{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162003288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607","title":"Enhancing solar energy predictions in Misan, Iraq with grey Wolf algorithm-driven neural networks","display_name":"Enhancing solar energy predictions in Misan, Iraq with grey Wolf algorithm-driven neural networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162003288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0329607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7162003288"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106831554","display_name":"Shahad Mohammed Radhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-3262","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-3262"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35906937","display_name":"University of Misan","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5sds65","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35906937"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shahad Mohammed Radhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, oUniversity of Misan, Amarah, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, oUniversity of Misan, Amarah, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35906937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073156225","display_name":"Sadeq D. Al-Majidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-6830","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-6830"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35906937","display_name":"University of Misan","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5sds65","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35906937"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadeq D. Al-Majidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, oUniversity of Misan, Amarah, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, oUniversity of Misan, Amarah, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35906937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106831554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35906937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3427","issue":null,"first_page":"040033","last_page":"040033"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-power-forecasting","display_name":"photovoltaic power forecasting","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-energy-prediction","display_name":"solar energy prediction","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grey-wolf-optimizer","display_name":"grey wolf optimizer","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorological-conditions","display_name":"weather conditions","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-architecture-search","display_name":"neural architecture search","score":0.7120000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6053000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.24060000479221344}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0329607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0329607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.685699999332428,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2791958283","https://openalex.org/W2913949647","https://openalex.org/W3007314931","https://openalex.org/W3016726239","https://openalex.org/W3165142360","https://openalex.org/W4212984776","https://openalex.org/W4288720448","https://openalex.org/W4322775950","https://openalex.org/W4327968431","https://openalex.org/W4366201389","https://openalex.org/W4400430668"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401958917","https://openalex.org/W7218144093","https://openalex.org/W6948023289","https://openalex.org/W4417510563","https://openalex.org/W3132109188","https://openalex.org/W4405412031","https://openalex.org/W4409955572","https://openalex.org/W4417249758","https://openalex.org/W4400430668","https://openalex.org/W7116838690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photovoltaic":[0],"(PV)":[1],"power":[2,25,148],"forecasting":[3,39,120,149],"is":[4,73,96,115],"considered":[5],"an":[6,76],"essential":[7],"part":[8],"of":[9,22,61,86,102,151,169],"utilizing":[10],"the":[11,57,84,87,100,108,137,142,146,183],"stability,":[12],"ensuring":[13],"energy":[14,89,153],"quality,":[15],"and":[16,105,131,172,177],"enabling":[17],"more":[18],"effective":[19],"network":[20,79],"management":[21],"a":[23,37,51,67,164],"hybrid":[24],"grid":[26],"due":[27],"to":[28,82,117],"its":[29],"accreditation":[30],"on":[31,124,141],"weather":[32,93],"information.":[33],"This":[34,95],"work":[35],"presents":[36],"PV":[38,52,88,152],"model":[40,81,122,139,150],"that":[41,136],"predicts":[42],"future":[43],"outcomes":[44],"using":[45],"real":[46],"operational":[47],"data":[48],"gathered":[49],"from":[50],"experimental":[53],"system":[54],"located":[55],"at":[56],"engineering":[58],"college":[59],"campus":[60],"Misan":[62],"University":[63],"in":[64,107,154],"Iraq.":[65],"Next,":[66],"gray":[68],"wolf":[69],"optimization":[70],"(GWO)":[71],"approach":[72],"employed":[74],"with":[75,182],"artificial":[77],"neural":[78],"(ANN)":[80],"improve":[83],"accuracy":[85],"prediction":[90,121],"under":[91,174],"different":[92,156],"scenarios.":[94],"achieved":[97],"by":[98,162],"improving":[99],"configuration":[101],"hidden":[103],"layers":[104],"neurons":[106],"ANN":[109,138,185],"model.":[110,186],"The":[111,133],"Python":[112],"programming":[113],"language":[114],"used":[116],"create":[118],"this":[119],"based":[123,140],"four":[125],"fitness":[126],"functions:":[127],"R2,":[128],"MAE,":[129],"RMSE,":[130],"MSE.":[132],"results":[134],"indicate":[135],"GWO":[143],"algorithm":[144],"outperforms":[145],"accurate":[147],"three":[155],"climatic":[157],"condition":[158],"tests,":[159],"as":[160],"evidenced":[161],"achieving":[163],"higher":[165],"Pearson":[166],"correlation":[167],"coefficient":[168],"0.9879,":[170],"0.9349,":[171],"0.6943":[173],"sunny,":[175],"cloudy,":[176],"rainy":[178],"conditions,":[179],"respectively":[180],"compared":[181],"conventional":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-05-22T00:00:00"}