{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165012016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","title":"Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Polarimetry for Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring: Principles, Recent Advances, Research Gaps, and Future Directions","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Polarimetry for Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring: Principles, Recent Advances, Research Gaps, and Future Directions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165012016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136581147","display_name":"Abdullah Al Maimun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3293-0429","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3293-0429"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Al Maimun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3293-0429","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136539558","display_name":"Sirajam Munira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sirajam Munira","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057279474","display_name":"Md Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6915-2438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6915-2438"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Mahbubur Rahman Akash","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6915-2438","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136581147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.4325999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.4325999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.2915000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.05979999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-glucose-monitoring","display_name":"non-invasive glucose monitoring","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"optical coherence tomography","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-polarimetry","display_name":"optical polarimetry","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-detection","display_name":"glucose detection","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-devices","display_name":"wearable devices","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-feasibility","display_name":"clinical feasibility","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.6157000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.5181999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4772000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4683000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989271610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Optical sensing","level":2,"score":0.37040001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100933","display_name":"Diabetes management","level":4,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986379492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638492","display_name":"Continuous glucose monitoring","level":4,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202606.1368.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7167671927","https://openalex.org/W4405657047","https://openalex.org/W4283757423","https://openalex.org/W7134138786","https://openalex.org/W7127073280","https://openalex.org/W7171467589","https://openalex.org/W4206749409","https://openalex.org/W4409516167","https://openalex.org/W4412379206","https://openalex.org/W7213970772"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diabetes":[0],"mellitus":[1],"is":[2,25,143],"a":[3,94,212],"major":[4],"global":[5],"public":[6],"health":[7],"challenge,":[8],"with":[9,211],"prevalence":[10],"rising":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,145,189],"aging":[14],"populations,":[15],"urbanization,":[16],"sedentary":[17],"lifestyles,":[18],"and":[19,30,43,52,71,88,111,132,162,177,200,208,223,233],"dietary":[20],"changes.":[21],"Effective":[22],"glucose":[23,46,80,100,159,221],"monitoring":[24,47,89,101,165],"essential":[26],"for":[27,157,229],"diagnosis,":[28],"treatment,":[29],"long-term":[31],"disease":[32],"management,":[33],"driving":[34],"significant":[35,155],"research":[36,226],"into":[37],"improved":[38],"sensing":[39,81,113,126,222],"technologies.":[40],"Conventional":[41],"invasive":[42,45],"minimally":[44],"methods":[48,114],"often":[49],"cause":[50],"discomfort":[51],"reduce":[53],"patient":[54],"compliance,":[55],"motivating":[56],"the":[57,76,105,146,172,184,216],"development":[58],"of":[59,78,84,97,136,148,180,215,219],"non-invasive":[60,99,220],"alternatives.":[61],"Recent":[62],"advances":[63],"in":[64,104],"photonics,":[65],"biomedical":[66],"engineering,":[67],"nanotechnology,":[68],"wearable":[69],"devices,":[70],"artificial":[72],"intelligence":[73],"have":[74,153],"accelerated":[75],"emergence":[77],"innovative":[79],"approaches":[82],"capable":[83],"improving":[85],"comfort,":[86],"safety,":[87],"frequency.":[90],"This":[91],"review":[92,168],"presents":[93],"comprehensive":[95],"overview":[96],"recent":[98,195],"technologies":[102,138],"reported":[103],"literature,":[106],"including":[107],"optical,":[108],"electromagnetic,":[109],"nanotechnology-based,":[110],"physiological":[112],"evaluated":[115],"through":[116],"human":[117],"studies,":[118],"biological":[119],"samples,":[120],"or":[121],"tissue-equivalent":[122],"models.":[123],"The":[124,167],"underlying":[125],"principles,":[127],"measurement":[128],"sites,":[129],"performance":[130],"characteristics,":[131],"practical":[133],"implementation":[134],"challenges":[135],"these":[137],"are":[139],"discussed.":[140],"Particular":[141],"attention":[142],"given":[144],"integration":[147],"machine":[149],"learning":[150],"algorithms,":[151],"which":[152],"demonstrated":[154],"potential":[156],"enhancing":[158],"prediction":[160],"accuracy":[161],"supporting":[163],"real-time":[164],"applications.":[166],"also":[169],"critically":[170],"examines":[171],"advantages,":[173],"limitations,":[174],"clinical":[175],"feasibility,":[176],"commercialization":[178],"prospects":[179],"existing":[181],"technologies,":[182],"highlighting":[183],"key":[185],"barriers":[186],"that":[187],"continue":[188],"impede":[190],"widespread":[191],"adoption.":[192],"By":[193],"consolidating":[194],"developments":[196],"across":[197],"multiple":[198],"scientific":[199],"engineering":[201],"disciplines,":[202],"this":[203],"work":[204],"provides":[205],"researchers,":[206],"clinicians,":[207],"technology":[209],"developers":[210],"concise":[213],"assessment":[214],"current":[217],"state":[218],"identifies":[224],"future":[225],"directions":[227],"necessary":[228],"advancing":[230],"reliable,":[231],"accurate,":[232],"user-friendly":[234],"next-generation":[235],"diabetes":[236],"management":[237],"systems.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-06-18T00:00:00"}
