{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164372189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","title":"Factors affecting bilinguals\u2019 language choice in communication: The case of the Khmer ethnic minority in multilingual Vietnam","display_name":"Factors affecting bilinguals\u2019 language choice in communication: The case of the Khmer ethnic minority in multilingual Vietnam","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164372189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31893/multiscience.2026739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","pdf_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/msj/article/download/13694/6723","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191509","display_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","issn_l":"2675-1240","issn":["2675-1240"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/msj/article/download/13694/6723","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022387402","display_name":"Quoc Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0432-1488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0432-1488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47807185","display_name":"Saigon University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1fsr30","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47807185"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Quoc Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0432-1488","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47807185"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022387402"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47807185"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.2838,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98885964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"11","first_page":"2026739","last_page":"2026739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.027300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12658","display_name":"Language and Culture","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-choice","display_name":"language choice","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilingualism","display_name":"bilingualism","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnolinguistic-identity","display_name":"ethnolinguistic identity","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-shift","display_name":"language shift","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-maintenance","display_name":"language maintenance","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-attitudes","display_name":"language attitudes","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-proficiency","display_name":"language proficiency","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diglossia","display_name":"diglossia","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mekong-delta","display_name":"Mekong Delta","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-minorities-in-vietnam","display_name":"ethnic minorities in Vietnam","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-preservation","display_name":"cultural preservation","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103621254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9199","display_name":"Vietnamese","level":2,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.6417999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556340858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334451","display_name":"Language policy","level":2,"score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39323472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q266961","display_name":"Language shift","level":2,"score":0.5005000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.47360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49876356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002651","display_name":"Neuroscience of multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504331141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59203","display_name":"Diglossia","level":3,"score":0.45980000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.43050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171041071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36870","display_name":"First language","level":2,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28519872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160845","display_name":"Sociolinguistics","level":2,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.35920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61566","display_name":"Minority language","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777319359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664444","display_name":"Local language","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166007726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4536542","display_name":"Language assessment","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781281093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329499","display_name":"Language planning","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27399998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4661594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19860","display_name":"Indo-European languages","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71760877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368367","display_name":"Cultural identity","level":3,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31893/multiscience.2026739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","pdf_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/msj/article/download/13694/6723","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191509","display_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","issn_l":"2675-1240","issn":["2675-1240"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31893/multiscience.2026739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026739","pdf_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/msj/article/download/13694/6723","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191509","display_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","issn_l":"2675-1240","issn":["2675-1240"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5676000118255615}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164372189.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164372189.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026997813","https://openalex.org/W2048173277","https://openalex.org/W2084543186","https://openalex.org/W2092934857","https://openalex.org/W2124677699","https://openalex.org/W2156972453","https://openalex.org/W2468017543","https://openalex.org/W2483374669","https://openalex.org/W2488828103","https://openalex.org/W2497969676","https://openalex.org/W2765659056","https://openalex.org/W2883961538","https://openalex.org/W2942423470","https://openalex.org/W2946940662","https://openalex.org/W2993944223","https://openalex.org/W3022292181","https://openalex.org/W4205519357","https://openalex.org/W4210661153","https://openalex.org/W4226339870","https://openalex.org/W4237331153","https://openalex.org/W4376475216","https://openalex.org/W4383955312","https://openalex.org/W4388243582","https://openalex.org/W4406067802","https://openalex.org/W4408260884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168044252","https://openalex.org/W7214749554","https://openalex.org/W7208708009","https://openalex.org/W2790566471","https://openalex.org/W7220843619","https://openalex.org/W7154905456","https://openalex.org/W7166816583","https://openalex.org/W2739824771","https://openalex.org/W3134685984","https://openalex.org/W7131632571"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,21,27,36,46,66,74,85,93,98,142,168,222,232,238,248],"rapidly":[2],"evolving":[3],"sociolinguistic":[4,9],"landscape":[5],"of":[6,23,39,49,58,68,87,120,141,225,241,250],"multilingual":[7],"Vietnam,":[8],"outcomes":[10],"for":[11,29,92,139,221,231,247],"ethnic":[12,50,95],"minorities":[13],"are":[14],"framed":[15],"by":[16],"a":[17,55,61,78,112,117,192],"persistent":[18],"tension":[19],"between":[20],"imperatives":[22],"national":[24,75],"integration":[25],"and":[26,162,202],"desire":[28],"cultural":[30,152],"preservation.":[31],"Amidst":[32],"growing":[33],"concerns":[34],"regarding":[35],"accelerating":[37],"rate":[38],"language":[40,47,90,157,163,226,242,252],"shift,":[41],"this":[42,82],"paper":[43],"argues":[44],"that":[45,64,230],"choice":[48,91],"minority":[51,96],"bilinguals":[52],"is":[53,197],"not":[54],"random":[56],"act":[57],"alternation":[59],"but":[60],"structured":[62],"behavior":[63],"negotiates":[65],"maintenance":[67],"ethnolinguistic":[69,235],"identity":[70,153,236],"against":[71],"adaptation":[72],"to":[73,216],"majority.":[76],"Addressing":[77],"critical":[79,245],"empirical":[80],"gap,":[81],"study":[83],"examines":[84],"hierarchy":[86,148],"factors":[88,182],"shaping":[89],"Khmer":[94,196,233],"in":[97,199,254],"Mekong":[99],"Delta":[100],"region,":[101],"questioning":[102],"whether":[103],"pragmatic,":[104],"economic":[105,184],"pressures":[106],"outweigh":[107],"internal,":[108],"identity-based":[109],"motivations.":[110],"Employing":[111],"mixed-methods":[113],"approach,":[114],"we":[115],"analyzed":[116],"quantitative":[118,219],"survey":[119],"508":[121],"bilingual":[122],"participants,":[123],"triangulated":[124],"with":[125],"eight":[126],"qualitative":[127],"in-depth":[128],"interviews.":[129],"The":[130],"resulting":[131],"regression":[132],"model":[133],"demonstrated":[134],"exceptional":[135],"explanatory":[136],"power,":[137],"accounting":[138],"87.0%":[140],"variance":[143],"(Adjusted":[144],"R2=.870).":[145],"A":[146],"distinct":[147],"emerged:":[149],"internal":[150,173],"factors\u2014specifically":[151],"(\u03b2":[154,159,165,186],"=":[155,160,166,187],"0.254),":[156],"proficiency":[158],"0.212),":[161],"attitudes":[164],"0.181)\u2014were":[167],"dominant":[169],"drivers.":[170],"Crucially,":[171],"these":[172],"motivators":[174],"proved":[175],"significantly":[176],"more":[177],"influential":[178],"than":[179],"external,":[180],"pragmatic":[181],"like":[183],"opportunities":[185],"0.154).":[188],"Additionally,":[189],"findings":[190],"confirm":[191],"diglossic":[193],"reality":[194],"where":[195],"prioritized":[198],"informal":[200],"family":[201],"religious":[203],"domains":[204],"while":[205],"Vietnamese":[206],"dominates":[207],"formal":[208],"administration.":[209],"This":[210],"research":[211],"moves":[212],"beyond":[213],"methodological":[214],"testing":[215],"provide":[217],"robust":[218],"evidence":[220],"social":[223],"dynamics":[224],"loyalty.":[227],"It":[228],"demonstrates":[229],"community,":[234],"remains":[237],"core":[239],"predictor":[240],"use,":[243],"offering":[244],"implications":[246],"development":[249],"sustainable":[251],"policy":[253],"Vietnam.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-06-12T00:00:00"}