{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166324255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","title":"Loeffler's endocarditis Complicating Crohn's Disease-Associated Hypereosinophilia: A Fatal Case of Eosinophil-Mediated Restrictive Cardiomyopathy","display_name":"Loeffler's endocarditis Complicating Crohn's Disease-Associated Hypereosinophilia: A Fatal Case of Eosinophil-Mediated Restrictive Cardiomyopathy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166324255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764710361","display_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","issn_l":"2394-109X","issn":["2394-109X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7166324255"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137971493","display_name":"Samantha Aster Pinto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4106-476X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4106-476X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I238597064","display_name":"Goa Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/0030d2559","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Aster Pinto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4106-476X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137989620","display_name":"Joel Piedade Quadros","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I238597064","display_name":"Goa Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/0030d2559","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Piedade Quadros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049687334","display_name":"Venkatesh Malali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I238597064","display_name":"Goa Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/0030d2559","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkatesh Malali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5137971493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I238597064"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":"36","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12600","display_name":"Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12600","display_name":"Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10882","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11576","display_name":"IgG4-Related and Inflammatory Diseases","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loeffler-s-endocarditis","display_name":"Loeffler's endocarditis","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restrictive-cardiomyopathy","display_name":"restrictive cardiomyopathy","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crohn-s-disease","display_name":"Crohn's disease","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypereosinophilia","display_name":"hypereosinophilia","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-bowel-disease","display_name":"inflammatory bowel disease","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subendocardial-fibrosis","display_name":"subendocardial fibrosis","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-ventricular-mural-thrombus","display_name":"left ventricular mural thrombus","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-hypertension","display_name":"pulmonary hypertension","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valvular-dysfunction","display_name":"valvular dysfunction","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-organ-failure","display_name":"multiple organ failure","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transthoracic-echocardiography","display_name":"transthoracic echocardiography","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.871999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779962030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2151267","display_name":"Restrictive cardiomyopathy","level":4,"score":0.7796000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779084869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505142","display_name":"Hypereosinophilia","level":3,"score":0.7124000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777621362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2551272","display_name":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.6826000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.6802999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6193000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781205601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6947997","display_name":"Myopericarditis","level":3,"score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776008845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038325","display_name":"Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","level":3,"score":0.5128999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775872228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82504","display_name":"Endocarditis","level":2,"score":0.5113999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85378888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721856","display_name":"Endocardium","level":2,"score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781362458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1588755","display_name":"Thrombus","level":2,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778797674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847583","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy","level":3,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018878892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2551272","display_name":"Endomyocardial fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.38929998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778704086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693058","display_name":"Chest pain","level":2,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128595","display_name":"Pulmonary hypertension","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929833","display_name":"Rare disease","level":3,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780011451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751330","display_name":"Venous thrombosis","level":3,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777361368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7920318","display_name":"Ventricular outflow tract","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36036425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846262","display_name":"Troponin","level":3,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778096457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3049292","display_name":"Constrictive pericarditis","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776127602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038319","display_name":"Cardiac imaging","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780309369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933382","display_name":"Calcification","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780875844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186235","display_name":"Myocarditis","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777682441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7835379","display_name":"Transthoracic echocardiogram","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776383484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283656","display_name":"Dilated cardiomyopathy","level":3,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779740085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2397680","display_name":"Interventricular septum","level":3,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764710361","display_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","issn_l":"2394-109X","issn":["2394-109X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalijmpcr.com:article/502","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalijmpcr.com/index.php/IJMPCR/article/view/502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764710361","display_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","issn_l":"2394-109X","issn":["2394-109X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2394-109X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05672398v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05672398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports, 2026, 19 (3), pp.36-42","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2026/v19i3502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764710361","display_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","issn_l":"2394-109X","issn":["2394-109X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998817911","https://openalex.org/W2906806731","https://openalex.org/W2074443939","https://openalex.org/W3130841856","https://openalex.org/W2462461087","https://openalex.org/W7164864269","https://openalex.org/W2079091129","https://openalex.org/W2134875730","https://openalex.org/W2792502145","https://openalex.org/W3155794193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Cardiac":[1,134],"elastomyofibrosis":[2,55,289],"represents":[3],"the":[4,30,176,183,265],"irreversible":[5,239,326],"fibrotic":[6],"end-stage":[7],"of":[8,32,50,131,203,222,267],"Loeffler's":[9,51,150,230,284],"endocarditis,":[10],"an":[11,127],"uncommon":[12],"restrictive":[13,132,243],"cardiomyopathy":[14],"driven":[15],"by":[16],"eosinophil-mediated":[17],"endomyocardial":[18,210],"injury.":[19],"While":[20],"most":[21],"often":[22],"associated":[23],"with":[24,59,68,78,109,126,144,149,175,295,298,328],"hypereosinophilic":[25],"syndromes,":[26],"its":[27],"occurrence":[28],"in":[29,56,188,229,242,264,287,293],"context":[31],"chronic":[33,84],"inflammatory":[34,38],"disorders":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,315],"bowel":[39],"disease":[40,72],"(IBD)":[41],"remains":[42,313],"exceptionally":[43],"rare.":[44],"We":[45],"report":[46],"a":[47,57,121,139,201,218,329],"fatal":[48,330],"case":[49,216,317],"endocarditis":[52,231,285],"progressing":[53],"to":[54,208,236,325],"patient":[58,184],"Crohn's":[60,71,204],"disease-associated":[61,205],"hypereosinophilia.":[62],"Case":[63],"Presentation:":[64],"A":[65],"46-year-old":[66],"man":[67],"hypertension":[69],"and":[70,86,95,120,164,170,191,196,212,238,247,256,279,302,310],"on":[73,99],"intermittent":[74,87],"corticosteroid":[75],"therapy":[76],"presented":[77],"acute-onset":[79],"dyspnea":[80],"(NYHA":[81],"Class":[82],"III\u2013IV),":[83],"fatigue,":[85],"fever.":[88],"Examination":[89],"revealed":[90,154],"elevated":[91],"jugular":[92],"venous":[93],"pressure":[94],"bilateral":[96],"pleural":[97],"effusions":[98],"chest":[100],"radiography.":[101],"Transthoracic":[102],"echocardiography":[103,255],"demonstrated":[104],"reduced":[105],"global":[106],"longitudinal":[107],"strain":[108],"apical":[110,128],"sparing,":[111],"multivalvular":[112],"regurgitation,":[113],"severe":[114],"pulmonary":[115,248],"hypertension,":[116],"right":[117],"ventricular":[118,124,141],"dilatation,":[119],"speckled":[122],"left":[123,140],"apex":[125],"mass":[129],"suggestive":[130],"cardiomyopathy.":[133],"magnetic":[135],"resonance":[136],"imaging":[137,197,251,309],"confirmed":[138],"mural":[142],"thrombus":[143],"extensive":[145],"subendocardial":[146],"fibrosis,":[147,240],"consistent":[148,174],"endocarditis.":[151],"Laboratory":[152],"evaluation":[153,312],"marked":[155],"peripheral":[156,303],"eosinophilia":[157],"(21%).":[158],"Hematologic":[159],"workup":[160],"excluded":[161],"clonal":[162],"leukemia":[163],"lymphoma.":[165],"Autoimmune":[166],"markers":[167],"including":[168],"ANA":[169],"c-ANCA":[171],"were":[172],"positive,":[173],"known":[177],"IBD":[178,296],"diagnosis.":[179],"Despite":[180],"supportive":[181],"management,":[182],"deteriorated":[185],"rapidly,":[186],"culminating":[187,286],"multiorgan":[189],"failure":[190,301],"death.":[192],"The":[193],"clinical,":[194],"laboratory,":[195],"findings":[198],"collectively":[199],"supported":[200],"diagnosis":[202,263,321],"hypereosinophilia":[206],"leading":[207],"eosinophilic":[209],"injury":[211,228],"elastomyofibrosis.":[213],"Discussion:":[214],"This":[215],"highlights":[217],"rare":[219],"cardiac":[220,257,288],"manifestation":[221],"IBD-associated":[223],"systemic":[224],"inflammation.":[225],"Eosinophil-mediated":[226],"myocardial":[227],"progresses":[232],"sequentially":[233],"from":[234],"necrosis":[235],"thrombosis":[237],"resulting":[241],"physiology,":[244],"valvular":[245],"dysfunction,":[246],"hypertension.":[249],"Multimodality":[250],"\u2014":[252,259],"particularly":[253],"transthoracic":[254],"MRI":[258],"was":[260],"essential":[261],"for":[262],"absence":[266],"histopathological":[268],"confirmation.":[269],"Once":[270],"advanced":[271],"fibrosis":[272,327],"is":[273,281],"established,":[274],"therapeutic":[275],"options":[276],"remain":[277],"limited":[278],"prognosis":[280],"poor.":[282],"Conclusion:":[283],"should":[290],"be":[291],"considered":[292],"patients":[294],"presenting":[297],"unexplained":[299],"heart":[300],"eosinophilia.":[304],"Early":[305],"recognition":[306],"through":[307],"multimodality":[308],"multidisciplinary":[311],"critical,":[314],"this":[316],"demonstrates":[318],"that":[319],"delayed":[320],"can":[322],"permit":[323],"progression":[324],"outcome.":[331]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-06-28T00:00:00"}