{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7159595644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","title":"Microwave Aquathermolysis of Oil Shales: Enhancement of Light Hydrocarbon Yield and Modification of Gaseous Product Composition","display_name":"Microwave Aquathermolysis of Oil Shales: Enhancement of Light Hydrocarbon Yield and Modification of Gaseous Product Composition","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7159595644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","pdf_url":"https://ejc.buketov.edu.kz/ejc/article/download/667/414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287614","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Chemistry","issn_l":"2959-0663","issn":["2959-0663","2959-0671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-d","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800164252","host_organization_name":"Karaganda Buketov University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800164252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejc.buketov.edu.kz/ejc/article/download/667/414","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076951206","display_name":"Peri A. Muradova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2803-9509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2803-9509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115115","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan","ror":"https://ror.org/022arna15","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peri A. Muradova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Chemistry of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2803-9509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chemistry of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061007203","display_name":"Yuriy N. Litvishkov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126595936","display_name":"Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/006m4q736","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126595936"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuriy N. Litvishkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126595936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069521472","display_name":"Elnur E. Baloglanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3620-0052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3620-0052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282857","display_name":"Geologiya \u0130nstitutu","ror":"https://ror.org/00jpqpk14","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115","https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elnur E. Baloglanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3620-0052","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003875584","display_name":"Ulviyya J. Yolchuyeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4419-1016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4419-1016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113330528","display_name":"Khazar University","ror":"https://ror.org/014te7048","country_code":"AZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113330528"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127900","display_name":"Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction","ror":"https://ror.org/02shm3a27","country_code":"AZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127900"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154746","display_name":"Institute of Petrochemical Processes Named after Academician Y.H.Mamedaliyev","ror":"https://ror.org/04r6r5p42","country_code":"AZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115","https://openalex.org/I4210154746"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulviyya J. Yolchuyeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Petrochemical Processes named after Academician Y. Mammadaliyev  of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Petrochemical Processes named after Academician Y. Mammadaliyev  of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113330528","https://openalex.org/I4210127900","https://openalex.org/I4210154746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117289982","display_name":"Ruslan V. Akhundov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6447-1952","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6447-1952"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282857","display_name":"Geologiya \u0130nstitutu","ror":"https://ror.org/00jpqpk14","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115","https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruslan V. Akhundov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6447-1952","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119894277","display_name":"Elmar Samedov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6835-0229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6835-0229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282857","display_name":"Geologiya \u0130nstitutu","ror":"https://ror.org/00jpqpk14","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115115","https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elmar S. Samedov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405282857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6698,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81954965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2(122)","first_page":"102","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.35569998621940613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.35569998621940613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12270","display_name":"Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications","score":0.3522999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.26980000734329224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-shale","display_name":"oil shale","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kerogen-conversion","display_name":"kerogen conversion","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sara-fractionation","display_name":"SARA fractionation","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resins-and-asphaltenes","display_name":"resins and asphaltenes","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconventional-hydrocarbons","display_name":"unconventional hydrocarbon resources","score":0.6660000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153127940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221378","display_name":"Oil shale","level":2,"score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779196632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938398","display_name":"Kerogen","level":4,"score":0.7386000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6563000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777207669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43648","display_name":"Hydrocarbon","level":2,"score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4862000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.48249998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55766333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11136680","display_name":"Inert gas","level":2,"score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.4226999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68189081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748","display_name":"Fossil fuel","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160434732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2611095","display_name":"Thermal decomposition","level":2,"score":0.3619000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175234220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860587","display_name":"Steam injection","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777720266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19834818","display_name":"Aromatic hydrocarbon","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28292411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047462","display_name":"Light crude oil","level":2,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989390135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466500","display_name":"Microwave heating","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154256306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41795528","display_name":"Inert","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95950515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3081242","display_name":"Shale oil","level":3,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","pdf_url":"https://ejc.buketov.edu.kz/ejc/article/download/667/414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287614","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Chemistry","issn_l":"2959-0663","issn":["2959-0663","2959-0671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-d","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800164252","host_organization_name":"Karaganda Buketov University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800164252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2959-0663/2-26-5","pdf_url":"https://ejc.buketov.edu.kz/ejc/article/download/667/414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287614","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Chemistry","issn_l":"2959-0663","issn":["2959-0663","2959-0671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-d","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800164252","host_organization_name":"Karaganda Buketov University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800164252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8485000133514404,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7159595644.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7159595644.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033660220","https://openalex.org/W2038999199","https://openalex.org/W2092461898","https://openalex.org/W2792758585","https://openalex.org/W2792951010","https://openalex.org/W2912797052","https://openalex.org/W2962403113","https://openalex.org/W2973914689","https://openalex.org/W3002335507","https://openalex.org/W3088735809","https://openalex.org/W3090341119","https://openalex.org/W3108338311","https://openalex.org/W3183920392","https://openalex.org/W3198223387","https://openalex.org/W4235964998","https://openalex.org/W4315745360","https://openalex.org/W4318307914","https://openalex.org/W4318991814","https://openalex.org/W4367185407","https://openalex.org/W4377226214","https://openalex.org/W4381543907","https://openalex.org/W4385666421","https://openalex.org/W4386473939","https://openalex.org/W4386894053","https://openalex.org/W4387336418","https://openalex.org/W4388126982","https://openalex.org/W4388208410","https://openalex.org/W4392254860","https://openalex.org/W4392589544","https://openalex.org/W4392718607","https://openalex.org/W4396783464","https://openalex.org/W4399927758","https://openalex.org/W4402959635","https://openalex.org/W4403344096","https://openalex.org/W4403381132","https://openalex.org/W4404882100","https://openalex.org/W4408504348","https://openalex.org/W4409208434","https://openalex.org/W4409756204","https://openalex.org/W4410344963","https://openalex.org/W4410810943","https://openalex.org/W4410975452","https://openalex.org/W4412531488","https://openalex.org/W4413881592","https://openalex.org/W4414935897","https://openalex.org/W7130360590","https://openalex.org/W7135168016","https://openalex.org/W7140140108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002393556","https://openalex.org/W3183920392","https://openalex.org/W4256657222","https://openalex.org/W4232236113","https://openalex.org/W7155179069","https://openalex.org/W2495396997","https://openalex.org/W6926283921","https://openalex.org/W2080800955","https://openalex.org/W1999904722","https://openalex.org/W4200503489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,72],"growing":[1],"global":[2],"demand":[3],"for":[4,60,183],"energy":[5],"and":[6,19,70,95,105,111,131,133,142,158,174,188],"the":[7,15,39,165],"depletion":[8],"of":[9,17,41,90,122,128,150,155,161],"conventional":[10,42,177],"light":[11,123],"hydrocarbon":[12],"resources":[13],"necessitate":[14],"development":[16],"alternative":[18],"hard-to-recover":[20],"feedstocks,":[21],"among":[22],"which":[23],"oil":[24,61,186],"shales":[25,187],"represent":[26],"a":[27,87,125],"strategically":[28],"important":[29],"resource":[30],"due":[31],"to":[32,102,118],"their":[33],"vast":[34],"reserves.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"study,":[38],"efficiency":[40],"microwave":[43,54,77,169,178],"thermolysis":[44],"in":[45,136],"an":[46,52,119],"inert":[47],"atmosphere":[48],"is":[49,171],"compared":[50],"with":[51,86],"innovative":[53],"aquathermolysis":[55,99,170],"approach":[56],"employing":[57],"activated":[58],"steam":[59],"shale":[62],"samples":[63],"from":[64],"three":[65],"Azerbaijani":[66,185],"deposits":[67],"(Diyally,":[68],"Guba,":[69],"Jangichay).":[71],"experiments":[73],"were":[74],"conducted":[75],"under":[76],"irradiation":[78],"(2.45":[79],"GHz,":[80],"600\u2013800":[81],"W)":[82],"at":[83],"300\u2013400":[84],"\u00b0C":[85],"treatment":[88],"duration":[89],"20":[91],"minutes,":[92],"ensuring":[93],"rapid":[94],"uniform":[96],"heating.":[97],"Microwave":[98],"was":[100],"shown":[101],"enhance":[103],"heat":[104],"mass":[106],"transfer,":[107],"promoting":[108],"deeper":[109],"degassing":[110],"partial":[112,159],"kerogen":[113],"conversion.":[114],"Steam":[115],"activation":[116],"led":[117],"increased":[120],"yield":[121],"hydrocarbons,":[124],"marked":[126],"reduction":[127],"heavy":[129],"resins":[130],"asphaltenes,":[132],"significant":[134],"changes":[135],"gaseous":[137],"product":[138],"composition.":[139],"Gas":[140],"chromatographic":[141],"SARA":[143],"analyses":[144],"confirmed":[145],"accelerated":[146],"thermochemical":[147],"reactions,":[148],"suppression":[149],"secondary":[151],"coking,":[152],"steam-assisted":[153],"conversion":[154],"carbon":[156],"oxides,":[157],"hydrogenation":[160],"unsaturated":[162],"compounds.":[163],"Overall,":[164],"results":[166],"indicate":[167],"that":[168],"more":[172],"efficient":[173],"energy-saving":[175],"than":[176],"thermolysis,":[179],"demonstrating":[180],"strong":[181],"potential":[182],"processing":[184],"other":[189],"kerogen-rich":[190],"unconventional":[191],"resources.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-05-02T00:00:00"}