{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160254012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","title":"Associations between routine systemic biochemical indices and semen quality: a cross-sectional study in men undergoing health examination","display_name":"Associations between routine systemic biochemical indices and semen quality: a cross-sectional study in men undergoing health examination","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160254012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76251-z_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76251-z_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135284747","display_name":"Xihuan Ren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xihuan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135410472","display_name":"Lin Ni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135387633","display_name":"Yun Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027278571","display_name":"Gang An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-4614","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-4614"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135410197","display_name":"Xiangqun Fan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangqun Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103975574","display_name":"Dianliang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9582-3936","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9582-3936"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129708740","display_name":"Fujian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dianliang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9582-3936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103975574","https://openalex.org/A5135410197"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129708740"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2370647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13242","display_name":"Male Reproductive Health Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12866","display_name":"Urologic and reproductive health conditions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-quality","display_name":"semen quality","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-examination","display_name":"medical examination","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semen-volume","display_name":"semen volume","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-motility","display_name":"sperm motility","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-morphology","display_name":"sperm morphology","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-fragmentation-index","display_name":"DNA fragmentation index","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-magnesium","display_name":"serum magnesium","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconjugated-bilirubin","display_name":"unconjugated bilirubin","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-globulin","display_name":"serum globulin","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-osmolality","display_name":"serum osmolality","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-balance","display_name":"antioxidant balance","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrolyte-homeostasis","display_name":"electrolyte balance","score":0.8360000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778093475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9715","display_name":"Semen","level":2,"score":0.8284000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778080409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916689","display_name":"Semen quality","level":3,"score":0.6843000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6654999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777589648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501844","display_name":"Semen analysis","level":4,"score":0.4982999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.43869999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81358767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321710","display_name":"Globulin","level":2,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992763968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Health examination","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777513400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104219","display_name":"Bilirubin","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776125364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169219","display_name":"Albumin","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76251-z_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8982176/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8982176/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8982176/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8982176/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76251-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76251-z_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5779550483","display_name":"\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u5bff\u547d\u4e0e\u7537\u6027\u7cbe\u6db2\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"2024J011060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160254012.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7160254012.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529032236","https://openalex.org/W1901042856","https://openalex.org/W1904014921","https://openalex.org/W2055152778","https://openalex.org/W2149117400","https://openalex.org/W2538474177","https://openalex.org/W2893885083","https://openalex.org/W2896897028","https://openalex.org/W3095022642","https://openalex.org/W3124609171","https://openalex.org/W3128472206","https://openalex.org/W3131857447","https://openalex.org/W3199726259","https://openalex.org/W4210349778","https://openalex.org/W4214576200","https://openalex.org/W4283392440","https://openalex.org/W4309099580","https://openalex.org/W4316669720","https://openalex.org/W4318450496","https://openalex.org/W4367053148","https://openalex.org/W4376645237","https://openalex.org/W4381166300","https://openalex.org/W4386602488","https://openalex.org/W4386700080","https://openalex.org/W4387642865","https://openalex.org/W4392358428","https://openalex.org/W4393951381","https://openalex.org/W4399082976","https://openalex.org/W4399352462","https://openalex.org/W4399672281","https://openalex.org/W4399941147","https://openalex.org/W4404010916","https://openalex.org/W4406369945","https://openalex.org/W4407183501","https://openalex.org/W4407224779","https://openalex.org/W4408055344","https://openalex.org/W4409361429","https://openalex.org/W4409441412","https://openalex.org/W4411570575","https://openalex.org/W4413452517","https://openalex.org/W4413486552","https://openalex.org/W4417018159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7172221562","https://openalex.org/W2409901828","https://openalex.org/W4399941147","https://openalex.org/W2902870184","https://openalex.org/W4206852270","https://openalex.org/W3014680601","https://openalex.org/W7160372404","https://openalex.org/W3200872148","https://openalex.org/W4387867224","https://openalex.org/W2110016347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"To":[2],"evaluate":[3],"associations":[4,148,166],"between":[5,100],"routinely":[6],"measured":[7],"systemic":[8,181],"biochemical":[9,41,182],"indices":[10,63,183],"and":[11,39,54,74,105,112,124,158,165,207,215],"semen":[12,37,101,188],"quality":[13],"parameters":[14,44],"in":[15],"a":[16,117,137],"real-world":[17],"health-check":[18,178],"population.":[19],"Methods":[20],"This":[21],"cross-sectional":[22,192],"observational":[23],"study":[24],"included":[25],"264":[26],"men":[27],"aged":[28],"21\u201360":[29],"years":[30],"who":[31],"underwent":[32],"standardized":[33],"health":[34],"examinations,":[35],"including":[36],"analysis":[38],"comprehensive":[40],"testing.":[42,93],"Semen":[43],"were":[45,57,64,78,98,163,171],"evaluated":[46],"according":[47],"to":[48,89,211],"WHO":[49],"reference":[50],"limits":[51],"(2010":[52],"edition),":[53],"all":[55],"outcomes":[56],"analyzed":[58],"as":[59,173,198],"continuous":[60],"variables.":[61],"Biochemical":[62],"categorized":[65],"into":[66],"predefined":[67],"domains":[68],"reflecting":[69],"metabolic":[70],"status,":[71],"oxidative/antioxidant":[72],"balance,":[73],"electrolyte\u2013osmotic":[75],"homeostasis.":[76],"Associations":[77],"assessed":[79],"using":[80],"correlation":[81,140],"analyses":[82],"with":[83,121,130,141,149,187],"false":[84],"discovery":[85],"rate":[86],"(FDR)":[87],"adjustment":[88,170],"control":[90],"for":[91],"multiple":[92],"Results":[94],"Weak":[95],"inverse":[96],"correlations":[97,186],"observed":[99],"volume":[102],"or":[103],"motility":[104],"age,":[106],"BMI,":[107],"diastolic":[108],"blood":[109],"pressure,":[110],"glucose,":[111],"triglycerides.":[113],"Serum":[114,133,144],"magnesium":[115],"showed":[116,184],"modest":[118,185],"positive":[119,139],"association":[120],"progressive":[122],"motility,":[123],"unconjugated":[125],"bilirubin":[126],"was":[127],"positively":[128],"associated":[129],"normal":[131,142],"morphology.":[132,143,159],"globulin":[134],"levels":[135],"demonstrated":[136],"small":[138],"osmolality":[145],"exhibited":[146],"consistent":[147],"DNA":[150,155],"fragmentation":[151],"index":[152],"(DFI),":[153],"high":[154],"stainability":[156],"(HDS),":[157],"Most":[160],"effect":[161],"sizes":[162],"small,":[164],"not":[167],"surviving":[168],"FDR":[169],"interpreted":[172,197],"exploratory.":[174],"Conclusion":[175],"In":[176],"this":[177],"population,":[179],"routine":[180],"parameters.":[189],"Given":[190],"the":[191],"design,":[193],"findings":[194],"should":[195],"be":[196],"associative":[199],"rather":[200],"than":[201],"causal.":[202],"These":[203],"results":[204],"are":[205],"hypothesis-generating":[206],"warrant":[208],"longitudinal":[209],"validation":[210],"clarify":[212],"temporal":[213],"relationships":[214],"biological":[216],"mechanisms.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
