{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161018293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","title":"Optimizing nitrogen reduction for improved grain yield and nitrogen-use-efficiency in two rice genotypes grown in hilly regions of Sichuan","display_name":"Optimizing nitrogen reduction for improved grain yield and nitrogen-use-efficiency in two rice genotypes grown in hilly regions of Sichuan","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161018293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42211488","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13212099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130617085","display_name":"Peng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-100X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-100X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018766459","display_name":"Xiaohong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3432-5751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3432-5751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123079837","display_name":"\u67f4\u5251\u4e3d","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianli Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130585364","display_name":"Ran Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-1479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-1479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129750366","display_name":"Lubing Jia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubing Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130608003","display_name":"Xiaotian Jiang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136081608","display_name":"Guotao Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guotao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113261836","display_name":"Yungao Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yungao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Agri-forestry, Southwest University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113261836","https://openalex.org/A5136081608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1833459","last_page":"1833459"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice","display_name":"rice","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-reduction","display_name":"nitrogen reduction","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-use-efficiency","display_name":"nitrogen use efficiency","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-application-rate","display_name":"nitrogen application rate","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotypic-differences","display_name":"genotype differences","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-matter-accumulation","display_name":"dry matter accumulation","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-matter-translocation","display_name":"dry matter translocation","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-recovery-efficiency","display_name":"nitrogen recovery efficiency","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomic-nitrogen-use-efficiency","display_name":"nitrogen agronomic efficiency","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sucrose-metabolism","display_name":"sucrose metabolism","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sucrose-phosphate-synthase","display_name":"sucrose phosphate synthase","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sucrose-synthase","display_name":"sucrose synthase","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-setting-rate","display_name":"seed setting rate","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilly-areas","display_name":"hilly terrain","score":0.578000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.8270999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75337361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148600","display_name":"Panicle","level":2,"score":0.8022000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7717000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393855","display_name":"Dry matter","level":2,"score":0.7457000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24525069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q923534","display_name":"Nitrogen deficiency","level":3,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993605384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Nitrogen fertilizer","level":3,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49045045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82551","display_name":"Nitrogen cycle","level":3,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027534","display_name":"Sucrose","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42211488","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42211488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in plant science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13212099","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13212099/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Plant Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b27a6a6b95a54d8ab799fe83e1d1c90f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b27a6a6b95a54d8ab799fe83e1d1c90f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1833459/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7161018293.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7161018293.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089125833","https://openalex.org/W2141555051","https://openalex.org/W2554848956","https://openalex.org/W2761854360","https://openalex.org/W2789530387","https://openalex.org/W2889296347","https://openalex.org/W2940921678","https://openalex.org/W3013166784","https://openalex.org/W3095501511","https://openalex.org/W4200288179","https://openalex.org/W4318066533","https://openalex.org/W4321601091","https://openalex.org/W4393165960","https://openalex.org/W4396577008","https://openalex.org/W4401484873","https://openalex.org/W4405055670","https://openalex.org/W4405580664","https://openalex.org/W4406593770","https://openalex.org/W4409670604","https://openalex.org/W4410089195","https://openalex.org/W4410258289","https://openalex.org/W4410511353","https://openalex.org/W4411090319","https://openalex.org/W4412583977","https://openalex.org/W4417361414","https://openalex.org/W7083492775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048000760","https://openalex.org/W3135679509","https://openalex.org/W4383955361","https://openalex.org/W2472608290","https://openalex.org/W6887477565","https://openalex.org/W3120915867","https://openalex.org/W3140471483","https://openalex.org/W2269942244","https://openalex.org/W7026717121","https://openalex.org/W2491601240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"The":[1,128,149,341],"hilly":[2,380],"region":[3,52],"of":[4,35,59,151,200,221,255,271,310,336,344,382],"Sichuan":[5],"is":[6,329],"a":[7,70,365],"core":[8],"rice-producing":[9],"area":[10],"in":[11,18,50,121,146,192,278,293,308,334,378],"Southwest":[12],"China.Long-term":[13],"excessive":[14],"fertilization":[15],"has":[16],"resulted":[17],"low":[19],"nitrogen-use-efficiency":[20],"and":[21,32,53,67,82,102,112,116,154,161,203,210,223,236,251,263,275,290,315,339,359,368,374],"aggravated":[22],"agricultural":[23],"non-point":[24],"source":[25],"pollution,":[26],"which":[27,167],"seriously":[28],"restricts":[29],"the":[30,41,56,138,142,186,198,213,229,269,301,379],"green":[31],"high-yield":[33],"development":[34],"rice":[36,48,63,78,376],"production.":[37],"Methods":[38],"To":[39],"determine":[40],"optimal":[42,139],"nitrogen":[43,60,65,86,135,175,179,193,241,246,252,285,348,357,372],"reduction":[44,61,191],"rate":[45,343],"for":[46,228,371],"nitrogen-efficient":[47],"varieties":[49],"this":[51],"to":[54,181,331],"reveal":[55],"regulatory":[57],"effects":[58],"on":[62],"yield,":[64],"utilization,":[66],"physiological":[68],"metabolism,":[69],"two-year":[71],"field":[72],"experiment":[73],"was":[74,137],"conducted":[75],"using":[76],"two":[77,230,302],"cultivars,":[79,231],"Byou":[80,152,256,304,327],"3611":[81,153,257,305,328],"Yixiangyou":[83,155,320,332],"2115.":[84,321],"Four":[85],"treatments":[87],"were":[88,124,168,212,280,298],"applied:":[89],"180":[90],"kg\u00b7hm":[91,95,99,104,133,159,163,346],"-2":[92,96,100,105,134,160,164,226,347],"(N3),":[93],"150":[94,132,345],"(N2),":[97],"120":[98],"(N1),":[101],"0":[103],"(N0,":[106],"control).":[107],"Yield,":[108],"dry":[109,316,354],"matter":[110,208,317,355],"accumulation":[111,209,292],"translocation,":[113,356],"nitrogen-use-efficiency,sugar":[114],"content,":[115],"key":[117],"enzyme":[118,288],"activities":[119,270],"involved":[120],"sucrose":[122,264,272,276],"metabolism":[123],"systematically":[125],"measured.":[126],"Results":[127],"results":[129],"showed":[130],"that":[131,326],"(N2)":[136],"treatment,":[140],"with":[141,217,239],"highest":[143,281],"grain":[144,337],"yield":[145,183,338,352],"both":[147],"years.":[148],"yields":[150],"2115":[156,333],"reached":[157,258],"12101.05":[158],"11941.19":[162],",":[165],"respectively,":[166],"significantly":[169,196],"higher":[170],"than":[171,319],"those":[172],"under":[173,215,282],"conventional":[174],"application":[176,342],"(N3).":[177],"Excessive":[178,284],"failed":[180],"increase":[182],"but":[184],"reduced":[185],"seed-setting":[187,313],"rate,":[188,314],"whereas":[189],"large":[190],"supply":[194,286],"(N1)":[195],"decreased":[197,238],"number":[199],"effective":[201,311],"panicles":[202],"grains":[204],"per":[205],"panicle.":[206],"Dry":[207],"translocation":[211,318],"best":[214],"N2,":[216,245],"crop":[218],"growth":[219],"rates":[220],"13.15":[222],"12.47":[224],"g\u00b7(m":[225],"\u00b7d)\u207b\u00b9":[227],"respectively.":[232],"Nitrogen-use-efficiency":[233],"first":[234],"increased":[235],"then":[237],"increasing":[240],"applicatiopn":[242],"rates.":[243],"Under":[244],"recovery":[247],"efficiency":[248,254],"exceeded":[249],"24%,":[250],"agronomic":[253],"32.02":[259],"kg\u00b7kg\u207b\u00b9.":[260],"Soluble":[261],"sugar":[262,291,360],"contents,":[265],"as":[266,268],"well":[267],"phosphate":[273],"synthase":[274,277],"grains,":[279],"N2.":[283],"inhibited":[287],"activity":[289],"grains.":[294],"Significant":[295],"genotypic":[296],"differences":[297],"observed":[299],"between":[300],"cultivars:":[303],"performed":[306],"better":[307],"terms":[309,335],"panicles,":[312],"Discussion":[322],"This":[323],"study":[324],"indicates":[325],"superior":[330],"nitrogen-use-efficiency.":[340],"can":[349],"simultaneously":[350],"optimize":[351],"components,":[353],"utilization":[358],"metabolism.":[361],"These":[362],"findings":[363],"provide":[364],"theoretical":[366],"basis":[367],"technical":[369],"support":[370],"saving":[373],"high-efficiency":[375],"cultivation":[377],"regions":[381],"Sichuan.":[383]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-05-14T00:00:00"}