{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160409151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","title":"A Comparative Study of TPACK Skills of Pre-service Primary School Teachers","display_name":"A Comparative Study of TPACK Skills of Pre-service Primary School Teachers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160409151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204820","display_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","issn_l":"2582-631X","issn":["2582-631X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7160409151"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064203228","display_name":"Fina Fakhriyah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-0404","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-0404"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166730","display_name":"Muria Kudus University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg3mb97","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fina Fakhriyah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009153176","display_name":"Siti Masfuah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-6381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-6381"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Masfuah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Primary Educational Teacher Department ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Primary Educational Teacher Department ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001387507","display_name":"Titis Sulistyowati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-403X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-403X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166730","display_name":"Muria Kudus University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg3mb97","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Titis Sulistyowati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135493664","display_name":"Noor Latifah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Latifah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059924083","display_name":"Richma Hidayati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6123-6242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6123-6242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166730","display_name":"Muria Kudus University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg3mb97","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richma Hidayati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052539295","display_name":"Sri Utaminingsih","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166730","display_name":"Muria Kudus University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg3mb97","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sri Utaminingsih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departement of Guidance and Counseling , Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia","Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departement of Guidance and Counseling , Faculty of Teacher Training and Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052819228","display_name":"Gunawan Setiadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2845-9852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2845-9852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166730","display_name":"Muria Kudus University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg3mb97","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunawan Setiadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elementary Education , Universitas Muria Kudus , Central Java , Indonesia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"07","issue":"02","first_page":"1813","last_page":"1830"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10130","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10130","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13412","display_name":"Education and Technology Integration","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tpack","display_name":"TPACK","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-service-teachers","display_name":"pre-service teachers","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-school-teachers","display_name":"primary school teachers","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-knowledge","display_name":"teacher knowledge","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content-knowledge","display_name":"content knowledge","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogical-content-knowledge","display_name":"pedagogical content knowledge","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-knowledge","display_name":"technological knowledge","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-pedagogical-content-knowledge","display_name":"technological pedagogical content knowledge","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-integration","display_name":"technology integration","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaysia","display_name":"Malaysia","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philippines","display_name":"Philippines","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thailand","display_name":"Thailand","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6089000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.5965999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020423824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37226","display_name":"School teachers","level":2,"score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.49059998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423378","display_name":"Knowledge level","level":2,"score":0.38119998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162446236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653137","display_name":"Content analysis","level":2,"score":0.3702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780805685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374230","display_name":"Teacher education","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164065428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201929","display_name":"Core competency","level":2,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7692612","display_name":"Technology integration","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150710463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565700","display_name":"Social studies","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204820","display_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","issn_l":"2582-631X","issn":["2582-631X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2026.v07i02.09765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204820","display_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","issn_l":"2582-631X","issn":["2582-631X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9901999831199646},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160409151.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160409151.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W380183934","https://openalex.org/W1499368215","https://openalex.org/W1900422729","https://openalex.org/W1969622003","https://openalex.org/W1978982318","https://openalex.org/W1998623504","https://openalex.org/W2034503409","https://openalex.org/W2100698432","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2115258890","https://openalex.org/W2123184471","https://openalex.org/W2149509182","https://openalex.org/W2168391307","https://openalex.org/W2396319279","https://openalex.org/W2472007568","https://openalex.org/W2485734108","https://openalex.org/W2562938712","https://openalex.org/W2604452528","https://openalex.org/W2736857561","https://openalex.org/W2747733570","https://openalex.org/W2766590219","https://openalex.org/W2790165648","https://openalex.org/W2809163676","https://openalex.org/W2885131507","https://openalex.org/W2905811773","https://openalex.org/W2991230093","https://openalex.org/W2995313641","https://openalex.org/W3001671205","https://openalex.org/W3003107855","https://openalex.org/W3031244974","https://openalex.org/W3093070761","https://openalex.org/W3094907153","https://openalex.org/W3097354359","https://openalex.org/W3118024057","https://openalex.org/W3125842030","https://openalex.org/W3202170477","https://openalex.org/W3205634842","https://openalex.org/W3208315503","https://openalex.org/W4211039102","https://openalex.org/W4225770044","https://openalex.org/W4289529228","https://openalex.org/W4292736944","https://openalex.org/W4310249420","https://openalex.org/W4367679640","https://openalex.org/W4387671079","https://openalex.org/W4388980970","https://openalex.org/W4393044251","https://openalex.org/W4401805317","https://openalex.org/W4405338559","https://openalex.org/W4405382390","https://openalex.org/W4413026108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416347300","https://openalex.org/W1781866675","https://openalex.org/W2893825811","https://openalex.org/W4402724671","https://openalex.org/W2566892159","https://openalex.org/W4403341943","https://openalex.org/W7221632361","https://openalex.org/W7149527059","https://openalex.org/W2416398515","https://openalex.org/W4402198636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"TPACK":[0,25,88,126,129,196,210],"integrates":[1,220],"technology,":[2],"pedagogy":[3],"and":[4,18,28,46,65,68,75,83,103,121,135,224],"content":[5,102,222],"in":[6,41,87,195,212],"the":[7,30,44,77,113,179,185,200,205],"learning":[8],"context":[9],"to":[10,23,79,132],"support":[11],"four":[12],"teacher":[13],"competencies:":[14],"pedagogical,":[15],"professional,":[16],"social":[17],"personal.":[19],"This":[20,48],"study":[21,50],"aimed":[22],"compare":[24],"skill":[26],"levels":[27,198],"analyze":[29],"Technological":[31],"Pedagogical":[32],"Content":[33,162],"Knowledge":[34,163],"(TPACK)":[35],"of":[36,115,181],"prospective":[37,213],"elementary":[38],"school":[39],"teachers":[40,214],"Indonesia,":[42],"Malaysia,":[43],"Philippines":[45],"Thailand.":[47],"comparative":[49],"applied":[51],"a":[52,56,166,216,225],"mixed-method":[53],"approach":[54,218],"with":[55,140,169,202],"sequential":[57],"explanatory":[58],"design.":[59],"The":[60,128,191],"research":[61],"stages":[62],"included":[63],"developing":[64],"validating":[66],"questionnaires":[67,74],"structured":[69],"interviews,":[70],"collecting":[71],"data":[72],"through":[73],"analyzing":[76],"results":[78],"identify":[80],"differences,":[81],"characteristics":[82],"factors":[84],"causing":[85],"variations":[86],"skills":[89],"across":[90],"countries.":[91],"SEM":[92],"(Structural":[93],"Equation":[94],"Modelling)":[95],"analysis":[96],"confirmed":[97],"that":[98,110,147,219],"basic":[99,151],"knowledge":[100,118,152,158,223],"(pedagogical,":[101],"technological":[104],"knowledge)":[105],"forms":[106],"an":[107],"essential":[108],"foundation":[109,186],"significantly":[111],"influences":[112],"development":[114],"more":[116],"complex":[117],"(PCK,":[119,159],"TCK":[120,174],"TPK),":[122],"thereby":[123],"predicting":[124],"core":[125],"competence.":[127],"model":[130],"proved":[131],"be":[133],"valid":[134],"reliable":[136],"(R\u00b2":[137],"=":[138,176],"0.788),":[139],"significant":[141],"relationships":[142],"among":[143,199],"its":[144,170],"components,":[145],"indicating":[146],"competence":[148,211],"develops":[149],"from":[150],"(PK,":[153],"CK,":[154],"TK)":[155],"toward":[156],"integrative":[157],"TCK,":[160],"TPK).":[161],"(CK)":[164],"played":[165],"central":[167],"role,":[168],"strongest":[171],"effect":[172],"on":[173],"(\u03b2":[175],"0.63),":[177],"underscoring":[178],"importance":[180],"subject":[182],"mastery":[183,197],"as":[184],"for":[187],"meaningful":[188],"technology":[189],"integration.":[190],"findings":[192],"indicated":[193],"differences":[194],"nations,":[201],"Malaysia":[203],"achieving":[204],"highest":[206],"average":[207],"score.":[208],"Developing":[209],"requires":[215],"holistic":[217],"strengthened":[221],"synergistic":[226],"pedagogical":[227],"understanding.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-05-07T00:00:00"}