{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160621338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","title":"Sustainable Agriculture and Green Economy Using Intercropping Agronomic Systems: Comparative Analysis of Two Blackcurrant\u2013Walnut Planting Configurations","display_name":"Sustainable Agriculture and Green Economy Using Intercropping Agronomic Systems: Comparative Analysis of Two Blackcurrant\u2013Walnut Planting Configurations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160621338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18104679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/10/4679/pdf?version=1778238970","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/10/4679/pdf?version=1778238970","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087372092","display_name":"Roxana Gabriela Popa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-1680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-1680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088362","display_name":"Constantin Br\u00e2ncu\u0219i University of Targu Jiu","ror":"https://ror.org/0058xhs49","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362","https://openalex.org/I97553796"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roxana-Gabriela Popa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042789948","display_name":"Aniela B\u0103l\u0103cescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4917","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4917"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088362","display_name":"Constantin Br\u00e2ncu\u0219i University of Targu Jiu","ror":"https://ror.org/0058xhs49","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362","https://openalex.org/I97553796"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aniela B\u0103l\u0103cescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economic Sciences, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economic Sciences, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064607863","display_name":"Irina Ramona Pecingin\u0103","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088362","display_name":"Constantin Br\u00e2ncu\u0219i University of Targu Jiu","ror":"https://ror.org/0058xhs49","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362","https://openalex.org/I97553796"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina-Ramona Pecingin\u0103","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, \u201cConstantin Brancusi\u201d University of Targu Jiu, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031316421","display_name":"A. T. Patrascu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-5648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-5648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090220","display_name":"Petroleum & Gas University of Ploie\u015fti","ror":"https://ror.org/00abdnc40","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090220"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aurelia P\u0103tra\u0219cu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economic Sciences, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economic Sciences, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090220"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075864388","display_name":"Florentina Alina Toader","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2790-2579","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2790-2579"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090220","display_name":"Petroleum & Gas University of Ploie\u015fti","ror":"https://ror.org/00abdnc40","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090220"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florentina Alina Toader","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economic Sciences, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2790-2579","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economic Sciences, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090220"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042789948"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088362"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26044304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"10","first_page":"4679","last_page":"4679"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13009","display_name":"Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems","score":0.8438000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13009","display_name":"Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems","score":0.8438000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.1492999941110611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercropping","display_name":"intercropping","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-currant","display_name":"black currant","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walnut","display_name":"Juglans regia","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planting-configuration","display_name":"planting configuration","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-orchards","display_name":"young orchards","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-economics","display_name":"agricultural economics","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-farming","display_name":"organic farming","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-on-investment","display_name":"return on investment","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-efficiency","display_name":"land use efficiency","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-agriculture","display_name":"sustainable agriculture","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-economy","display_name":"green economy","score":0.9580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.9495000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.8046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5361999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24461792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157957","display_name":"Perennial plant","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54924851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751054","display_name":"Sustainable agriculture","level":3,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994016872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11016","display_name":"Technology system","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76474335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215551","display_name":"Comparative advantage","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18104679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/10/4679/pdf?version=1778238970","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su18104679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104679","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/10/4679/pdf?version=1778238970","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.8212721347808838}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160621338.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160621338.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992633675","https://openalex.org/W2047328333","https://openalex.org/W2067777246","https://openalex.org/W2075255126","https://openalex.org/W2117301310","https://openalex.org/W2766541464","https://openalex.org/W2774173813","https://openalex.org/W2810379648","https://openalex.org/W2813132695","https://openalex.org/W2971457453","https://openalex.org/W2991080293","https://openalex.org/W2994421279","https://openalex.org/W4205813140","https://openalex.org/W4280629603","https://openalex.org/W4280648767","https://openalex.org/W4313898654","https://openalex.org/W4318480819","https://openalex.org/W4379233545","https://openalex.org/W4385630317","https://openalex.org/W4386578793","https://openalex.org/W4400642234","https://openalex.org/W4403460056","https://openalex.org/W4415684231"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intercropping":[0],"systems":[1],"can":[2],"enhance":[3],"land-use":[4],"efficiency":[5,94],"and":[6,45,81,88,95],"generate":[7],"early":[8],"income":[9],"in":[10,63,67],"young":[11,64,113],"orchards":[12,66],"during":[13],"the":[14,23,75,109],"non-productive":[15],"phase":[16],"of":[17,26,112],"perennial":[18],"trees.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"evaluates":[22],"agroeconomic":[24],"performance":[25,111],"an":[27],"organic":[28],"blackcurrant\u2013walnut":[29],"intercropping":[30,102],"system":[31],"implemented":[32],"under":[33],"two":[34],"planting":[35,38,47],"configurations:":[36],"(i)":[37],"blackcurrant":[39,48],"on":[40,97],"walnut":[41,50,65,114],"rows":[42,51],"(782":[43],"plants/ha)":[44],"(ii)":[46],"between":[49],"(1250":[52],"plants/ha).":[53],"The":[54],"study":[55,62],"was":[56],"conducted":[57],"as":[58,103],"a":[59,104],"comparative":[60],"case":[61],"South-West":[68],"Oltenia,":[69],"Romania.":[70],"Results":[71],"indicate":[72],"that,":[73],"although":[74],"between-row":[76],"configuration":[77],"involves":[78],"higher":[79,86],"establishment":[80],"maintenance":[82],"costs,":[83],"it":[84],"achieves":[85],"yields":[87],"revenue,":[89],"leading":[90],"to":[91],"improved":[92],"economic":[93,110],"return":[96],"investment.":[98],"These":[99],"findings":[100],"support":[101],"viable":[105],"strategy":[106],"for":[107],"enhancing":[108],"plantations.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2026-05-09T00:00:00"}
