{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166319651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","title":"Visibility of the caregiver role in nursing documentation for hospitalized older adults: A cross-sectional study","display_name":"Visibility of the caregiver role in nursing documentation for hospitalized older adults: A cross-sectional study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166319651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42364334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70907202","display_name":"Geriatric Nursing","issn_l":"0197-4572","issn":["0197-4572","1528-3984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatric Nursing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123354517","display_name":"Joana Margarida Martins Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802025818","display_name":"Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04032fz76","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802025818"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joana Margarida Martins da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: 14588@ulscoimbra.min-saude.pt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: 14588@ulscoimbra.min-saude.pt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802025818"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108007437","display_name":"Maria de F\u00e1tima de Ara\u00fajo Lopes Elias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-530X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-530X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria de F\u00e1tima de Ara\u00fajo Lopes Elias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nursing School of Porto, University of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 830-856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: araujo@esenf.pt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-530X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nursing School of Porto, University of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 830-856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: araujo@esenf.pt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059323821","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Joana Campos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-3633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-3633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Joana Alves Campos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nursing School of Porto, University of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 830-856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: joana@esenf.pt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-3633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nursing School of Porto, University of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 830-856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: joana@esenf.pt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030951068","display_name":"Ana Filipa Albuquerque Leal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3851-6588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3851-6588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802025818","display_name":"Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04032fz76","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802025818"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Filipa Albuquerque Leal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: 12261@ulscoimbra.min-saude.pt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3851-6588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: 12261@ulscoimbra.min-saude.pt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802025818"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054761777","display_name":"Rui Filipe Lopes Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-1776","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-1776"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56243300","display_name":"Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/03c3y8w73","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56243300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Filipe Lopes Gon\u00e7alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nursing School of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: rgoncalves@ese.uc.pt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-1776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nursing School of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address: rgoncalves@ese.uc.pt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56243300","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123354517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802025818"],"apc_list":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"apc_paid":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50440744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"104158","last_page":"104158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12790","display_name":"Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12790","display_name":"Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13111","display_name":"Nursing care and research","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11376","display_name":"Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-caregivers","display_name":"family caregivers","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-role","display_name":"caregiver role","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-documentation","display_name":"nursing documentation","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-older-adults","display_name":"hospitalized older adults","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-diagnosis","display_name":"nursing diagnosis","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discharge-documentation","display_name":"discharge documentation","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-to-home-transition","display_name":"hospital-to-home transition","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-care-dependence","display_name":"self-care dependence","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuity-of-care","display_name":"continuity of care","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-classification-for-nursing-practice","display_name":"International Classification for Nursing Practice","score":0.9039999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.7768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.7423999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778815017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30315129","display_name":"Nursing documentation","level":3,"score":0.7324000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6248000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019398978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837142","display_name":"Nursing homes","level":2,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541746794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5550842","display_name":"Gerontological nursing","level":2,"score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009737","descriptor_name":"Nursing Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017028","descriptor_name":"Caregivers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70907202","display_name":"Geriatric Nursing","issn_l":"0197-4572","issn":["0197-4572","1528-3984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatric Nursing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42364334","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42364334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2026.104158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70907202","display_name":"Geriatric Nursing","issn_l":"0197-4572","issn":["0197-4572","1528-3984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatric Nursing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.5398539900779724}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048900713","https://openalex.org/W2083332929","https://openalex.org/W2112896053","https://openalex.org/W2314697626","https://openalex.org/W2909479037","https://openalex.org/W2920808671","https://openalex.org/W2941640135","https://openalex.org/W2955008267","https://openalex.org/W2981905597","https://openalex.org/W2996524980","https://openalex.org/W3091044516","https://openalex.org/W3132638220","https://openalex.org/W3154161173","https://openalex.org/W3205807143","https://openalex.org/W4281556195","https://openalex.org/W4295865893","https://openalex.org/W4362521498","https://openalex.org/W4404275129","https://openalex.org/W4404442055","https://openalex.org/W4412525244"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Family":[1],"caregivers":[2,126,187],"play":[3],"a":[4,90,180],"vital":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,23,48,89],"supporting":[8],"dependent":[9],"older":[10,54],"adults,":[11],"particularly":[12],"during":[13],"hospital-to-home":[14],"transitions.":[15,217],"Yet":[16],"their":[17,189],"contribution":[18],"often":[19],"remains":[20],"insufficiently":[21],"documented":[22,80,140],"nursing":[24,44,50,71,116,142,193],"records,":[25],"which":[26,105],"may":[27,206],"limit":[28],"the":[29,40,43,99,107,183,200,208],"visibility":[30,41,211],"of":[31,42,52,73,170,185,203,212],"caregiver-related":[32,141,147,174,204],"information":[33,205],"across":[34,215],"care":[35,194,216],"settings.":[36],"OBJECTIVE:":[37],"To":[38],"examine":[39],"focus":[45],"\"Caregiver":[46],"Role\"":[47],"electronic":[49,70,101],"records":[51,72],"hospitalized":[53],"adults":[55],"and":[56,118,188,196,210],"its":[57],"incorporation":[58],"into":[59,192],"discharge":[60,171,197],"documentation.":[61,198],"METHODS:":[62],"A":[63],"retrospective":[64],"cross-sectional":[65],"study":[66],"was":[67],"conducted":[68],"using":[69],"577":[74],"patients":[75,134],"aged":[76],"\u226565":[77],"years":[78],"with":[79],"self-care":[81],"dependence,":[82],"admitted":[83],"to":[84,114],"an":[85],"internal":[86],"medicine":[87],"department":[88],"European":[91],"country":[92],"(January-March":[93],"2023).":[94],"Data":[95],"were":[96,122,127,150,158],"retrieved":[97],"from":[98],"national":[100],"health":[102],"record":[103],"(SCl\u00ednico\u00ae),":[104],"uses":[106],"International":[108],"Classification":[109],"for":[110],"Nursing":[111],"Practice":[112],"(ICNP)":[113],"structure":[115],"diagnoses":[117],"interventions.":[119],"Descriptive":[120],"statistics":[121],"applied.":[123],"RESULTS:":[124],"Although":[125],"routinely":[128],"identified":[129],"at":[130,137],"admission,":[131],"only":[132],"76":[133],"(13.2%)":[135],"had":[136],"least":[138],"one":[139],"focus.":[143],"Among":[144],"these,":[145],"124":[146],"diagnosis":[148],"entries":[149],"recorded,":[151],"most":[152],"frequently":[153],"\"Committed":[154],"caregiver":[155,213],"role.\"":[156],"Interventions":[157],"primarily":[159],"classified":[160],"under":[161],"generic":[162],"categories":[163],"(e.g.,":[164],"assess,":[165],"guide).":[166],"Fewer":[167],"than":[168],"10%":[169],"documentation":[172,202],"included":[173],"content.":[175],"CONCLUSIONS:":[176],"These":[177],"findings":[178],"indicate":[179],"discrepancy":[181],"between":[182],"identification":[184],"family":[186],"formal":[190],"integration":[191],"plans":[195],"Improving":[199],"systematic":[201],"enhance":[207],"continuity":[209],"involvement":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2026-06-28T00:00:00"}