{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163194883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","title":"Clove oil nanoemulsion as a novel therapeutic strategy against Streptococcus mutans -induced dental caries and periodontitis","display_name":"Clove oil nanoemulsion as a novel therapeutic strategy against Streptococcus mutans -induced dental caries and periodontitis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163194883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42228993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205999849","display_name":"Natural Product Research","issn_l":"1478-6419","issn":["1478-6419","1478-6427"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Product Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018162268","display_name":"Atrayee Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-6863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-6863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atrayee Das Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Debasmita Ghosal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debasmita Ghosal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137651298","display_name":"Debraj Ghosh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debraj Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071660827","display_name":"Shatabdi Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-7618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-7618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282785","display_name":"Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women's College","ror":"https://ror.org/00erbtd26","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282785"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shatabdi Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Raja NarendraLal Khan Women\u2019s College (Autonomous)","Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Raja NarendraLal Khan Women\u2019s College (Autonomous)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282785"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137686568","display_name":"Vishakha Kumari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishakha Kumari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031893046","display_name":"Arnab Ganguli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-027X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-027X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnab Ganguli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137626773","display_name":"Saikat Deb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saikat Deb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048947510","display_name":"Srikanta Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8962-8213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8962-8213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288043984","display_name":"Techno India University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v1y6t69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srikanta Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Techno India University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Techno India University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018162268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288043984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clove-oil","display_name":"clove oil","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoemulsions","display_name":"nanoemulsions","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-mutans","display_name":"Streptococcus mutans","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries","display_name":"dental caries","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontitis","display_name":"periodontitis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofilm-inhibition","display_name":"biofilm inhibition","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactobacillus-acidophilus","display_name":"Lactobacillus acidophilus","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-albicans","display_name":"Candida albicans","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-polymeric-substances","display_name":"extracellular polymeric substances","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-surface-hydrophobicity","display_name":"cell surface hydrophobicity","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acid-tolerance","display_name":"acid resistance","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-peroxidation","display_name":"lipid peroxidation","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-bacterial-infections","display_name":"oral bacterial infections","score":0.7260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7017999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520127","display_name":"Periodontitis","level":2,"score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170885","display_name":"Essential oil","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673083","display_name":"Gingivitis","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778430296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131452","display_name":"Streptococcus mutans","level":3,"score":0.22609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58747440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059860","display_name":"Gingival and periodontal pocket","level":3,"score":0.22139999270439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102652120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2419430","display_name":"Therapeutic effect","level":2,"score":0.20479999482631683}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2680079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205999849","display_name":"Natural Product Research","issn_l":"1478-6419","issn":["1478-6419","1478-6427"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Product Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42228993","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42228993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural product research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1867705819","https://openalex.org/W2057847328","https://openalex.org/W2087304748","https://openalex.org/W2137576925","https://openalex.org/W2154818633","https://openalex.org/W2279029296","https://openalex.org/W2555269779","https://openalex.org/W2599029674","https://openalex.org/W2620579620","https://openalex.org/W2765604736","https://openalex.org/W2771101498","https://openalex.org/W2778090425","https://openalex.org/W2897037806","https://openalex.org/W2938373565","https://openalex.org/W2960533057","https://openalex.org/W2964512159","https://openalex.org/W2975557140","https://openalex.org/W3020886508","https://openalex.org/W3034560629","https://openalex.org/W3048524471","https://openalex.org/W3049628759","https://openalex.org/W3081351409","https://openalex.org/W3088433896","https://openalex.org/W3117016338","https://openalex.org/W3196279060","https://openalex.org/W4214928681","https://openalex.org/W4311747004","https://openalex.org/W4381430247","https://openalex.org/W4387999668","https://openalex.org/W4391787446","https://openalex.org/W4399850304","https://openalex.org/W4405476806","https://openalex.org/W4407356920","https://openalex.org/W4411711099","https://openalex.org/W4416202052","https://openalex.org/W4417290103"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7213545830","https://openalex.org/W2015275414","https://openalex.org/W4406039452","https://openalex.org/W3183523068","https://openalex.org/W3089242786","https://openalex.org/W4353066292","https://openalex.org/W3049301802","https://openalex.org/W2044377661","https://openalex.org/W3136196584","https://openalex.org/W4415832723"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"present":[1],"study":[2],"investigates":[3],"clove":[4],"oil":[5],"nanoemulsion":[6,29],"(CONE)":[7],"as":[8],"a":[9,27,31,41,53,61,70,96,180],"novel":[10],"therapeutic":[11],"strategy":[12],"against":[13,104],"Streptococcus":[14],"mutans-induced":[15],"dental":[16],"caries":[17],"and":[18,40,69,91,110,131,140,153],"periodontitis.":[19],"CONE":[20,82,117,145,178],"was":[21,102],"formulated":[22],"via":[23],"ultrasonic":[24],"emulsification,":[25],"yielding":[26],"stable":[28],"with":[30,52,95,172],"mean":[32],"droplet":[33],"size":[34],"of":[35,44,58,66],"44":[36],"\u00b1":[37],"3.8":[38],"nm":[39],"polydispersity":[42],"index":[43],"0.539.":[45],"It":[46,134,164],"exhibited":[47],"potent,":[48],"dose-dependent":[49],"antibacterial":[50,168],"activity":[51],"minimum":[54,62],"inhibitory":[55],"concentration":[56,64],"(MIC)":[57],"0.4":[59],"mg/mL,":[60,68],"bactericidal":[63],"(MBC)":[65],"0.5":[67],"25":[71],"mm":[72],"inhibition":[73],"zone":[74],"at":[75],"MIC":[76],"in":[77],"an":[78],"agar":[79],"diffusion":[80],"assay.":[81],"significantly":[83],"inhibited":[84,132],"S.":[85],"mutans":[86],"biofilm":[87],"formation":[88],"by":[89],"82%":[90],"disrupted":[92],"established":[93],"biofilms":[94,106],"63%":[97],"biomass":[98],"reduction.":[99],"Additionally,":[100],"it":[101],"effective":[103],"co-species":[105],"comprising":[107],"Lactobacillus":[108],"acidophilus":[109],"Candida":[111],"albicans.":[112],"Mechanistic":[113],"studies":[114],"revealed":[115],"that":[116,177],"decreased":[118],"extracellular":[119],"polymeric":[120],"substance":[121],"production,":[122],"reduced":[123],"cell":[124],"surface":[125],"hydrophobicity":[126],"(from":[127],"72%":[128],"to":[129,150,160],"34%),":[130],"self-aggregation.":[133],"also":[135,165],"suppressed":[136],"glycolytic":[137],"acid":[138,142],"production":[139],"compromised":[141],"tolerance.":[143],"Furthermore,":[144],"induced":[146],"oxidative":[147],"stress,":[148],"leading":[149],"lipid":[151],"peroxidation":[152],"membrane":[154],"damage,":[155],"while":[156],"exhibiting":[157],"minimal":[158],"cytotoxicity":[159],"human":[161],"oral":[162,186],"cells.":[163],"showed":[166],"enhanced":[167],"effects":[169],"when":[170],"combined":[171],"amoxicillin.":[173],"These":[174],"findings":[175],"indicate":[176],"is":[179],"promising":[181],"alternative":[182],"therapy":[183],"for":[184],"treating":[185],"bacterial":[187],"infections.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-09T09:14:12.587421","created_date":"2026-06-03T00:00:00"}