{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166707707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","title":"Effectiveness of IV Ketamine Therapy in the Management of Treatment Resistant Depression","display_name":"Effectiveness of IV Ketamine Therapy in the Management of Treatment Resistant Depression","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166707707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13329354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/47CD5F8F9E9EE4190D6A9B56B505FF58/S2056472426118559a.pdf/div-class-title-effectiveness-of-iv-ketamine-therapy-in-the-management-of-treatment-resistant-depression-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764831659","display_name":"BJPsych Open","issn_l":"2056-4724","issn":["2056-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJPsych Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/47CD5F8F9E9EE4190D6A9B56B505FF58/S2056472426118559a.pdf/div-class-title-effectiveness-of-iv-ketamine-therapy-in-the-management-of-treatment-resistant-depression-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111650205","display_name":"Imtiaz Ahmad Dogar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-5991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-5991"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imtiaz Ahmad Dogar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118455498","display_name":"Palvisha Sajid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Palvisha Sajid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021786863","display_name":"Duaa Fatima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0416-2991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0416-2991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801504200","display_name":"Allied Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02rsn0x61","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801504200"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dua Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["DHQ/Allied Hospitals, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DHQ/Allied Hospitals, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801504200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045600600","display_name":"Sammar Fatima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sammar Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139712776","display_name":"Fatima Tuz Zahra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatima Tuz Zahra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"S1","first_page":"S395","last_page":"S396"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11921","display_name":"Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravenous-ketamine","display_name":"intravenous ketamine","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-resistant-depression","display_name":"treatment-resistant depression","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-antidepressant-response","display_name":"rapid antidepressant response","score":0.7689999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780795376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243547","display_name":"Ketamine","level":2,"score":0.8726000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778375690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7814214","display_name":"Tolerability","level":3,"score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777342061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836891","display_name":"Treatment-resistant depression","level":4,"score":0.6039000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.48989999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909081213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243547","display_name":"Ketamine hydrochloride","level":3,"score":0.3458000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779352459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031679","display_name":"Infusion therapy","level":2,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776970089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27913684","display_name":"Ethics committee","level":2,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777330709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131543","display_name":"Electroconvulsive therapy","level":3,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502991105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133849","display_name":"Clinical research","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475557","display_name":"Patient safety","level":3,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992053201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2585693","display_name":"Clinical efficacy","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778807096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900394","display_name":"Dissociative","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/47CD5F8F9E9EE4190D6A9B56B505FF58/S2056472426118559a.pdf/div-class-title-effectiveness-of-iv-ketamine-therapy-in-the-management-of-treatment-resistant-depression-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764831659","display_name":"BJPsych Open","issn_l":"2056-4724","issn":["2056-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJPsych Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13329354","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13329354/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJPsych Open","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11855","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/47CD5F8F9E9EE4190D6A9B56B505FF58/S2056472426118559a.pdf/div-class-title-effectiveness-of-iv-ketamine-therapy-in-the-management-of-treatment-resistant-depression-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764831659","display_name":"BJPsych Open","issn_l":"2056-4724","issn":["2056-4724"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJPsych Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166707707.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166707707.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396800342","https://openalex.org/W4398225485","https://openalex.org/W2034151179","https://openalex.org/W2006017160","https://openalex.org/W2123488676","https://openalex.org/W7106220211","https://openalex.org/W2895197076","https://openalex.org/W4317033120","https://openalex.org/W4396621441","https://openalex.org/W4366124348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aims:":[0],"In":[1],"the":[2,20,54,63,82,299,334],"light":[3],"of":[4,25,62,67,85,90,102,128,151,162,181,267,293,329,349],"limited":[5],"relevant":[6],"local":[7],"literature,":[8],"we":[9],"planned":[10],"our":[11,31,42,71],"research":[12,49,75],"to":[13,19,37,194,276,370,391],"build":[14],"a":[15,57,95,273,288,310,341],"scientific":[16],"database":[17],"related":[18],"immediate":[21],"and":[22,65,138,178,187,231,316,355,385,395],"sustained":[23],"effects":[24],"this":[26],"innovative":[27],"treatment":[28,254,258],"modality":[29],"at":[30,244,309,352],"tertiary":[32],"care":[33,147],"hospital,":[34],"in":[35,41,50,59,70,88,100,159,166,201,241,295,319,344,374],"order":[36],"start":[38],"ketamine":[39,68,86,153,156,277,294,308,365],"clinic":[40],"department":[43,101],".":[44,197,206,215],"We":[45],"didn\u2019t":[46,283],"find":[47],"any":[48],"Faisalabad,":[51,110],"Pakistan":[52],"on":[53],"subject,":[55],"ensuring":[56],"more":[58],"depth":[60],"understanding":[61],"tolerability":[64],"acceptability":[66],"therapy":[69,87,262],"patient":[72],"population.":[73],"The":[74,119,131,326],"findings":[76,394],"will":[77,388],"provide":[78],"an":[79,175,182],"insight":[80],"into":[81],"effective":[83],"use":[84],"cases":[89],"TRD":[91,297,375],"Methods:":[92],"It":[93],"was":[94,157,190,199,251],"non":[96],"randomized":[97],"trial":[98],"held":[99],"psychiatry":[103],"DHQ/":[104],"Allied":[105],"Hospitals":[106],"Faisalabad":[107],"Medical":[108],"University,":[109],"Pakistan.":[111],"Sample":[112],"size":[113],":":[114],"30":[115,268],"(":[116],"purposive":[117],"sampling)":[118],"study":[120,304],"started":[121],"after":[122,174,225,235,247],"approval":[123],"from":[124],"ethical":[125],"review":[126],"committee":[127],"FMU,":[129],"Faisalabad.":[130],"patients":[132,143,281,323],"fulfilling":[133],"inclusion":[134],"criteria":[135],"were":[136,210,217],"enrolled":[137],"informed":[139],"consent":[140],"taken.":[141],"All":[142],"received":[144],"detailed":[145],"informational":[146],"session":[148],"about":[149],"nature":[150],"IV":[152,155,260,307,364],"therapy.":[154],"given":[158],"subanesthetic":[160],"dose":[161,250,313],"0.5mg/kg":[163],"body":[164],"weight":[165],"100ml":[167],"normal":[168],"saline":[169],"infusion":[170,193],"over":[171,212],"60":[172],"minutes":[173],"overnight":[176],"fast":[177],"under":[179],"supervision":[180],"anesthetist.":[183],"Pulse,":[184],"Blood":[185],"pressure":[186],"oxygen":[188],"saturation":[189],"monitored":[191],"during":[192],"ensure":[195],"safety":[196],"Patient":[198],"kept":[200],"recovery":[202],"until":[203],"fully":[204],"conscious":[205],"8":[207,280],"Treatment":[208],"sessions":[209],"administered":[211],"4":[213],"weeks":[214,230,354],"Patients":[216],"assessed":[218],"using":[219],"Hamilton":[220],"Depression":[221],"Rating":[222],"Scale":[223],"(HAM-D)":[224],"each":[226],"dose,":[227],"then":[228],"2":[229],"finally":[232],"1":[233,245,248],"month":[234,357],"last":[236],"dose.":[237],"A":[238],"50%":[239],"reduction":[240],"HAM-D":[242],"scores":[243],"hour":[246],"st":[249],"considered":[252],"as":[253,340],"response.":[255],"Results:":[256],"Regarding":[257],"outcomes,":[259],"Ketamine":[261],"demonstrated":[263],"promising":[264],"results.":[265],"Out":[266],"patients,":[269],"22":[270],"(73.3%)":[271],"showed":[272],"positive":[274],"response":[275,327],"therapy,":[278],"whereas":[279],"(26.7%)":[282],"respond.":[284],"This":[285,303],"finding":[286],"indicates":[287],"relatively":[289],"high":[290],"efficacy":[291],"rate":[292,328],"managing":[296],"within":[298],"studied":[300],"group":[301],"Conclusion:":[302],"demonstrates":[305],"that":[306,362],"sub":[311],"anesthetic":[312],"produces":[314],"rapid":[315],"substantial":[317],"improvement":[318,351],"depressive":[320],"symptoms":[321],"among":[322],"with":[324,333,378],"TRD.":[325],"73.3%":[330],"is":[331],"consistent":[332],"global":[335],"data,":[336],"reinforcing":[337],"ketamine\u2019s":[338],"role":[339],"transformative":[342],"intervention":[343],"modern":[345],"psychiatric":[346],"care.The":[347],"persistence":[348],"symptom":[350],"two":[353],"one":[356],"follow":[358,383],"up":[359,384],"assessments":[360],"suggests":[361],"repeated":[363],"administration":[366],"may":[367],"offer":[368],"short":[369],"medium":[371],"term":[372],"benefits":[373],"Future":[376],"researches":[377],"larger":[379],"sample":[380],"size,":[381],"longer":[382],"controlled":[386],"designs":[387],"be":[389],"essential":[390],"validate":[392],"these":[393],"optimize":[396],"clinical":[397],"protocols":[398],"for":[399],"widespread":[400],"implementation":[401]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-07-01T00:00:00"}
