{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164584124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","title":"Editorial: New drugs and future challenges in drug metabolism and transport","display_name":"Editorial: New drugs and future challenges in drug metabolism and transport","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164584124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42367304","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13305173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070085979","display_name":"Maja \u0110ani\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7785-0666","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7785-0666"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maja \u0110ani\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004375105","display_name":"Charles Oo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-6425","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-6425"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Oo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunlife Biopharma"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunlife Biopharma","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138522141","display_name":"Xue Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405283994","display_name":"TYK Medicines, Inc.","ror":"https://ror.org/02pz3ch87","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405283994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Formulation, TYK Medicines, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Formulation, TYK Medicines, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405283994"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026540507","display_name":"Momir Mikov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-0624","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-0624"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173887773","display_name":"University of Banja Luka","ror":"https://ror.org/0282m7c06","country_code":"BA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173887773"]}],"countries":["BA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Momir Mikov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173887773"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070085979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1851508","last_page":"1851508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.8804000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.8804000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.11779999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10256","display_name":"Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-metabolism","display_name":"drug metabolism","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-transport","display_name":"drug transport","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adme","display_name":"ADME","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450","display_name":"cytochrome P450","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-metabolizing-enzymes","display_name":"drug-metabolizing enzymes","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-transporters","display_name":"membrane transporters","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prodrugs","display_name":"prodrugs","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-solubility-and-permeability","display_name":"drug solubility and permeability","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-individual-variability","display_name":"interindividual variability","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology-in-drug-delivery","display_name":"nanotechnology drug delivery","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physiologically-based-pharmacokinetic-model","display_name":"physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qsar","display_name":"QSAR","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-pharmacotherapy","display_name":"individualized drug therapy","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-development-regulation","display_name":"drug development regulation","score":0.48500001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.7251999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.661300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89311334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124842","display_name":"Drug metabolism","level":3,"score":0.6568999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108215921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603741","display_name":"Prodrug","level":2,"score":0.5924999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526171541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407693","display_name":"Cytochrome P450","level":3,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86380466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308872","display_name":"Drug action","level":3,"score":0.4408000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200082930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22327148","display_name":"Efflux","level":2,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97320921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718753","display_name":"Drug interaction","level":3,"score":0.3345000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64903051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2198549","display_name":"Drug development","level":3,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149011108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985","display_name":"Transporter","level":3,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62231903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057","display_name":"Metabolism","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126511603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261145","display_name":"Targeted drug delivery","level":3,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776120743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271540","display_name":"Mechanism of action","level":3,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780497538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192006","display_name":"Detoxification (alternative medicine)","level":3,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192989942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68685","display_name":"Metabolic pathway","level":3,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63433958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774688","display_name":"Clinical pharmacology","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13305173","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13305173/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13305173/pdf/fphar-17-1851508.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Pharmacol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42367304","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42367304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in pharmacology","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:718587c966134e08bd85908563b0860c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/718587c966134e08bd85908563b0860c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1851508/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164584124.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164584124.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087063957","https://openalex.org/W2529668625","https://openalex.org/W2554773181","https://openalex.org/W2740454564","https://openalex.org/W3109746568","https://openalex.org/W4213391889","https://openalex.org/W4389547140","https://openalex.org/W4390788771","https://openalex.org/W4391160409","https://openalex.org/W4405114979","https://openalex.org/W4407808935","https://openalex.org/W4408997612"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978862031","https://openalex.org/W7167512877","https://openalex.org/W2524061748","https://openalex.org/W4291994076","https://openalex.org/W744917132","https://openalex.org/W3160375828","https://openalex.org/W4220991441","https://openalex.org/W2161637796","https://openalex.org/W57369924","https://openalex.org/W7096694560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Drug":[0],"metabolism":[1,150,240,347,446,623,727,751],"and":[2,11,22,33,39,58,72,86,95,128,144,151,175,210,241,259,272,285,297,312,333,349,355,379,408,423,429,439,447,465,480,486,496,506,522,535,553,562,574,593,611,624,645,673,704,720,728,738,744,752,774,801,804],"transport":[3,152,708,729,753],"are":[4,509],"fundamental":[5],"determinants":[6],"of":[7,13,31,42,53,66,78,93,114,148,160,234,247,256,345,353,383,398,417,436,459,478,517,549,578,596,621,629,676,681,690,694,706,718,725,742,755,815],"the":[8,29,40,46,51,64,91,103,112,136,204,207,211,232,245,306,351,381,421,434,456,475,514,542,568,594,630,657,711,715,740,779,788],"pharmacokinetics,":[9,401],"efficacy,":[10],"safety":[12],"therapeutic":[14,37,116,263,358,410,467,497,537,581,764],"agents.":[15,359],"The":[16,583,679],"processes":[17],"governing":[18],"absorption,":[19,641],"distribution,":[20,703],"metabolism,":[21,187,400],"excretion":[23],"(ADME)":[24],"define":[25],"drug":[26,106,149,164,173,220,239,257,274,282,310,315,318,346,372,377,399,405,445,572,602,622,726,747],"exposure":[27,174],"at":[28],"site":[30],"action":[32],"strongly":[34],"influence":[35],"both":[36],"response":[38,176,264],"occurrence":[41],"adverse":[43],"effects.":[44],"Over":[45],"past":[47],"decades,":[48],"advances":[49,266,426],"in":[50,142,145,171,177,262,267,362,371,376,388,420,427,444,469,557,580,586,601,635,662,746,783],"understanding":[52,344,620,739],"metabolic":[54,772],"enzymes,":[55,81,88],"membrane":[56],"transporters,":[57,97],"regulatory":[59,139],"pathways":[60,773],"have":[61,110,153,276],"significantly":[62,566],"improved":[63,131,545,567],"design":[65,316],"drugs":[67,438],"with":[68,90,130,714,762],"optimized":[69],"pharmacokinetic":[70,124,161,294,518,591,607,627,672,716],"properties":[71],"better":[73],"clinical":[74,198,334,554],"performance":[75],"(1)(2)(3).The":[76],"identification":[77,595],"key":[79],"drug-metabolizing":[80],"including":[82,291,484],"cytochrome":[83],"P450":[84],"isoforms":[85],"conjugating":[87],"together":[89,615],"characterization":[92,592],"uptake":[94],"efflux":[96],"has":[98,228,250,303,565],"provided":[99],"important":[100,254,512],"insights":[101],"into":[102],"mechanisms":[104],"controlling":[105],"disposition.":[107,748],"These":[108,525],"findings":[109,552],"enabled":[111],"development":[113,319,352,435],"new":[115,278,437],"strategies,":[117],"such":[118,202,503],"as":[119,203,252,504,796],"prodrugs":[120],"designed":[121,490],"to":[122,191,215,231,308,433,440,491,570,575],"overcome":[123],"limitations,":[125],"transporter-targeted":[126],"therapies,":[127],"compounds":[129,180,684],"tissue":[132,494,702],"selectivity":[133],"(4)(5)(6).":[134],"At":[135],"same":[137],"time,":[138],"guidelines":[140],"for":[141,219,280,340,367,513,544,599,670,733],"vitro":[143],"vivo":[146],"studies":[147,386,473,584],"evolved,":[154],"facilitating":[155],"a":[156,322,341,617,646,666,758,797,812],"more":[157,342,356,532,618],"systematic":[158],"evaluation":[159,516,717],"behavior":[162,311],"during":[163],"development.Despite":[165],"these":[166,337,392],"advances,":[167],"substantial":[168],"challenges":[169,443,712],"remain":[170],"predicting":[172],"humans.":[178],"Many":[179],"exhibit":[181],"poor":[182],"solubility,":[183],"limited":[184,642],"permeability,":[185,793],"extensive":[186],"or":[188],"insufficient":[189],"distribution":[190,287],"target":[192],"tissues,":[193],"which":[194],"may":[195,685],"compromise":[196],"their":[197],"efficacy.":[199],"Biological":[200],"barriers":[201],"intestinal":[205,792],"epithelium,":[206],"blood-brain":[208],"barrier,":[209],"tumor":[212],"microenvironment":[213],"continue":[214],"represent":[216],"significant":[217],"obstacles":[218],"delivery":[221,270,406,461,482],"(7,8).":[222],"In":[223,499,655,786],"recent":[224],"years,":[225],"increasing":[226,457],"attention":[227],"been":[229],"given":[230],"role":[233,741],"previously":[235],"underappreciated":[236],"factors":[237,597],"influencing":[238],"transport.":[242],"Among":[243],"these,":[244],"contribution":[246],"gut":[248],"microbiota":[249],"emerged":[251],"an":[253,415,528],"determinant":[255],"biotransformation":[258],"interindividual":[260],"variability":[261,375,579,600],"(9,10).Similarly,":[265],"nanotechnology,":[268],"biomimetic":[269,479],"systems,":[271,407,483],"targeted":[273],"carriers":[275],"opened":[277],"possibilities":[279],"improving":[281],"stability,":[283],"bioavailability,":[284,493,644],"tissue-specific":[286],"(4,11).":[288],"Computational":[289],"modeling,":[290,332,464],"physiologically":[292],"based":[293],"(PBPK)":[295],"approaches":[296,338,468,502,614],"quantitative":[298],"structure-activity":[299],"relationship":[300],"(QSAR)":[301],"methods,":[302],"further":[304,454,653],"enhanced":[305],"ability":[307,569],"predict":[309],"support":[313],"rational":[314],"(12).Modern":[317],"therefore":[320],"requires":[321],"multidisciplinary":[323],"approach":[324],"that":[325,776],"integrates":[326],"experimental":[327,428,551,558],"pharmacology,":[328,559],"analytical":[329,560,668],"chemistry,":[330],"computational":[331,430,501,563],"investigation.":[335],"Combining":[336],"allows":[339],"comprehensive":[343,619,750],"networks":[348],"supports":[350],"safer":[354],"effective":[357],"Continuous":[360],"progress":[361,556],"this":[363,389,451,587,663],"field":[364,422],"is":[365,730,778],"essential":[366,732],"overcoming":[368],"current":[369,418],"limitations":[370],"delivery,":[373],"reducing":[374],"response,":[378],"enabling":[380],"implementation":[382],"personalized":[384,466],"pharmacotherapy.The":[385],"discussed":[387],"work":[390],"reflect":[391,527],"ongoing":[393,529],"efforts,":[394],"covering":[395],"diverse":[396],"aspects":[397],"transporter":[402],"function,":[403],"novel":[404,631,759],"innovative":[409],"strategies.":[411],"Together,":[412],"they":[413],"provide":[414,616],"overview":[416],"directions":[419],"illustrate":[424,455],"how":[425,605],"methodologies":[431],"contribute":[432],"addressing":[441],"future":[442,671],"transport.Recent":[448],"contributions":[449],"within":[450],"Research":[452],"Topic":[453],"integration":[458],"advanced":[460],"technologies,":[462],"predictive":[463,612],"contemporary":[470],"pharmacology.":[471],"Several":[472],"emphasize":[474],"growing":[476],"relevance":[477],"multifunctional":[481],"nanocarriers":[485],"extracellular":[487],"vesicle-based":[488],"platforms,":[489],"improve":[492],"selectivity,":[495],"precision.":[498],"parallel,":[500],"QSAR":[505],"PBPK":[507],"modeling":[508,564,613],"becoming":[510],"increasingly":[511],"early":[515],"behavior,":[519],"interaction":[520],"potential,":[521],"formulation":[523],"optimization.":[524],"developments":[526],"transition":[530],"toward":[531],"mechanistically":[533],"guided":[534],"individualized":[536],"strategies":[538],"while":[539],"also":[540,731],"highlighting":[541],"need":[543],"translational":[546,674],"models":[547],"capable":[548],"bridging":[550],"application.Recent":[555],"techniques,":[561],"characterize":[571],"disposition":[573],"identify":[576],"sources":[577],"response.":[582],"included":[585],"section":[588],"focus":[589],"on":[590,766,807],"responsible":[598],"disposition,":[603],"illustrating":[604,710],"classical":[606],"investigations,":[608],"microbiota-related":[609],"research,":[610],"transport.A":[625],"preclinical":[626],"study":[628,664,754],"antiepileptic":[632],"candidate":[633],"Q808":[634],"rhesus":[636],"monkeys":[637],"demonstrated":[638,775],"moderate":[639],"oral":[640],"absolute":[643],"relatively":[647],"long":[648],"elimination":[649],"half-life,":[650],"supporting":[651],"its":[652,784],"development.":[654],"addition,":[656,787],"validated":[658],"LC-MS/MS":[659],"method":[660],"established":[661],"provides":[665],"useful":[667],"tool":[669],"investigations":[675],"Q808.":[677],"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1433043/full":[678],"pharmacokinetics":[680],"complex":[682],"biological":[683],"differ":[686],"substantially":[687],"from":[688],"those":[689],"small":[691],"molecules.":[692],"Investigation":[693],"Glycyrrhiza":[695],"uralensis":[696],"polysaccharides":[697],"revealed":[698],"biphasic":[699],"elimination,":[700],"wide":[701],"evidence":[705],"active":[707],"mechanisms,":[709],"associated":[713],"macromolecular":[719],"natural":[721],"products.":[722],"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1431221/full":[723],"Characterization":[724],"identifying":[734],"potential":[735,798],"drug-drug":[736,818],"interactions":[737],"enzymes":[743],"transporters":[745],"A":[749],"deglycosylated":[756],"azithromycin,":[757],"transgelin":[760],"agonist":[761],"positive":[763],"effects":[765,806],"slow":[767],"transit":[768],"constipation,":[769],"identified":[770,795],"multiple":[771],"CYP3A4":[777],"primary":[780],"enzyme":[781],"involved":[782],"biotransformation.":[785],"compound":[789],"showed":[790],"low":[791],"was":[794],"P-glycoprotein":[799],"substrate,":[800],"exhibited":[802],"inhibitory":[803],"inductive":[805],"several":[808],"CYP":[809],"isoforms,":[810],"indicating":[811],"possible":[813],"risk":[814],"clinically":[816],"relevant":[817],"interactions.":[819]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-06-13T00:00:00"}