{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166317225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","title":"Level of involvement, confidence and perceived barriers to participate in antimicrobial stewardship among Malaysian hospital pharmacists","display_name":"Level of involvement, confidence and perceived barriers to participate in antimicrobial stewardship among Malaysian hospital pharmacists","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166317225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042889","display_name":"Discover Public Health","issn_l":"3005-0774","issn":["3005-0774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074972084","display_name":"Lai San Kong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105292261","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddxe180","country_code":"MY","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105292261"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lai San Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia","Department of Pharmacy, Tengku Permaisuri Norashikin Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy, Tengku Permaisuri Norashikin Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, 43000, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105292261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028421786","display_name":"Syed Tabish R Zaidi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129801699","display_name":"University of Tasmania","ror":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129801699"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Tabish R. Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Hobart, TAS, 7006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Hobart, TAS, 7006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129801699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053779084","display_name":"Farida Hanim Islahudin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-4361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-4361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farida Islahudin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035588105","display_name":"Wei Wen Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-8478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-8478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wen Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035588105"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50580291,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-stewardship","display_name":"antimicrobial stewardship","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-pharmacists","display_name":"hospital pharmacists","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacist-confidence","display_name":"pharmacist confidence","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barriers-to-participation","display_name":"barriers to participation","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease-knowledge","display_name":"infectious disease knowledge","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-optimization","display_name":"dose optimization","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-pharmacy","display_name":"clinical pharmacy","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaysian-public-hospitals","display_name":"Malaysian public hospitals","score":0.5260000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7300999760627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776040555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19903321","display_name":"Antimicrobial stewardship","level":4,"score":0.6557999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.6437000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.6327000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10446079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155491","display_name":"Clinical pharmacy","level":3,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779457091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105186","display_name":"Pharmacist","level":3,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911146124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19903321","display_name":"Antibiotic Stewardship","level":4,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781385661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677918","display_name":"Acute care","level":3,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777950569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021836","display_name":"Stewardship (theology)","level":3,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129930760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1702613","display_name":"Pharmaceutical care","level":3,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3604424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy practice","level":3,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190857496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388618","display_name":"Hospital pharmacy","level":3,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042889","display_name":"Discover Public Health","issn_l":"3005-0774","issn":["3005-0774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d096dc7e2bf44ae6ac1f0ad809a90827","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d096dc7e2bf44ae6ac1f0ad809a90827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Public Health, Vol 23, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12982-026-02288-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042889","display_name":"Discover Public Health","issn_l":"3005-0774","issn":["3005-0774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8758038408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DCP-2017-003/5","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166317225.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166317225.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1736209534","https://openalex.org/W2003944232","https://openalex.org/W2009955509","https://openalex.org/W2060158350","https://openalex.org/W2103264829","https://openalex.org/W2140353364","https://openalex.org/W2153755161","https://openalex.org/W2289901469","https://openalex.org/W2340664109","https://openalex.org/W2427692326","https://openalex.org/W2611639507","https://openalex.org/W2774076132","https://openalex.org/W2789305358","https://openalex.org/W2795548976","https://openalex.org/W2799749886","https://openalex.org/W2887586960","https://openalex.org/W2903286164","https://openalex.org/W2980546038","https://openalex.org/W3033446721","https://openalex.org/W3033738020","https://openalex.org/W3042972943","https://openalex.org/W3135921355","https://openalex.org/W3155421535","https://openalex.org/W3158030796","https://openalex.org/W3209355568","https://openalex.org/W4211048926","https://openalex.org/W4306151979","https://openalex.org/W4309367188","https://openalex.org/W4403913711"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hospital":[0],"pharmacists":[1,54,79,87,107],"in":[2,8,28,40,56,72,84,95,144,154,172,186,194,207,233,250,271],"Malaysia":[3],"are":[4],"expected":[5],"to":[6,26,63,91,110,163,184,205],"participate":[7,27,185,206],"antimicrobial":[9],"stewardship":[10],"(AMS)":[11],"activities,":[12],"yet":[13],"little":[14],"is":[15],"known":[16],"about":[17],"the":[18,73,93,100,105,111,138,192,252,256],"extent":[19],"of":[20,52,76,104,135,140,158,215,217],"their":[21,46,96],"involvement,":[22],"confidence":[23,37,162,169,183,268],"and":[24,38,42,142,161,174,240,269],"barriers":[25,44,150,204,263,275],"AMS.":[29,85,272],"This":[30,259],"study":[31,101,260],"measured":[32],"Malaysian":[33,77,265],"hospital":[34,53,78,266],"pharmacists\u2019":[35,152,267],"self-reported":[36],"participation":[39,153,270,280],"AMS":[41,124,129,155,187,195,208,218,279],"identified":[43,261],"limiting":[45,151,264],"participation.":[47],"A":[48,66],"national":[49],"cross-sectional":[50],"survey":[51,94],"working":[55,232,241],"public":[57],"hospitals":[58,243],"was":[59,70],"conducted":[60],"from":[61],"January":[62],"June":[64],"2022.":[65],"previously":[67],"validated":[68],"tool":[69],"posted":[71],"WhatsApp":[74],"group":[75],"with":[80,181,244],"a":[81,225],"particular":[82],"interest":[83],"These":[86],"were":[88,132,156,255],"also":[89],"requested":[90],"distribute":[92],"professional":[97],"networks":[98],"by":[99,281],"investigators.":[102],"Out":[103],"258":[106],"who":[108],"responded":[109],"survey,":[112],"46.9%":[113],"(":[114,197,209,220,228,236,246],"n":[115],"=":[116,230,238,248],"121)":[117],"had":[118],"formal":[119],"infectious":[120],"disease":[121],"(ID)":[122],"or":[123],"training.":[125],"The":[126],"top":[127],"three":[128,254],"activities":[130,196],"reported":[131,167],"adjusting":[133],"dose":[134,176],"antimicrobials,":[136],"probing":[137],"duration":[139],"treatment,":[141],"participating":[143],"patient":[145],"care":[146],"ward":[147],"rounds.":[148],"Major":[149],"lack":[157],"ID":[159],"knowledge":[160],"make":[164],"recommendations.":[165],"Pharmacists":[166],"highest":[168],"(>":[170],"79%)":[171],"pharmacokinetic":[173],"pharmacodynamic-based":[175],"optimization.":[177],"Significant":[178],"factors":[179],"associated":[180],"greater":[182,278],"were:":[188],"higher":[189,213],"score":[190,202],"on":[191,203],"involvement":[193],"p":[198,210,221,229,237,247],"<":[199,211,222],"0.001),":[200,212,223],"lower":[201],"number":[214],"years":[216],"experience":[219],"having":[224],"postgraduate":[226],"qualification":[227],"0.024),":[231],"clinical":[234],"pharmacy":[235],"0.021),":[239],"at":[242],"specialists":[245],"0.049),":[249],"which":[251],"first":[253],"strongest":[257],"factors.":[258],"important":[262],"Addressing":[273],"such":[274],"will":[276],"encourage":[277],"pharmacists.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-06-28T00:00:00"}
