{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164898613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16867","title":"Revisiting the Systematicity in Negation in the Era of In-Context Learning","display_name":"Revisiting the Systematicity in Negation in the Era of In-Context Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164898613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2606.16867","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16867","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.16867","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.16867","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045824013","display_name":"Hitomi Yanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-6116","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-6116"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanaka, Hitomi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138752899","display_name":"Taisei Yamamoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110652","display_name":"RIKEN","ror":"https://ror.org/01sjwvz98","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yamamoto, Taisei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riken ,","The University of Tokyo ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riken ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.6699000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.6699000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.22280000150203705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.08370000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"negation","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-context-learning","display_name":"in-context learning","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-sentences","display_name":"negative sentences","score":0.6069999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.9456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.692300021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6728000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6279000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983448237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Language understanding","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2606.16867","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16867","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.16867","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.16867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2606.16867","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16867","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.16867","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164898613.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164898613.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385893872","https://openalex.org/W4385718075","https://openalex.org/W7160433314","https://openalex.org/W4416099782","https://openalex.org/W4416034373","https://openalex.org/W7221035693","https://openalex.org/W4401656361","https://openalex.org/W4389520812","https://openalex.org/W7166837099","https://openalex.org/W4415109432"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"the":[1,9,16,71,74,83,91],"meaning":[2],"of":[3,8,18,29,73],"negated":[4],"sentences":[5,58],"remains":[6],"one":[7],"challenges":[10],"for":[11,78,104,122,130],"language":[12,20],"models,":[13],"even":[14],"in":[15],"era":[17],"large":[19],"models":[21,79],"(LLMs).":[22],"We":[23],"analyze":[24,90],"systematicity":[25,35],"regarding":[26],"LLM":[27],"understanding":[28,110],"negation":[30,53,75,123],"from":[31,101],"two":[32],"perspectives:":[33],"behavioral":[34,40],"and":[36,47,55],"representational":[37,87],"systematicity.":[38],"For":[39,86],"systematicity,":[41,88],"we":[42,89],"confirm":[43],"that":[44,106,115],"through":[45],"demonstrations":[46],"in-context":[48,102],"learning,":[49],"LLMs":[50],"can":[51,97,119],"recognize":[52],"expressions":[54],"scope":[56,76,132],"within":[57],"to":[59,65,93,109],"some":[60],"extent,":[61],"but":[62],"they":[63],"fail":[64],"achieve":[66],"perfect":[67],"performance.":[68],"In":[69],"particular,":[70],"difficulty":[72],"recognition":[77],"varies":[80],"depending":[81],"on":[82],"output":[84],"format.":[85],"extent":[92],"which":[94],"function":[95,117,128],"vectors":[96,118,129],"be":[98,120],"robustly":[99],"constructed":[100],"examples":[103],"tasks":[105],"are":[107],"essential":[108],"negation.":[111],"The":[112],"experiments":[113],"suggest":[114],"while":[116],"composed":[121],"cue":[124],"extraction":[125],"tasks,":[126],"extracting":[127],"recognizing":[131],"is":[133],"more":[134],"challenging.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-06-17T00:00:00"}