{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166396452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","title":"Challenges to effective chicken vaccination: uptake, completeness and timeliness of schedules among commercial layer farms in Tanzania","display_name":"Challenges to effective chicken vaccination: uptake, completeness and timeliness of schedules among commercial layer farms in Tanzania","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166396452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136226000914/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231534","display_name":"Vaccine X","issn_l":"2590-1362","issn":["2590-1362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine: X","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136226000914/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086288868","display_name":"Siha Mdemu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-9851","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-9851"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279685","display_name":"Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/01vqrfz95","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I248621492","https://openalex.org/I4405279685","https://openalex.org/I4405280427"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siha Mdemu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Vaccine Institute, Kibaha, Pwani, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Vaccine Institute, Kibaha, Pwani, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034340411","display_name":"Augustine B. Matondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-100X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-100X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Augustine B. Matondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079262842","display_name":"Jens Peter Christensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-9010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-9010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Peter Christensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117352585","display_name":"Ahmed E. Amasha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed E. Amasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Farm, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Farm, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047931280","display_name":"Helena Aminiel Ngowi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-700X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-700X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena A. Ngowi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035863063","display_name":"Erica Westwood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267301","display_name":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions","ror":"https://ror.org/0235eqf73","country_code":"DK","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erica Westwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030400094","display_name":"S. Ochai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267301","display_name":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions","ror":"https://ror.org/0235eqf73","country_code":"DK","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","display_name":"University of Pretoria","ror":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["DK","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunday O. Ochai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa","Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa","International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069740168","display_name":"Hezron Nonga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hezron E. Nonga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066862308","display_name":"Kristina Osbjer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0902-8232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0902-8232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267301","display_name":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions","ror":"https://ror.org/0235eqf73","country_code":"DK","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristina Osbjer","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions (ICARS), Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109350975","display_name":"Robinson Hammerton Mdegela","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84641585","display_name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdryp44","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robinson H. Mdegela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84641585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086288868"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279685","https://openalex.org/I84641585"],"apc_list":{"value":2440,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2440},"apc_paid":{"value":2440,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2440},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"100868","last_page":"100868"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11560","display_name":"Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11560","display_name":"Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13294","display_name":"Livestock and Poultry Management","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chicken-vaccination","display_name":"chicken vaccination","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-uptake","display_name":"vaccine uptake","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination-timeliness","display_name":"vaccination timeliness","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farmer-knowledge-attitudes-and-practices","display_name":"farmer knowledge, attitudes and practices","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newcastle-disease","display_name":"Newcastle disease","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-bursal-disease","display_name":"infectious bursal disease","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fowl-pox","display_name":"fowl pox","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-cages","display_name":"battery cages","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tanzania","display_name":"Tanzania","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.7389000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.649399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3978999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.24539999663829803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.243599995970726}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136226000914/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231534","display_name":"Vaccine X","issn_l":"2590-1362","issn":["2590-1362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine: X","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/83ee1e80-3484-48a7-b1f4-7da6b544adcd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/83ee1e80-3484-48a7-b1f4-7da6b544adcd","pdf_url":"https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/580502794/Challenges_to_effective_chicken_vaccination.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mdemu, S, Matondo, A B, Christensen, J P, Amasha, A E, Ngowi, H A, Westwood, E, Ochai, S O, Nonga, H E, Osbjer, K & Mdegela, R H 2026, 'Challenges to effective chicken vaccination : uptake, completeness and timeliness of schedules among commercial layer farms in Tanzania', Vaccine: X, vol. 31, 100868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d2c8d7cd8234d3683cd9557203f6e29","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d2c8d7cd8234d3683cd9557203f6e29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine: X, Vol 31, Iss , Pp 100868- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2026.100868","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136226000914/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231534","display_name":"Vaccine X","issn_l":"2590-1362","issn":["2590-1362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine: X","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.958299994468689,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166396452.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166396452.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1736209534","https://openalex.org/W2007975220","https://openalex.org/W2074379196","https://openalex.org/W2327678559","https://openalex.org/W2752620309","https://openalex.org/W2757397152","https://openalex.org/W2883672274","https://openalex.org/W2902114427","https://openalex.org/W2906926049","https://openalex.org/W3038005854","https://openalex.org/W3175395633","https://openalex.org/W3199714616","https://openalex.org/W3207958657","https://openalex.org/W3209499338","https://openalex.org/W4212778098","https://openalex.org/W4213433316","https://openalex.org/W4214650108","https://openalex.org/W4285385388","https://openalex.org/W4297183030","https://openalex.org/W4323304979","https://openalex.org/W4323663239","https://openalex.org/W4364361246","https://openalex.org/W4391751832","https://openalex.org/W4400415405","https://openalex.org/W4402218332","https://openalex.org/W4403246034","https://openalex.org/W4406848586","https://openalex.org/W4407936061","https://openalex.org/W4409281966","https://openalex.org/W4409866047","https://openalex.org/W4415966924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3038005854","https://openalex.org/W4404866051","https://openalex.org/W4285385388","https://openalex.org/W2887314603","https://openalex.org/W4385394169","https://openalex.org/W7130643096","https://openalex.org/W3006842990","https://openalex.org/W4406848586","https://openalex.org/W2898487768","https://openalex.org/W4416717807"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Infectious":[0],"diseases":[1,140],"are":[2,239],"a":[3,28],"major":[4],"cause":[5],"of":[6,16,22,98,131,160,210,216,225],"high":[7],"chicken":[8,69,243,251,261],"morbidity":[9],"and":[10,13,48,59,63,76,89,108,146,165,185,236,254],"mortality":[11],"rates,":[12],"subsequent":[14],"use":[15],"antimicrobials":[17],"thereby":[18],"fostering":[19],"the":[20,116,135,214],"development":[21],"antimicrobial":[23,255],"resistance.":[24],"While":[25,129],"vaccination":[26,55,101,114,197,218,235,244],"is":[27,43,247],"key":[29],"preventive":[30],"measure":[31],"which":[32],"subsequently":[33],"reduces":[34],"reliance":[35],"on":[36,106],"antimicrobials,":[37],"its":[38],"implementation":[39,224],"in":[40,71,181,200,258],"low-income":[41],"countries":[42],"often":[44],"hindered":[45],"by":[46],"socioeconomic":[47],"farming":[49],"challenges.":[50],"This":[51,246],"cross-sectional":[52],"study":[53,94],"evaluated":[54],"uptake,":[56],"completeness,":[57],"timeliness":[58],"farmers'":[60],"knowledge,":[61,102],"attitudes,":[62],"practices":[64,111],"across":[65],"200":[66],"commercial":[67,259],"layer":[68,260],"farms":[70,132,161],"Dar":[72],"es":[73],"Salaam,":[74],"Morogoro,":[75],"Unguja":[77],"from":[78,122],"March":[79],"to":[80,113,124,192,204,249],"June":[81],"2023.":[82],"Data":[83],"analysis":[84],"included":[85],"ANOVA,":[86],"t":[87],"-tests,":[88],"multivariable":[90],"logistic":[91,174],"regression.":[92],"The":[93],"revealed":[95],"mean":[96],"scores":[97],"55.20%":[99],"for":[100,104,110,230,241],"81.65%":[103],"attitudes":[105],"vaccination,":[107],"55.10%":[109],"related":[112],"among":[115],"farmers":[117,187],"assessed.":[118],"Vaccination":[119],"uptake":[120],"ranged":[121],"1":[123],"9":[125],"vaccines":[126],"(median:":[127],"3).":[128],"74%":[130],"vaccinated":[133,151],"against":[134,152],"three":[136],"nationally":[137],"recommended":[138],"core":[139],"(Newcastle":[141],"disease,":[142,145],"infectious":[143],"bursal":[144],"fowl":[147],"pox),":[148],"only":[149],"5%":[150],"bacterial":[153],"diseases.":[154],"Compliance":[155],"was":[156,198],"suboptimal,":[157],"with":[158,234],"47.50%":[159],"having":[162],"incomplete":[163,194],"schedules":[164],"93%":[166],"reporting":[167],"at":[168],"least":[169],"one":[170],"untimely":[171,217],"vaccination.":[172],"Multivariable":[173],"regression":[175],"identified":[176],"several":[177],"risk":[178],"factors.":[179],"Farmers":[180],"Unguja,":[182],"small-scale":[183],"producers,":[184],"younger":[186],"were":[188],"significantly":[189],"more":[190],"likely":[191],"have":[193],"schedules.":[195],"Untimely":[196],"higher":[199],"deep-litter":[201],"systems":[202],"compared":[203],"battery":[205],"cages.":[206],"Furthermore,":[207],"limited":[208],"awareness":[209],"vaccine":[211],"availability":[212],"increased":[213],"odds":[215],"sevenfold.":[219],"These":[220],"findings":[221],"suggest":[222],"that":[223,228],"targeted":[226],"interventions":[227],"account":[229],"farmer-level":[231],"factors":[232],"associated":[233],"evidence-based":[237],"policies":[238],"essential":[240],"improving":[242],"programs.":[245],"necessary":[248],"enhance":[250],"health,":[252],"productivity,":[253],"resistance":[256],"control":[257],"farms.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-06-28T00:00:00"}
