{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161815768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.19417","title":"Towards Fair Benchmarking of Quantum Transfer Learning for Visual Classification","display_name":"Towards Fair Benchmarking of Quantum Transfer Learning for Visual Classification","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161815768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.19417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.19417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19417","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.19417","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.19417","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059523103","display_name":"Nouhaila Innan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-3457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-3457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Innan, Nouhaila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136112508","display_name":"Saim Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3547-0298","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3547-0298"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rehman, Saim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134142884","display_name":"Muhammad Shafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shafique, Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS) , NYUAD Research Institute , NYUAD , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBRAIN Lab , Division of Engineering , New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) , Abu Dhabi , UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-transfer-learning","display_name":"quantum transfer learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-categorization","display_name":"visual categorization","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking-methods","display_name":"benchmarking methodology","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-quantum-classical-models","display_name":"hybrid quantum-classical models","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-depth","display_name":"circuit depth","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fashion-mnist","display_name":"Fashion-MNIST","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cifar-10","display_name":"CIFAR-10","score":0.9940000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7592999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7462999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7028999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.54339998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.4023999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.19417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19417","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.19417","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.19417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.19417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.19417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.19417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19417","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.19417","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1028262144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CG008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313203","funder_display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4268309926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CG008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330069","funder_display_name":"Tamkeen"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313203","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319918","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330069","display_name":"Tamkeen","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqpz325"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7161815768.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7161815768.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168018780","https://openalex.org/W4402722724","https://openalex.org/W4416150571","https://openalex.org/W3209684177","https://openalex.org/W6986745611","https://openalex.org/W4416579326","https://openalex.org/W4386825175","https://openalex.org/W7213522265","https://openalex.org/W7220320689","https://openalex.org/W4311133603"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"Transfer":[1],"Learning":[2],"(QTL)":[3],"offers":[4],"a":[5,80,90,139],"promising":[6],"approach":[7],"for":[8,84,195,202],"visual":[9,40],"quantum":[10,29,44,153],"machine":[11],"learning":[12],"under":[13,89,103,208],"near-term":[14,209],"constraints,":[15],"where":[16],"limited":[17],"qubit":[18,68,161],"counts,":[19],"shallow":[20],"circuit":[21,70,149,164,185],"depths,":[22],"and":[23,74,101,111,119,157,163,187,199],"costly":[24],"hybrid":[25,204],"optimization":[26,72],"restrict":[27],"end-to-end":[28],"training.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32],"setting,":[33],"pretrained":[34],"classical":[35],"backbones":[36],"can":[37],"extract":[38],"high-level":[39],"features,":[41],"while":[42,129],"compact":[43],"modules":[45],"operate":[46],"as":[47,124],"trainable":[48,151],"classification":[49],"heads.":[50],"However,":[51],"existing":[52],"QTL":[53,87,172,197],"results":[54,167],"are":[55],"difficult":[56],"to":[57,133,160],"compare":[58],"because":[59],"they":[60],"often":[61],"differ":[62],"in":[63],"datasets,":[64,128],"preprocessing,":[65],"backbone":[66],"settings,":[67,108],"budgets,":[69],"designs,":[71],"choices,":[73],"reporting":[75,112],"protocols.":[76],"This":[77],"work":[78],"presents":[79],"controlled":[81],"benchmarking":[82],"methodology":[83],"evaluating":[85],"representative":[86],"methods":[88],"unified":[91],"transfer-learning":[92],"pipeline.":[93],"The":[94,114,166],"benchmark":[95,147],"compares":[96],"DQN-QTL,":[97],"QPIE-QTL,":[98],"AE-CQTL,":[99],"PVCQTL,":[100],"ED-QTL":[102],"shared":[104],"preprocessing":[105],"rules,":[106],"frozen-backbone":[107],"training":[109,155],"conditions,":[110],"metrics.":[113],"evaluation":[115,198],"focuses":[116],"on":[117,138,180],"Fashion-MNIST":[118],"Hymenoptera":[120],"Ants":[121],"vs.":[122],"Bees":[123],"the":[125,146,181,193],"two":[126],"main":[127],"CIFAR-10":[130],"is":[131],"used":[132],"provide":[134,200],"additional":[135],"configuration-level":[136],"evidence":[137],"harder":[140],"natural-image":[141],"task.":[142],"Beyond":[143],"predictive":[144],"performance,":[145],"analyzes":[148],"size,":[150],"parameters,":[152,154],"time,":[156],"architectural":[158],"sensitivity":[159],"count":[162],"depth.":[165],"show":[168],"that":[169],"no":[170],"single":[171],"family":[173],"dominates":[174],"across":[175],"all":[176],"settings:":[177],"performance":[178],"depends":[179],"dataset,":[182],"encoding":[183],"strategy,":[184],"design,":[186],"computational":[188],"cost.":[189],"These":[190],"findings":[191],"highlight":[192],"need":[194],"resource-aware":[196],"guidance":[201],"selecting":[203],"quantum-classical":[205],"transfer":[206],"models":[207],"resource":[210],"constraints.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-05-21T00:00:00"}
