{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163076216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","title":"The State of the Art and the Future of Precision Medicine: A Comprehensive Literature Review","display_name":"The State of the Art and the Future of Precision Medicine: A Comprehensive Literature Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163076216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.59707/hymryawo7926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","pdf_url":"https://hymr.highyieldmed.org/index.php/HYMR/article/download/60/130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291524","display_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","issn_l":"2960-1630","issn":["2960-1630"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://hymr.highyieldmed.org/index.php/HYMR/article/download/60/130","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039037770","display_name":"Mohammad Abu\u2010Jeyyab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-6569","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-6569"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Abu-Jeyyab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-6569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137546017","display_name":"Sondos Dahoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-7969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-7969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21173400","display_name":"Mutah University","ror":"https://ror.org/008g9ns82","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sondos Dahoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-7969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137575068","display_name":"Angelica Habash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0778-2897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0778-2897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelica Habash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0778-2897","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093619644","display_name":"Batool Qura\u2019an","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-2482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-2482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21173400","display_name":"Mutah University","ror":"https://ror.org/008g9ns82","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Batool Qura\u2019an","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-2482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043428037","display_name":"Mohammad Al-Jafari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-8451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-8451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21173400","display_name":"Mutah University","ror":"https://ror.org/008g9ns82","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Al-Jafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-8451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059637734","display_name":"Mohammad Al Mse\u2019adeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-5693","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-5693"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Al Mse`adeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of general surgery, Jordanian Royal Services, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of general surgery, Jordanian Royal Services, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120440576","display_name":"Basel Elqadah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basel Elqadah","raw_affiliation_strings":["1-\tDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan. 6-\tDepartment of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1-\tDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan. 6-\tDepartment of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030255791","display_name":"Anas Hamdan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-2916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-2916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anas Hamdan","raw_affiliation_strings":["1- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan .2-Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan .2-Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137559475","display_name":"Enas Allauzy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enas Allauzy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003504464","display_name":"Gaidaa M. Dogheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-0915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-0915"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84524832","display_name":"Alexandria University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mzz1w90","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaidaa M. Dogheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-0915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39179182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14512","display_name":"Technology and Human Factors in Education and Health","score":0.4113999903202057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14512","display_name":"Technology and Human Factors in Education and Health","score":0.4113999903202057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.31540000438690186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13656","display_name":"Science, Research, and Medicine","score":0.08540000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-medicine","display_name":"precision medicine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-treatment","display_name":"personalized treatment","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genomics","display_name":"genomics","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-diagnosis","display_name":"molecular diagnosis","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-exposure","display_name":"environmental exposure","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifestyle-factors","display_name":"lifestyle factors","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbiome","display_name":"microbiome","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-privacy","display_name":"patient privacy","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-implementation-barriers","display_name":"clinical implementation barriers","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-system-integration","display_name":"health system integration","score":0.5370000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.9125999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778757428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250464","display_name":"Realm","level":2,"score":0.5318999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.414900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197352329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093434","display_name":"Citizen science","level":2,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020132585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic accuracy","level":2,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32220436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072214","display_name":"Personalized medicine","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.59707/hymryawo7926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","pdf_url":"https://hymr.highyieldmed.org/index.php/HYMR/article/download/60/130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291524","display_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","issn_l":"2960-1630","issn":["2960-1630"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b82ef517485049aaa26a6ae57fd47588","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b82ef517485049aaa26a6ae57fd47588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.59707/hymryawo7926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59707/hymryawo7926","pdf_url":"https://hymr.highyieldmed.org/index.php/HYMR/article/download/60/130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291524","display_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","issn_l":"2960-1630","issn":["2960-1630"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"High Yield Medical Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8199999928474426}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5870860815048218}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7163076216.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7163076216.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":99,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144750941","https://openalex.org/W1608419697","https://openalex.org/W1639623904","https://openalex.org/W1874303758","https://openalex.org/W1901948746","https://openalex.org/W1971947883","https://openalex.org/W1976082900","https://openalex.org/W1976940707","https://openalex.org/W1977486610","https://openalex.org/W1984168657","https://openalex.org/W1985788416","https://openalex.org/W1993396994","https://openalex.org/W1996673522","https://openalex.org/W1997088602","https://openalex.org/W1997935934","https://openalex.org/W1998593414","https://openalex.org/W2021567923","https://openalex.org/W2021976306","https://openalex.org/W2023455381","https://openalex.org/W2033033010","https://openalex.org/W2033125252","https://openalex.org/W2041500153","https://openalex.org/W2048862063","https://openalex.org/W2050386004","https://openalex.org/W2050855365","https://openalex.org/W2052853731","https://openalex.org/W2055402151","https://openalex.org/W2063007266","https://openalex.org/W2076178766","https://openalex.org/W2082335023","https://openalex.org/W2091091750","https://openalex.org/W2093065590","https://openalex.org/W2096796171","https://openalex.org/W2100766868","https://openalex.org/W2106543129","https://openalex.org/W2115779804","https://openalex.org/W2120627364","https://openalex.org/W2122545833","https://openalex.org/W2130046029","https://openalex.org/W2131131247","https://openalex.org/W2132388771","https://openalex.org/W2144369246","https://openalex.org/W2161821474","https://openalex.org/W2162525969","https://openalex.org/W2167372325","https://openalex.org/W2170552969","https://openalex.org/W2171528062","https://openalex.org/W2264113796","https://openalex.org/W2317070629","https://openalex.org/W2331330120","https://openalex.org/W2333136285","https://openalex.org/W2559853385","https://openalex.org/W2567511873","https://openalex.org/W2586159641","https://openalex.org/W2604975863","https://openalex.org/W2609984900","https://openalex.org/W2624310346","https://openalex.org/W2626916274","https://openalex.org/W2734625065","https://openalex.org/W2745189820","https://openalex.org/W2752977092","https://openalex.org/W2754077666","https://openalex.org/W2760931533","https://openalex.org/W2765127880","https://openalex.org/W2765293807","https://openalex.org/W2766089187","https://openalex.org/W2766522041","https://openalex.org/W2783654878","https://openalex.org/W2784643250","https://openalex.org/W2785610956","https://openalex.org/W2788933778","https://openalex.org/W2884589930","https://openalex.org/W2908548900","https://openalex.org/W2914963468","https://openalex.org/W2945564879","https://openalex.org/W2948155539","https://openalex.org/W2962249664","https://openalex.org/W2965355603","https://openalex.org/W2976967554","https://openalex.org/W2980424458","https://openalex.org/W2986540808","https://openalex.org/W2988877141","https://openalex.org/W2999911404","https://openalex.org/W3000448220","https://openalex.org/W3017267835","https://openalex.org/W3036000905","https://openalex.org/W3036044090","https://openalex.org/W3045373701","https://openalex.org/W3047294698","https://openalex.org/W3048802680","https://openalex.org/W3107448205","https://openalex.org/W3111589474","https://openalex.org/W3144501467","https://openalex.org/W3164126191","https://openalex.org/W3171679784","https://openalex.org/W4206827459","https://openalex.org/W4211025465","https://openalex.org/W4223975182","https://openalex.org/W4249519072"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precision":[0,26],"medicine":[1,7,27,57,111,155,170],"is":[2],"a":[3,37,41],"new":[4],"discipline":[5],"of":[6,40,67,109,120,145,153,190],"that":[8],"attempts":[9],"to":[10,48,61,76,89,115],"deliver":[11],"individualized":[12],"therapy":[13],"and":[14,23,65,74,87,102,124,137,143,165,172,184],"prevention":[15],"based":[16],"on":[17],"each":[18,29],"individual's":[19],"clinical,":[20],"genetic,":[21],"genomic,":[22],"environmental":[24,131],"data.":[25],"treats":[28],"patient":[30,51],"as":[31,36,80,160,162],"an":[32],"individual":[33],"rather":[34],"than":[35],"general":[38],"case":[39],"disease.":[42],"By":[43],"offering":[44],"the":[45,49,53,59,107,116,121,151,157,163,188],"appropriate":[46],"medication":[47],"right":[50,54],"at":[52],"time,":[55],"precision":[56,77,97,110,146,154,169,191],"has":[58],"potential":[60,181],"enhance":[62],"health":[63,175],"outcomes":[64],"quality":[66],"life.":[68],"However,":[69],"there":[70],"are":[71],"certain":[72],"problems":[73],"limits":[75],"medicine,":[78],"such":[79],"high":[81],"prices,":[82],"privacy":[83],"concerns,":[84,86],"ethical":[85],"impediments":[88],"integration":[90],"into":[91],"clinical":[92],"practice.":[93],"The":[94],"text":[95],"examines":[96,127],"medicine's":[98],"history,":[99],"applications,":[100],"technology,":[101],"future":[103,182],"possibilities.":[104],"It":[105,126,148,177],"recounts":[106],"history":[108],"from":[112],"ancient":[113],"times":[114],"present,":[117],"emphasizing":[118],"some":[119],"field's":[122],"milestones":[123],"successes.":[125],"genetics,":[128],"molecular":[129],"diagnostics,":[130],"exposures,":[132],"lifestyle":[133],"habits,":[134],"societal":[135],"influences,":[136],"microbiome":[138],"composition,":[139],"among":[140],"other":[141],"elements":[142],"areas":[144],"medicine.":[147,192],"also":[149],"investigates":[150],"role":[152],"in":[156,174,187],"COVID-19":[158],"pandemic,":[159],"well":[161],"obstacles":[164],"prospects":[166],"for":[167],"continued":[168],"research":[171,183],"application":[173],"systems.":[176],"finishes":[178],"by":[179],"identifying":[180],"innovation":[185],"paths":[186],"realm":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-06-02T00:00:00"}
