{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164311684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","title":"Pixel level anomaly detection in second harmonic generation microscopy for non destructive defect inspection of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures","display_name":"Pixel level anomaly detection in second harmonic generation microscopy for non destructive defect inspection of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164311684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42274852","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13260511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387288106","display_name":"Discover Nano","issn_l":"2731-9229","issn":["2731-9229"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Nano","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7164311684"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037833453","display_name":"Chen\u2010Fang Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9447-2129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9447-2129"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Fang Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128098060","display_name":"Chih-Chang Hung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4798-8146","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4798-8146"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Chang Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bolite Co., Ltd, Zhubei, Hsinchu County, 305042, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bolite Co., Ltd, Zhubei, Hsinchu County, 305042, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138456428","display_name":"Che-Hsuan Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Che-Hsuan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["LEDA Creative technology LTD, Taoyuan, 320016, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LEDA Creative technology LTD, Taoyuan, 320016, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043340168","display_name":"T.X. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4506-7013","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4506-7013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting-Chuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013687351","display_name":"Wu\u2010Yih Uen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-9016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-9016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu-Yih Uen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136180902","display_name":"Ching Hsueh Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7001-9222","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7001-9222"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Hsueh Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan. jimmychiu@cycu.edu.tw","Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan. jimmychiu@cycu.edu.tw"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan. jimmychiu@cycu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan. jimmychiu@cycu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136180902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"],"apc_list":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"apc_paid":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.5145999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.5145999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.46560001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-harmonic-generation-microscopy","display_name":"second harmonic generation microscopy","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel-level-anomaly-detection","display_name":"pixel-level anomaly detection","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algan-gan-heterostructures","display_name":"AlGaN/GaN heterostructures","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defect-detection","display_name":"defect detection","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/si-111-substrate","display_name":"Si(111) substrate","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-anomaly-detection","display_name":"semi-supervised anomaly detection","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion-symmetry-breaking","display_name":"inversion symmetry breaking","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-order-nonlinear-susceptibility","display_name":"second-order nonlinear susceptibility","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-destructive-inspection","display_name":"non-destructive inspection","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystal-defects","display_name":"crystal defects","score":0.6700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30713254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455635","display_name":"Second-harmonic generation","level":3,"score":0.6315000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139861200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369794","display_name":"Cathodoluminescence","level":3,"score":0.5863999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5307000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5297999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4616999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77017923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912313","display_name":"Optical microscope","level":3,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67649825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196538","display_name":"Microscope","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78854221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","level":3,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164323173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092959","display_name":"Second-harmonic imaging microscopy","level":4,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387288106","display_name":"Discover Nano","issn_l":"2731-9229","issn":["2731-9229"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Nano","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42274852","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42274852","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover nano","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13260511","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13260511/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discov Nano","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:60e828179a30479798340c5e64f87b1d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/60e828179a30479798340c5e64f87b1d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Nano, Vol 21, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04717-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387288106","display_name":"Discover Nano","issn_l":"2731-9229","issn":["2731-9229"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Nano","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164311684.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164311684.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491940380","https://openalex.org/W1988215800","https://openalex.org/W1994167519","https://openalex.org/W2037730566","https://openalex.org/W2055859057","https://openalex.org/W2062820365","https://openalex.org/W2066568155","https://openalex.org/W2072460817","https://openalex.org/W2083462821","https://openalex.org/W2119313459","https://openalex.org/W2160833768","https://openalex.org/W2298613382","https://openalex.org/W2322436674","https://openalex.org/W2481051419","https://openalex.org/W2561175016","https://openalex.org/W2747937810","https://openalex.org/W2754301131","https://openalex.org/W2790765972","https://openalex.org/W2977688976","https://openalex.org/W3033828852","https://openalex.org/W3045761177","https://openalex.org/W4308457292","https://openalex.org/W4317467569","https://openalex.org/W4390508956","https://openalex.org/W4400847526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400146305","https://openalex.org/W4407304879","https://openalex.org/W7071428527","https://openalex.org/W2038254995","https://openalex.org/W4410987544","https://openalex.org/W4392718168","https://openalex.org/W2992357231","https://openalex.org/W2462858879","https://openalex.org/W2625545191"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"this":[2],"study,":[3],"we":[4],"present":[5],"a":[6,51,62,144,171,179],"semi-supervised":[7],"inspection":[8,176],"framework":[9,169],"that":[10,149],"integrates":[11],"second":[12],"harmonic":[13],"generation":[14],"(SHG)":[15],"microscopy":[16,162],"with":[17,79,133,163],"pixel-level":[18,164],"anomaly":[19,165],"detection":[20,130],"(PLAD)":[21],"for":[22,66,174,182],"high-sensitivity":[23],"defect":[24,72,85,184],"mapping":[25],"in":[26,55,189],"AlGaN/GaN":[27,190],"heterostructures":[28],"grown":[29],"on":[30],"Si":[31],"(111).":[32],"SHG":[33],"is":[34],"intrinsically":[35],"sensitive":[36],"to":[37,88,115,153],"local":[38],"inversion":[39],"symmetry":[40],"breaking":[41],"and":[42,96,117,129,177,186],"modulation":[43],"of":[44,147],"the":[45,56,99,167],"effective":[46],"second-order":[47],"nonlinear":[48,57,160],"susceptibility.":[49],"As":[50],"result,":[52],"spatial":[53,127],"variations":[54],"optical":[58,161],"response":[59],"serve":[60],"as":[61,94],"physical":[63],"contrast":[64],"mechanism":[65],"detecting":[67],"structural":[68],"inhomogeneities.":[69],"The":[70],"SHG-derived":[71],"features":[73],"are":[74,150],"further":[75],"supported":[76],"by":[77],"correlation":[78],"cathodoluminescence":[80],"(CL)":[81],"based":[82],"R":[83],"DE/NBE":[84],"metrics.":[86],"Complementary":[87],"conventional":[89],"supervised":[90],"object-centric":[91],"detectors":[92],"such":[93],"YOLOv8":[95],"Mask":[97],"R-CNN,":[98],"PLAD":[100],"approach":[101,181],"statistically":[102],"models":[103],"nominal":[104],"lattice":[105],"patterns":[106],"without":[107],"manual":[108],"annotations.":[109],"This":[110],"strategy":[111,173],"enables":[112],"improved":[113,126],"sensitivity":[114,131],"weak":[116],"spatially":[118],"diffuse":[119],"crystalline":[120,183],"irregularities.":[121],"Quantitative":[122],"evaluation":[123],"demonstrates":[124],"substantially":[125],"overlap":[128],"compared":[132],"object-based":[134],"models,":[135],"resolving":[136],"more":[137],"than":[138],"5,000":[139],"micron-scale":[140],"defect-affected":[141],"regions":[142],"within":[143],"single":[145],"field":[146],"view":[148],"largely":[151],"inaccessible":[152],"bounding-box":[154],"or":[155],"mask-based":[156],"architectures.":[157],"By":[158],"bridging":[159],"modeling,":[166],"SHG-PLAD":[168],"provides":[170],"non-contact":[172],"defect-sensitive":[175],"offers":[178],"useful":[180],"characterization":[185],"quality":[187],"assessment":[188],"heterostructures.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-06-12T00:00:00"}
