_name":"Armin Nikdehqan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armin Nikdehqan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139642215","display_name":"Mitra Saeedi Valashani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitra Saeedi Valashani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Larestan University of Medical Sciences Larestan Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Larestan University of Medical Sciences Larestan Iran","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139710803","display_name":"Reza Nasiri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194604659","display_name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Nasiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042126336","display_name":"Fatemeh Zeinali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6973-7027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6973-7027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Zeinali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081219385","display_name":"Hossein Fatemian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5239-1582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5239-1582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194604659","display_name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Fatemian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194604659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011503387","display_name":"Niloofar Sefati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133903919","display_name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133903919"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niloofar Sefati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133903919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068777466","display_name":"Fatemeh Rezaei\u2010Tazangi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-6482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-6482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161235","display_name":"Fasa University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05bh0zx16","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Rezaei\u2010Tazangi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-6482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055855213","display_name":"Marziye Ranjbar Tavakoli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235686326","display_name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxbqc24","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marziye Ranjbar Tavakoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"apc_paid":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42460317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"e72712","last_page":"e72712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.6621000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.6621000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10307","display_name":"Head and Neck Cancer Studies","score":0.2506999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.032099999487400055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astaxanthin","display_name":"astaxanthin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-cancer","display_name":"oral cancer","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-premalignant-lesions","display_name":"oral potentially malignant disorders","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malignant-oral-lesions","display_name":"malignant oral lesions","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoids","display_name":"carotenoids","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-activity","display_name":"antioxidant activity","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-inflammatory-activity","display_name":"anti-inflammatory activity","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angiogenesis","display_name":"angiogenesis","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-suppressor-genes","display_name":"tumor suppressor","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticancer-activity","display_name":"anticancer activity","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-therapy","display_name":"adjunctive therapy","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-cancer-prevention","display_name":"oral cancer prevention","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8751999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780962900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413740","display_name":"Astaxanthin","level":3,"score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.550599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776530083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783924","display_name":"Head and neck cancer","level":3,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140608501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318358","display_name":"Review article","level":2,"score":0.4023999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018411727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3867488","display_name":"Head and neck","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780234812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787013","display_name":"Cancer prevention","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983331546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer therapy","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019816032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2575340","display_name":"Cancer treatment","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/hsr2.72712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188016","display_name":"Health Science Reports","issn_l":"2398-8835","issn":["2398-8835"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Science Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42382501","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42382501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health science reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13316960","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13316960/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13316960/pdf/HSR2-9-e72712.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Health Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8ee6033c52a54b9f821f3b8741cc2baf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8ee6033c52a54b9f821f3b8741cc2baf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Health Science Reports, Vol 9, Iss 7, Pp n/a-n/a (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/hsr2.72712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.72712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188016","display_name":"Health Science Reports","issn_l":"2398-8835","issn":["2398-8835"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Science Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8149367570877075}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1417310588","https://openalex.org/W1565527343","https://openalex.org/W1573844292","https://openalex.org/W1981049957","https://openalex.org/W1982099466","https://openalex.org/W2011156810","https://openalex.org/W2014144838","https://openalex.org/W2014384120","https://openalex.org/W2019846885","https://openalex.org/W2047627647","https://openalex.org/W2065863066","https://openalex.org/W2070583947","https://openalex.org/W2138786739","https://openalex.org/W2143882136","https://openalex.org/W2144537639","https://openalex.org/W2168365853","https://openalex.org/W2214156368","https://openalex.org/W2221759243","https://openalex.org/W2589588803","https://openalex.org/W2781754320","https://openalex.org/W2797507364","https://openalex.org/W2799290037","https://openalex.org/W2891670421","https://openalex.org/W2894746403","https://openalex.org/W2914049281","https://openalex.org/W2945516613","https://openalex.org/W2947034674","https://openalex.org/W2954185541","https://openalex.org/W2954924716","https://openalex.org/W2998637541","https://openalex.org/W3006640814","https://openalex.org/W3007597301","https://openalex.org/W3020002537","https://openalex.org/W3032947242","https://openalex.org/W3046099788","https://openalex.org/W3047761937","https://openalex.org/W3092164909","https://openalex.org/W3121659153","https://openalex.org/W3158394864","https://openalex.org/W3193204863","https://openalex.org/W3198410863","https://openalex.org/W3208615867","https://openalex.org/W4200152981","https://openalex.org/W4200529674","https://openalex.org/W4220684726","https://openalex.org/W4224226815","https://openalex.org/W4224275733","https://openalex.org/W4224926229","https://openalex.org/W4285744155","https://openalex.org/W4291221951","https://openalex.org/W4293415068","https://openalex.org/W4295102782","https://openalex.org/W4295290192","https://openalex.org/W4298130474","https://openalex.org/W4306181328","https://openalex.org/W4313575808","https://openalex.org/W4323666224","https://openalex.org/W4361011173","https://openalex.org/W4378516536","https://openalex.org/W4380322544","https://openalex.org/W4380871864","https://openalex.org/W4384700676","https://openalex.org/W4385557027","https://openalex.org/W4386019804","https://openalex.org/W4388041867","https://openalex.org/W4389452834","https://openalex.org/W4389831745","https://openalex.org/W4389892107","https://openalex.org/W4391113105","https://openalex.org/W4391291050","https://openalex.org/W4391716655","https://openalex.org/W4393144519","https://openalex.org/W4394063237","https://openalex.org/W4394621388","https://openalex.org/W4396804844","https://openalex.org/W4396939847","https://openalex.org/W4399436097","https://openalex.org/W4400123559","https://openalex.org/W4400191345","https://openalex.org/W4400300456","https://openalex.org/W4400905476","https://openalex.org/W4401214900","https://openalex.org/W4401483973","https://openalex.org/W4402373464","https://openalex.org/W4402737758","https://openalex.org/W4403998099","https://openalex.org/W4405201214","https://openalex.org/W4405283405","https://openalex.org/W4405383892","https://openalex.org/W4406897836","https://openalex.org/W4407583867","https://openalex.org/W4408692342","https://openalex.org/W4410836253","https://openalex.org/W4412378856","https://openalex.org/W4413106871","https://openalex.org/W4413396043","https://openalex.org/W4416210675","https://openalex.org/W4416211790"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"and":[1,12,15,22,30,59,72,83,90,106,128,138,149],"Aims:":[2],"Oral":[3],"cancer":[4,112,126],"is":[5,33],"one":[6],"of":[7,55],"the":[8],"most":[9,131],"common":[10],"head":[11],"neck":[13],"malignancies":[14],"remains":[16],"associated":[17],"with":[18,41],"high":[19],"morbidity,":[20],"mortality,":[21],"treatment-related":[23],"toxicity.":[24],"Despite":[25],"advances":[26],"in":[27,110],"surgery,":[28],"radiotherapy,":[29],"chemotherapy,":[31],"there":[32],"still":[34],"a":[35,47,120],"need":[36],"for":[37,124],"safer":[38],"adjunctive":[39],"therapies":[40],"better":[42],"therapeutic":[43],"potential.":[44],"Results:":[45],"Astaxanthin,":[46],"natural":[48,122],"lipophilic":[49],"carotenoid,":[50],"has":[51],"gained":[52],"attention":[53],"because":[54],"its":[56,147],"antioxidant,":[57],"anti-inflammatory,":[58],"anticancer":[60],"activities.":[61],"The":[62],"available":[63],"evidence":[64],"suggests":[65],"that":[66,99],"astaxanthin":[67,116],"may":[68,102],"suppress":[69],"oral":[70,111,125],"premalignant":[71],"malignant":[73],"progression":[74],"by":[75],"inhibiting":[76],"inflammation,":[77],"oxidative":[78],"stress,":[79],"proliferation,":[80],"invasion,":[81],"angiogenesis,":[82],"survival":[84],"signaling":[85],"pathways,":[86],"while":[87],"promoting":[88],"apoptosis":[89],"reactivating":[91],"tumor":[92],"suppressor":[93],"mechanisms.":[94],"Preclinical":[95],"studies":[96],"also":[97],"indicate":[98],"astaxanthin-based":[100],"formulations":[101],"improve":[103],"delivery":[104],"efficiency":[105],"enhance":[107],"antitumor":[108],"effects":[109],"models.":[113],"Conclusion:":[114],"Overall,":[115],"appears":[117],"to":[118,145],"be":[119],"promising":[121],"candidate":[123],"prevention":[127],"treatment.":[129],"However,":[130],"findings":[132],"are":[133,143],"based":[134],"on":[135],"preclinical":[136],"studies,":[137],"further":[139],"well-designed":[140],"clinical":[141],"investigations":[142],"required":[144],"confirm":[146],"efficacy":[148],"safety.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-07-01T00:00:00"}