{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166338397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","title":"Stadiums as heterotopias: Spaces for creating new social norms in early Republican T\u00fcrkiye (1923\u20131945)","display_name":"Stadiums as heterotopias: Spaces for creating new social norms in early Republican T\u00fcrkiye (1923\u20131945)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166338397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70736/ijoess.2161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","pdf_url":"https://rrpubs.com/index.php/ijoess/article/download/2161/1809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185491","display_name":"International Journal Of Eurasia Social Sciences","issn_l":"2146-1961","issn":["2146-1961"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://rrpubs.com/index.php/ijoess/article/download/2161/1809","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048170156","display_name":"Hasan Do\u011fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3275","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3275"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80538482","display_name":"Harran University","ror":"https://ror.org/057qfs197","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Dogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture, Harran University, \u015eanl\u0131urfa, 63300, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3275","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Harran University, \u015eanl\u0131urfa, 63300, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048170156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"64","first_page":"847","last_page":"867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.4287000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.4287000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12188","display_name":"Architecture, Modernity, and Design","score":0.3303000032901764,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Sociology, History and Politics of Sport","score":0.07540000230073929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-stadiums","display_name":"sports stadiums","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterotopia","display_name":"heterotopia","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-modernization","display_name":"state modernization","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-ritual","display_name":"public ritual","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-identity","display_name":"national identity","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizenship","display_name":"citizenship","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/michel-foucault","display_name":"Michel Foucault","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stadium-architecture","display_name":"stadium architecture","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-space","display_name":"urban space","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-celebrations","display_name":"national celebrations","score":0.5199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.635699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5932999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780781376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42138","display_name":"Citizenship","level":3,"score":0.550599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5450999736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5389000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201280247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032","display_name":"Newspaper","level":2,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533584247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6532502","display_name":"Public housing","level":2,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984866010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294440","display_name":"Public space","level":2,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123108692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49773","display_name":"Social movement","level":3,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776095079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489538","display_name":"The Symbolic","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2575688","display_name":"Militarization","level":3,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186835682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541559","display_name":"Graffiti","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70736/ijoess.2161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","pdf_url":"https://rrpubs.com/index.php/ijoess/article/download/2161/1809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185491","display_name":"International Journal Of Eurasia Social Sciences","issn_l":"2146-1961","issn":["2146-1961"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.rrpubs.com:article/2161","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://rrpubs.com/index.php/ijoess/article/view/2161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185491","display_name":"International Journal Of Eurasia Social Sciences","issn_l":"2146-1961","issn":["2146-1961"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-1961","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70736/ijoess.2161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70736/ijoess.2161","pdf_url":"https://rrpubs.com/index.php/ijoess/article/download/2161/1809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185491","display_name":"International Journal Of Eurasia Social Sciences","issn_l":"2146-1961","issn":["2146-1961"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5142999887466431,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324138","display_name":"Harran \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/057qfs197"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166338397.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166338397.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988815724","https://openalex.org/W1989457379","https://openalex.org/W2036244369","https://openalex.org/W2138991990","https://openalex.org/W2486661248","https://openalex.org/W2604886757","https://openalex.org/W2785673785","https://openalex.org/W2970820454","https://openalex.org/W3003568635","https://openalex.org/W4211044135","https://openalex.org/W4235337940","https://openalex.org/W4399037619","https://openalex.org/W4401308871","https://openalex.org/W4411966915"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411966915","https://openalex.org/W4389818687","https://openalex.org/W7165548938","https://openalex.org/W7153995835","https://openalex.org/W3088841282","https://openalex.org/W2150787118","https://openalex.org/W3117970706","https://openalex.org/W4399499041","https://openalex.org/W7110493482","https://openalex.org/W4361233624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,40,60,161],"examines":[2],"stadiums":[3,43,111,155],"in":[4,167],"early":[5],"Republican":[6,151,176],"T\u00fcrkiye":[7],"(1923\u20131945)":[8],"not":[9],"merely":[10],"as":[11,15,45,92,113,156],"sporting":[12],"facilities":[13],"but":[14],"spatial":[16,70,170],"instruments":[17],"through":[18],"which":[19],"the":[20,39,93,99,147,150,160,163,169,175],"modernising":[21],"state":[22,49],"organised":[23],"public":[24,143],"rituals,":[25],"disciplined":[26,140],"bodies,":[27],"and":[28,53,71,85,98,103,133,141,171],"projected":[29],"national":[30,89,121],"identities.":[31],"Drawing":[32],"on":[33],"Michel":[34],"Foucault\u2019s":[35],"concept":[36],"of":[37,88,149,165,174],"heterotopia,":[38],"investigates":[41],"how":[42],"functioned":[44],"architectural":[46,78,81],"environments":[47],"where":[48,116],"power,":[50],"collective":[51,126],"performance,":[52],"modern":[54,142],"citizenship":[55],"were":[56],"publicly":[57],"staged.":[58],"The":[59,74,107],"adopts":[61],"a":[62,124,139],"qualitative":[63],"historical":[64],"approach":[65],"combining":[66],"archival":[67],"research":[68],"with":[69,146],"visual":[72,86],"analysis.":[73],"empirical":[75],"material":[76],"includes":[77],"plans,":[79],"contemporary":[80],"publications,":[82],"newspaper":[83],"reports,":[84],"documentation":[87],"ceremonies":[90],"such":[91],"April":[94],"23":[95],"Children\u2019s":[96],"Day":[97,105],"May":[100],"19":[101],"Youth":[102],"Sports":[104],"celebrations.":[106],"analysis":[108],"demonstrates":[109],"that":[110],"operated":[112],"ceremonial":[114],"stages,":[115],"synchronised":[117],"bodily":[118],"performances":[119],"transformed":[120],"ideology":[122],"into":[123],"visible":[125],"practice.":[127],"Through":[128],"mass":[129],"gymnastics,":[130],"choreographed":[131],"formations,":[132],"gender-inclusive":[134],"participation,":[135],"these":[136],"events":[137],"produced":[138],"body":[144],"aligned":[145],"ideals":[148],"regime.":[152],"By":[153],"interpreting":[154],"heterotopic":[157],"urban":[158],"spaces,":[159],"highlights":[162],"role":[164],"architecture":[166],"shaping":[168],"symbolic":[172],"infrastructure":[173],"Modernisation":[177],"project.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-03T13:16:28.481748","created_date":"2026-06-28T00:00:00"}