{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160260331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","title":"Limiting Oxygen Concentrations of Burning PMMA Cylinders under External Radiant Heating and Subatmospheric Pressure","display_name":"Limiting Oxygen Concentrations of Burning PMMA Cylinders under External Radiant Heating and Subatmospheric Pressure","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160260331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32865/2346/94587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","pdf_url":"https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/bitstreams/6402a8bd-9c25-478b-87b9-a23590de0a01/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306499376","display_name":"International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"52nd International Conference on Environmental Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/bitstreams/6402a8bd-9c25-478b-87b9-a23590de0a01/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081837121","display_name":"Christina Liveretou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8034-0519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8034-0519"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Liveretou","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhD Student , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhD Student , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068602196","display_name":"Charles Scudiere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-3096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-3096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Scudiere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Scholar , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Scholar , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135335557","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 de Jes\u00fas Rivera","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Rivera","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhD Student , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhD Student , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 60 Hesse Hall , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077493033","display_name":"Carlos Fernandez-Pello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9222","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9222"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Fernandez-Pello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of the Graduate School , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 6105A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of the Graduate School , Department of Mechanical Engineering , 6105A","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042965162","display_name":"Michael J. Gollner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-4020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-4020"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gollner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California , Berkeley , California , 94720 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California , Berkeley , California , 94720 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135311563","display_name":"Sandra Olson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Olson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080944419","display_name":"Paul V. Ferkul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-2125","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-2125"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Ferkul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spacecraft Fire Safety Researcher , Low Gravity Exploration Technology Branch , 21000 Brookpark Road , Cleveland , OH 44135 "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spacecraft Fire Safety Researcher , Low Gravity Exploration Technology Branch , 21000 Brookpark Road , Cleveland , OH 44135 ","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.7699999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.7699999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13917","display_name":"Engineering and Material Science Research","score":0.17419999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2500","display_name":"General Materials Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11360","display_name":"Flame retardant materials and properties","score":0.011599999852478504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting-oxygen-concentration","display_name":"limiting oxygen concentration","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poly-methyl-methacrylate","display_name":"poly(methyl methacrylate)","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-spread","display_name":"flame spread","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiant-heating","display_name":"radiant heating","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subatmospheric-pressure","display_name":"sub-atmospheric pressure","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-partial-pressure","display_name":"oxygen partial pressure","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion-mechanism","display_name":"combustion mechanism","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downward-flame-spread","display_name":"downward flame spread","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55864363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1253356","display_name":"Radiant flux","level":2,"score":0.7809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6484000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143895478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q789775","display_name":"Ambient pressure","level":2,"score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.5931000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159188206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478382","display_name":"Heat flux","level":3,"score":0.5206000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.49570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4657000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775838644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17155651","display_name":"Radiant heating","level":2,"score":0.4648999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89169090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593204","display_name":"Limiting oxygen concentration","level":3,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.44119998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.41990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68463220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27165","display_name":"Partial pressure","level":3,"score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139002025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001212","display_name":"Lift (data mining)","level":2,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44740213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7828135","display_name":"Total pressure","level":2,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80264047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7424019","display_name":"Pressure measurement","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197554733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909060","display_name":"Adiabatic flame temperature","level":4,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19184958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661322","display_name":"Vapor pressure","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018944256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192593","display_name":"Radiant heat","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9466671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259526","display_name":"Radiant energy","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989464291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146123","display_name":"Polymethyl methacrylate","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56200935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840","display_name":"Nozzle","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32865/2346/94587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","pdf_url":"https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/bitstreams/6402a8bd-9c25-478b-87b9-a23590de0a01/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306499376","display_name":"International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"52nd International Conference on Environmental Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ttu-ir.tdl.org:2346/94587","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2346/94587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402519","display_name":"ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","host_organization_name":"Texas Tech University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentations"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32865/2346/94587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32865/2346/94587","pdf_url":"https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/bitstreams/6402a8bd-9c25-478b-87b9-a23590de0a01/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306499376","display_name":"International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"52nd International Conference on Environmental Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1960003789","display_name":"CENTRAL OBJECTIVES: THE NEXT GENERATION OF NASA SPACECRAFT WILL USE LOWER PRESSURES AND INCREASED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS THAN CURRENT DESIGNS. AITHOUG","funder_award_id":"NNX10AE01G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6202042372","display_name":"THIS STUDY WILL DETERMINE THE FLAMMABILITY OF SEVERAL THIN SOLID MATERIALS. THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED WILL ALSO HELP VERIFY AND IMPROVE PREDICTIVE CAPAB","funder_award_id":"NNX13AL10A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323220","display_name":"Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/017nq0d63"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160260331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160260331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997452989","https://openalex.org/W2006923770","https://openalex.org/W2008116997","https://openalex.org/W2016146543","https://openalex.org/W2084768513","https://openalex.org/W2088163564","https://openalex.org/W3173205061","https://openalex.org/W4220755539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7133863563","https://openalex.org/W4400142365","https://openalex.org/W4417467033","https://openalex.org/W7171642724","https://openalex.org/W2981813409","https://openalex.org/W7138897005","https://openalex.org/W3043353236","https://openalex.org/W7160331690","https://openalex.org/W3196163207","https://openalex.org/W2011984376"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1,213],"considers":[2],"the":[3,14,24,39,47,70,86,117,120,136,144,150,153,156,162,168,173,187,225,231,239,244,255],"effect":[4,40,240],"of":[5,26,29,41,49,69,100,103,110,119,125,152,161,165,238,246,257],"ambient":[6,87,126,137,169,188,262],"pressure":[7,127,138,164,170,189],"and":[8,63,72,85,105,128,148,167,190,206,269],"an":[9,42,177],"external":[10,43,129,140],"radiant":[11,44,77,141,191],"flux":[12,45,142],"on":[13,46,186,203,243],"limiting":[15],"oxygen":[16,104,166,180],"concentration":[17],"(LOC)":[18],"for":[19],"flames":[20],"spreading":[21],"downward":[22],"over":[23],"surface":[25],"cylindrical":[27],"samples":[28],"black":[30],"polymethyl":[31],"methacrylate":[32],"(PMMA).":[33],"The":[34,60,76,193,209,248],"objective":[35],"is":[36,66,113],"to":[37,82,93,115,197,221,234],"determine":[38,116],"LOC":[48,118,151,157,174,245],"combustible":[50],"solid":[51],"materials":[52],"in":[53,56,159,224,266],"environments":[54,242],"expected":[55],"future":[57],"spacecraft":[58,241],"cabins.":[59],"experimental":[61],"apparatus":[62],"testing":[64],"methodology":[65],"a":[67,101,108,123],"combination":[68],"LOI":[71],"LIFT":[73],"test":[74],"apparatuses.":[75],"heating":[78],"ranges":[79],"from":[80,90,211,219],"0":[81],"3.3":[83],"kW/m^2":[84],"pressures":[88],"tested":[89],"100":[91],"kPa":[92],"40":[94],"kPa.":[95],"An":[96],"upward":[97],"forced":[98],"flow":[99],"mixture":[102],"nitrogen":[106],"with":[107,217],"velocity":[109],"10":[111],"cm/s":[112],"used":[114],"PMMA":[121],"as":[122,265],"function":[124],"heat":[130],"flux.":[131,192],"Results":[132],"show":[133],"that":[134,172,183],"increasing":[135],"or":[139],"increases":[143],"flame":[145],"spread":[146],"rate":[147],"decreases":[149],"PMMA.":[154],"Correlating":[155],"data":[158,210,218],"terms":[160],"partial":[163],"shows":[171],"occurs":[175],"at":[176,260],"approximately":[178],"constant":[179],"mole":[181],"fraction":[182],"depends":[184],"weakly":[185],"combustion":[194],"mechanisms":[195],"leading":[196],"this":[198,212],"result":[199],"are":[200],"discussed":[201],"based":[202],"simple":[204],"equations":[205],"phenomenological":[207],"arguments.":[208],"will":[214,250],"be":[215,222],"compared":[216],"experiments":[220],"conducted":[223],"International":[226],"Space":[227],"Station":[228],"(ISS)":[229],"under":[230],"SoFIE-MIST":[232],"project,":[233],"provide":[235],"further":[236,252],"understanding":[237],"materials.":[247],"results":[249],"give":[251],"insight":[253],"into":[254],"flammability":[256],"materials,":[258],"particularly":[259],"subatmospheric":[261],"pressures,":[263],"such":[264],"spacecraft,":[267],"aircraft,":[268],"high-altitude":[270],"locations.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
