{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160939210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","title":"Does proximity to public transport matter for planning X-minute cities? Insights from public perceptions","display_name":"Does proximity to public transport matter for planning X-minute cities? Insights from public perceptions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160939210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80150607","display_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","issn_l":"0966-6923","issn":["0966-6923","1873-1236"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083013905","display_name":"Mohammad Hamed Abdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-7059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-7059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800768525","display_name":"University of Bojnord","ror":"https://ror.org/05khxfe53","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800768525"]}],"countries":["BE","IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hamed Abdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran","Research Group for Urban Development, Faculty of Design Science, University of Antwerp, Mutsaardstraat 29, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800768525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group for Urban Development, Faculty of Design Science, University of Antwerp, Mutsaardstraat 29, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091332658","display_name":"Thomas Vanoutrive","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7422-3475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7422-3475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Vanoutrive","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group for Urban Development, Faculty of Design Science, University of Antwerp, Mutsaardstraat 29, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium","Urban Studies Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group for Urban Development, Faculty of Design Science, University of Antwerp, Mutsaardstraat 29, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Urban Studies Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083013905"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I2800768525"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":12.0725,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98798918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"134","issue":null,"first_page":"104708","last_page":"104708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.022700000554323196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-minute-city","display_name":"x-minute city","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport-service-quality","display_name":"public transport service quality","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport-preference","display_name":"public transport preference","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-behavior","display_name":"travel behavior","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-perception","display_name":"public perception","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-planning","display_name":"neighborhood planning","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-transport","display_name":"sustainable transport","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-transportation","display_name":"active travel","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-planning","display_name":"participatory planning","score":0.7739999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.7718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6478999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776687071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5265193","display_name":"Destinations","level":3,"score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.47690001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39118121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034047","display_name":"Transportation planning","level":2,"score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144072006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4462116","display_name":"Travel behavior","level":2,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776017872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3226683","display_name":"Mode choice","level":3,"score":0.44769999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.396699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777976496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541936","display_name":"Public participation","level":2,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.33739998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157181609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364310","display_name":"Sustainable transport","level":3,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31173074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Attractiveness","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18665432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282864","display_name":"Distance decay","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58037377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92785211","display_name":"Level of service","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161837","display_name":"Public service","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781360296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146084","display_name":"Car ownership","level":3,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7835961","display_name":"Travel survey","level":3,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779567914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334166","display_name":"Mode of transport","level":3,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144400606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412982","display_name":"Causal loop diagram","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23213687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301468","display_name":"Consumer behaviour","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80150607","display_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","issn_l":"0966-6923","issn":["0966-6923","1873-1236"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80150607","display_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","issn_l":"0966-6923","issn":["0966-6923","1873-1236"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Transport Geography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8762661068","display_name":"How do people perceive the 15-minute neighbourhoods globally? Investigating public perception across developed and developing worlds","funder_award_id":"101110349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338438","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324595","display_name":"Universiteit Antwerpen","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338438","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988050849","https://openalex.org/W2012411921","https://openalex.org/W2080833703","https://openalex.org/W2097799011","https://openalex.org/W2148161863","https://openalex.org/W2345874048","https://openalex.org/W2417699834","https://openalex.org/W2743600675","https://openalex.org/W2903418865","https://openalex.org/W2905811773","https://openalex.org/W2920911625","https://openalex.org/W2950750906","https://openalex.org/W2983092255","https://openalex.org/W2999552295","https://openalex.org/W3014715636","https://openalex.org/W3020318139","https://openalex.org/W3111743371","https://openalex.org/W3115149837","https://openalex.org/W3120694366","https://openalex.org/W3134199842","https://openalex.org/W3213842046","https://openalex.org/W4200089923","https://openalex.org/W4200437715","https://openalex.org/W4211170894","https://openalex.org/W4286007650","https://openalex.org/W4292962346","https://openalex.org/W4293770943","https://openalex.org/W4294580146","https://openalex.org/W4316035223","https://openalex.org/W4321372950","https://openalex.org/W4321781491","https://openalex.org/W4361994869","https://openalex.org/W4385988032","https://openalex.org/W4386173909","https://openalex.org/W4387364437","https://openalex.org/W4387459938","https://openalex.org/W4389914840","https://openalex.org/W4400646675","https://openalex.org/W4402101678","https://openalex.org/W4403980190","https://openalex.org/W4404485122","https://openalex.org/W4407073206","https://openalex.org/W4408730431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162322891","https://openalex.org/W4410018005","https://openalex.org/W4403920102","https://openalex.org/W4313251727","https://openalex.org/W1970584210","https://openalex.org/W4387364437","https://openalex.org/W4414175619","https://openalex.org/W4417334892","https://openalex.org/W2919909513","https://openalex.org/W4379054727"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,52],"emphasis":[1],"on":[2,28],"adapting":[3],"infrastructure":[4],"and":[5,16,68,70,83,89,119,126,162,184,209,216,234,249,266],"neighborhood":[6,260],"design":[7],"to":[8,23,59,87,135,148,168,190,193,204,227,240],"increase":[9],"the":[10,25,29,34,50,76,108,146,173,244,250],"number":[11],"of":[12,36,96,115,176,246,252],"people":[13],"who":[14],"walk":[15],"bike":[17],"within":[18],"self-sufficient":[19],"neighborhoods":[20],"has":[21],"tended":[22],"dominate":[24],"growing":[26],"literature":[27],"X-minute":[30,66,180,199],"city,":[31],"often":[32],"underestimating":[33],"role":[35,175],"public":[37,60,116,124,136,177,194,253],"transport":[38,61,117,137,178],"(PT)":[39],"as":[40,237,239],"a":[41],"long-standing,":[42],"sustainable":[43],"travel":[44,128,140,151],"mode":[45],"for":[46,123,142,220,243,256],"reaching":[47],"destinations":[48,257],"beyond":[49],"neighborhood.":[51],"present":[53],"study":[54],"explores":[55],"how":[56,71],"effective":[57],"proximity":[58,118,134,167,192],"facilities":[62],"is":[63,156],"in":[64,153,179],"planning":[65,218,230],"cities":[67,155],"neighborhoods,":[69],"it":[72],"can":[73],"help":[74],"achieve":[75],"concept's":[77],"primary":[78],"objectives:":[79],"making":[80],"urban":[81],"services":[82,248],"basic":[84],"needs":[85],"accessible":[86],"residents":[88],"encouraging":[90],"slower,":[91],"more":[92],"environmentally":[93],"friendly":[94],"modes":[95,152],"movement.":[97],"Using":[98],"partial":[99],"least":[100],"squares":[101],"structural":[102],"equation":[103],"modeling":[104],"(PLS-SEM),":[105],"we":[106],"analyzed":[107],"complex":[109],"relationships":[110],"between":[111],"individual":[112,160],"backgrounds,":[113],"perceptions":[114],"service":[120],"quality,":[121],"preference":[122,164],"transport,":[125,254],"actual":[127],"behavior.":[129],"We":[130],"found":[131],"that":[132],"while":[133],"directly":[138],"influences":[139],"behavior":[141],"meeting":[143],"daily":[144],"needs,":[145],"decision":[147],"use":[149,251],"specific":[150],"proximity-based":[154],"significantly":[157],"affected":[158],"by":[159,263],"backgrounds":[161],"perceptions\u2014specifically,":[163],"\u2014beyond":[165],"mere":[166],"PT":[169],"facilities.":[170],"To":[171],"maximize":[172],"complementary":[174],"cities,":[181],"policymakers,":[182],"planners,":[183],"practitioners":[185],"are":[186,224],"recommended":[187],"not":[188],"only":[189],"consider":[191],"transport\u2014along":[195],"with":[196],"other":[197],"facilities\u2014within":[198],"city":[200],"strategies,":[201],"but":[202],"also":[203,225],"incorporate":[205],"diverse":[206],"attitudinal":[207],"aspects":[208],"take":[210],"appropriate":[211],"measures":[212],"when":[213],"assessing":[214],"closeness":[215],"developing":[217],"standards":[219],"such":[221],"cities.":[222],"They":[223],"advised":[226],"leverage":[228],"participatory":[229],"processes,":[231],"awareness":[232],"campaigns,":[233],"community-based":[235],"programs,":[236],"well":[238],"develop":[241],"incentives":[242],"consumption":[245],"local":[247],"particularly":[255],"located":[258],"outside":[259],"boundaries\u2014for":[261],"example,":[262],"offering":[264],"discounts":[265],"mobility":[267],"benefits.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-05-13T00:00:00"}
