{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166555481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","title":"MONEY DEMAND AND LIQUIDITY INERTIA UNDER MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY THRESHOLDS IN G7 ECONOMIES: EVIDENCE FROM MACHINE LEARNING AND NONLINEAR DSGE ANALYSIS","display_name":"MONEY DEMAND AND LIQUIDITY INERTIA UNDER MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY THRESHOLDS IN G7 ECONOMIES: EVIDENCE FROM MACHINE LEARNING AND NONLINEAR DSGE ANALYSIS","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166555481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.21024383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764688253","display_name":"Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology","issn_l":"0493-2137","issn":["0493-2137"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800660","host_organization_name":"Tianjin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800660"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tianjin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065302842","display_name":"David Umoru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-299X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-299X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149225","display_name":"Edo State University Uzairue","ror":"https://ror.org/049ajby27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DAVID UMORU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Edo State University Uzairue Iyamho, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Iyamho  Edo State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-299X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Edo State University Uzairue Iyamho, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Iyamho  Edo State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067554218","display_name":"Isedu Mustafa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54231130","display_name":"Ambrose Alli University","ror":"https://ror.org/006pw7k84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54231130"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ISEDU MUSTAFA OKHOME","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Banking & Finance, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Banking & Finance, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54231130"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085398522","display_name":"Malachy Ashywel Ugbaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2236-6420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2236-6420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3970730","display_name":"University of Calabar","ror":"https://ror.org/05qderh61","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MALACHY ASHYWEL UGBAKA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Calabar, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2236-6420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Calabar, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106245280","display_name":"Beauty Igbinovia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6820-1110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6820-1110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149225","display_name":"Edo State University Uzairue","ror":"https://ror.org/049ajby27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BEAUTY IGBINOVIA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Edo State University Uzairue Iyamho, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6820-1110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Edo State University Uzairue Iyamho, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114705479","display_name":"Chinyere Helen Dede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0851-3909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0851-3909"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3970730","display_name":"University of Calabar","ror":"https://ror.org/05qderh61","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CHINYERE HELEN DEDE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Administration, University of Calabar, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0851-3909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Administration, University of Calabar, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029985017","display_name":"Willie Wilfred Okoi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3970730","display_name":"University of Calabar","ror":"https://ror.org/05qderh61","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WILLIE WILFRED OKOI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3187-5905","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115674132","display_name":"Emoabino Muhammed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1671-0056","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1671-0056"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149225","display_name":"Edo State University Uzairue","ror":"https://ror.org/049ajby27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"EMOABINO MUHAMMED","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Edo State University, Uzairue, Iyamho, Nigeria, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway,  Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1671-0056","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Edo State University, Uzairue, Iyamho, Nigeria, Km 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway,  Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4161208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/money-demand","display_name":"money demand","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-uncertainty","display_name":"macroeconomic uncertainty","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-uncertainty","display_name":"policy uncertainty","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-crises","display_name":"financial crisis","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precautionary-saving","display_name":"precautionary saving","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-smooth-transition-regression","display_name":"panel smooth transition regression","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-additive-regression-trees","display_name":"Bayesian additive regression trees","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taylor-rule","display_name":"Taylor rule","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-guidance","display_name":"forward guidance","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncovered-interest-parity","display_name":"uncovered interest parity","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rate-volatility","display_name":"exchange rate volatility","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-integration","display_name":"financial integration","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/g7-economies","display_name":"G7 economies","score":0.6700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.8464999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5817999839782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.5514000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183582576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184783","display_name":"Market liquidity","level":2,"score":0.5045999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91602232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756115","display_name":"Volatility (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C489367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962064","display_name":"Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium","level":3,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239395","display_name":"Precautionary savings","level":3,"score":0.41190001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175025494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179179","display_name":"Interest rate","level":2,"score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778300220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114380","display_name":"Financial crisis","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19244329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208697","display_name":"Financial market","level":2,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777242750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31351","display_name":"Slowdown","level":2,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89715816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915763","display_name":"Variance decomposition of forecast errors","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23952128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627543","display_name":"Money market","level":3,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103382277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282640","display_name":"General equilibrium theory","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777883944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7543547","display_name":"Small open economy","level":3,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842206","display_name":"Money supply","level":3,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189259953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042259","display_name":"Liquidity risk","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202632270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7798106","display_name":"Threshold model","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203379541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801078","display_name":"Aggregate demand","level":3,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11693","display_name":"Bond","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85393063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q596307","display_name":"Stochastic volatility","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524878704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187021","display_name":"Fiscal policy","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.21024383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764688253","display_name":"Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology","issn_l":"0493-2137","issn":["0493-2137"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800660","host_organization_name":"Tianjin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800660"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tianjin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.21024384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764688253","display_name":"Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology","issn_l":"0493-2137","issn":["0493-2137"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800660","host_organization_name":"Tianjin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800660"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tianjin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.21024383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21024383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764688253","display_name":"Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology","issn_l":"0493-2137","issn":["0493-2137"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800660","host_organization_name":"Tianjin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800660"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tianjin University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390569903","https://openalex.org/W2904479087","https://openalex.org/W7021055704","https://openalex.org/W3004928296","https://openalex.org/W2012765694","https://openalex.org/W2163080455","https://openalex.org/W2998203431","https://openalex.org/W4407625137","https://openalex.org/W7096823249","https://openalex.org/W4402290825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,80,233],"standard":[2,97,189,238],"linear":[3,261],"monetary":[4,190,327],"frameworks":[5],"systematically":[6],"miss":[7],"the":[8,28,31,36,45,56,85,126,137,161,168,172,178,188,254,277,299,307,316,345],"asymmetric":[9],"changes":[10],"in":[11,15,35,71,125,167,174,177,230],"aggregate":[12],"liquidity":[13,131,285],"preferences":[14],"times":[16],"of":[17,21,88,121,139,279,309,324],"great":[18],"macroeconomic":[19,81],"stress":[20],"uncertainty.":[22],"To":[23],"address":[24],"this":[25,101,155,231],"structural":[26],"shortcoming,":[27],"study":[29],"examines":[30],"demand":[32,176],"for":[33,135,276],"money":[34,175,301],"G7":[37],"economies":[38],"(2000-2025)":[39],"based":[40],"on":[41,253],"a":[42,118,129,208,291],"new":[43],"dual-framework:":[44],"Machine":[46],"Learning-Cross-Sectionally":[47],"Augmented":[48],"Panel":[49],"Smooth":[50],"Transition":[51],"Regression":[52,77],"(ML-CS-PSTR)":[53],"model":[54],"and":[55,92,133,181,202,216,222,268,272,326,334],"third-order":[57],"perturbed":[58],"non-linear":[59,147],"Dynamic":[60],"Stochastic":[61],"General":[62],"Equilibrium":[63],"(DSGE)":[64],"model.":[65],"We":[66],"endogenously":[67],"identify":[68],"significant":[69],"threshold":[70,102,220,234],"systemic":[72],"risk":[73],"using":[74],"Bayesian":[75],"Additive":[76],"Trees":[78],"(BART).":[79],"design":[82],"collapses":[83],"when":[84],"composite":[86],"index":[87],"economic":[89,114],"policy":[90,162,191,270],"uncertainty":[91,163,310],"financial":[93,214],"crises":[94,221],"exceeds":[95],"1.84":[96],"deviations.":[98],"Markets":[99],"below":[100],"are":[103,183,227],"mean":[104],"reverting":[105],"efficiently,":[106],"trading":[107],"at":[108],"28.5%":[109],"per":[110],"quarter.":[111],"Above":[112],"that,":[113],"agents":[115],"move":[116,259],"into":[117],"high":[119],"degree":[120],"precautionary":[122,346],"saving":[123],"(68.9%":[124],"regime),":[127],"inducing":[128],"regime-induced":[130],"inertia":[132],"contraction":[134],"which":[136,182,337],"speed":[138],"adjustment":[140],"drops":[141],"to":[142,160,264,314,340,350],"9.2%.":[143],"In":[144],"addition,":[145],"our":[146],"DSGE":[148],"variance":[149,173],"decomposition":[150],"result":[151],"scientifically":[152],"establishes":[153],"that":[154,165,170,206,237],"slowdown":[156],"is":[157,197],"structurally":[158],"attributed":[159],"shocks":[164],"persist":[166],"economy":[169],"dominate":[171],"long":[179],"run,":[180],"far":[184],"more":[185],"influential":[186],"than":[187],"reaction":[192],"by":[193,199,290,294],"central":[194,256,292],"banks.":[195],"This":[196,321],"supported":[198],"factor-augmented":[200],"co-integration":[201],"heterogeneous":[203],"causality":[204,211],"tests":[205],"show":[207],"refined":[209],"two-way":[210],"chain":[212],"between":[213],"integration":[215],"currency":[217],"volatility":[218],"during":[219,248],"therefore,":[223],"conventional":[224],"Taylor":[225],"rules":[226],"not":[228,245],"effective":[229],"case.":[232],"estimates":[235],"indicate":[236],"Uncovered":[239],"Interest":[240],"Rate":[241],"Parity":[242],"(UIP)":[243],"does":[244],"hold":[246],"true":[247],"these":[249],"panic":[250],"periods.":[251],"Based":[252],"results,":[255],"banks":[257],"should":[258,304],"beyond":[260],"rate":[262],"targeting":[263],"aggressive":[265],"forward":[266,332],"guidance":[267,333],"macro-stability":[269],"actions":[271],"countercyclical":[273],"exchange":[274],"buffers":[275],"goal":[278],"restoring":[280],"market":[281,318],"clearing":[282,319],"mechanisms.":[283],"A":[284],"crisis":[286],"cannot":[287],"be":[288],"resolved":[289],"bank":[293],"just":[295],"increasing":[296],"or":[297],"decreasing":[298],"broad":[300],"supply.":[302],"Policymakers":[303],"fiercely":[305],"end":[306],"cloud":[308],"if":[311],"they":[312],"want":[313],"restore":[315],"normal":[317],"speeds.":[320],"involves":[322],"coordination":[323],"fiscal":[325],"policies":[328],"through":[329],"hyper":[330],"transparent":[331],"long-term":[335],"horizons,":[336],"will":[338],"help":[339],"calm":[341],"markets,":[342],"thereby":[343],"reducing":[344],"hoarding":[347],"elasticity":[348],"back":[349],"baseline":[351],"levels.":[352],"JEL":[353],"Classification:":[354],"E41,":[355],"C23,":[356],"E52,":[357],"F41,":[358],"D81.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2026-06-30T00:00:00"}
