{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7159123729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","title":"Emodin Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential in Fibrocartilage Stem Cells for Temporomandibular Joint Cartilage Regeneration","display_name":"Emodin Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential in Fibrocartilage Stem Cells for Temporomandibular Joint Cartilage Regeneration","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7159123729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42059210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223497","display_name":"Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy","issn_l":"1574-888X","issn":["1574-888X","2212-3946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004420219","display_name":"Jiayi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2606-9619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2606-9619","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9762-5133"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2606-9619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003067115","display_name":"Danhua Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-9237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-9237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danhua Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-9237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134924982","display_name":"Rundong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5693-2060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5693-2060"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148790","display_name":"Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05pwsw714","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rundong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5693-2060","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliated Hangzhou First People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148790"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134907108","display_name":"Yanzhen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5721-8576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5721-8576"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanzhen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5721-8576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050989","display_name":"Yuxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9190-8734","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9190-8734","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9649-4459","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6593-0523","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1085-8330","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4862-9613","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-5615","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-2706","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-5518","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-7569","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9156-0377","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9613-6372","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-4455","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-140X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0763-1513","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-238X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-9262","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-6383","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1842-339X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5620-2328","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-791X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7546-2096","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-0858","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-6856","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-6454","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0695-8861","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0800-8990","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-2234","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-8232","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2622-8989","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2749-7793","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0458-5120","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1339-8458","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0348-0666","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3428-0763","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3987-6750","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4636-5916","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5987-383X","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9894-7141","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8960-8225","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9941-8054","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3811-7044","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4201-4830","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5386-7273","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8483-5733","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9808-4715","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9066-2258","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1069-045X","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3481-5165","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9041-3646","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0079-0470","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2445-819X","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4724-950X","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6200-4279","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0640-6238","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2822-2488","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7110-6722","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8173-6349","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3338-1309","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3939-3458","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9717-8481","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8833-2497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-2706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29447904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10176","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell research","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11570","display_name":"Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emodin","display_name":"emodin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chondrogenic-differentiation","display_name":"chondrogenic differentiation","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporomandibular-joint-osteoarthritis","display_name":"temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartilage-degeneration","display_name":"cartilage degeneration","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-proliferation","display_name":"cell proliferation","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-collagen","display_name":"type I collagen","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adipogenic-differentiation","display_name":"adipogenesis","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteogenic-differentiation","display_name":"osteogenic differentiation","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggrecan","display_name":"aggrecan","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ppargamma","display_name":"PPAR\u03b3","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781218938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2192944","display_name":"Fibrocartilage","level":5,"score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5104524","display_name":"Chondrogenesis","level":3,"score":0.8282999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197534660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21121862","display_name":"Aggrecan","level":5,"score":0.7777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780550940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502730","display_name":"Cartilage","level":2,"score":0.7063999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4348178","display_name":"Emodin","level":2,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5738999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189165786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193825","display_name":"Extracellular matrix","level":2,"score":0.4903999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776164576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62736","display_name":"Osteoarthritis","level":3,"score":0.46059998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53227056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189152","display_name":"Viability assay","level":3,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148738053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210861","display_name":"Cellular differentiation","level":3,"score":0.3774000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776268809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25581","display_name":"Synovial fluid","level":4,"score":0.35249999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96646087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978198","display_name":"Condyle","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776415932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48743","display_name":"Western blot","level":3,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779663596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2741512","display_name":"Synovial joint","level":5,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778232976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15320335","display_name":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein","level":4,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827134","display_name":"Temporomandibular joint","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62112901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189159","display_name":"Cell growth","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777652487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575064","display_name":"Synovial membrane","level":3,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776033226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828410","display_name":"Osteoclast","level":3,"score":0.25040000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888x436705260217044140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223497","display_name":"Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy","issn_l":"1574-888X","issn":["1574-888X","2212-3946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42059210","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42059210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Temporomandibular":[1,246],"Joint":[2,247],"Osteoarthritis":[3],"(TMJOA)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,19,48,123,218],"degenerative":[7],"disease":[8],"mainly":[9],"characterized":[10,64],"by":[11],"cartilage":[12,17,55,114,243],"degeneration.":[13],"Regeneration":[14],"of":[15,30,73,80,111,149,163,187,193,212,232,239],"condylar":[16,54],"plays":[18],"crucial":[20],"role":[21],"in":[22,36,126,222,241,244],"enhancing":[23],"joint":[24],"function":[25],"and":[26,39,63,78,91,98,113,129,167,178,190,195],"mitigating":[27],"the":[28,71,85,108,130,150,160,210,229,235,245],"advancement":[29],"TMJOA.":[31],"Emodin":[32],"has":[33],"shown":[34],"efficacy":[35],"promoting":[37,53],"osteogenesis":[38],"inhibiting":[40],"extracellular":[41],"matrix":[42],"degradation,":[43],"suggesting":[44],"its":[45],"potential":[46,236],"as":[47,172,174],"novel":[49],"therapeutic":[50,237],"approach":[51],"for":[52],"regeneration.":[56],"METHODS:":[57],"In":[58,225],"this":[59],"study,":[60],"we":[61],"isolated":[62],"distinct":[65],"Fibrocartilage":[66],"Stem":[67],"Cells":[68],"(FCSCs)":[69],"from":[70],"condyles":[72],"Sprague":[74],"Dawley":[75],"rats.":[76],"Proliferation":[77],"differentiation":[79,211,231],"FCSCs":[81,213],"were":[82,104],"assessed":[83],"using":[84,144],"Cell":[86],"Counting":[87],"Kit-8":[88],"(CCK-8)":[89],"assay":[90,121],"two-dimensional":[92],"(2D)":[93],"monolayer":[94],"cultures.":[95],"Western":[96,180],"blot":[97,181],"Quantitative":[99],"Real-Time":[100],"PCR":[101],"(qRT-PCR)":[102],"analyses":[103],"conducted":[105],"to":[106],"evaluate":[107],"expression":[109],"levels":[110,186,192],"bone":[112],"anabolic":[115],"metabolism":[116],"markers.":[117],"RESULTS:":[118],"The":[119],"CCK-8":[120],"demonstrated":[122,205],"dose-dependent":[124],"increase":[125],"cell":[127,132],"proliferation,":[128],"peak":[131],"viability":[133],"was":[134],"observed":[135],"at":[136],"approximately":[137],"20":[138,200],"\u03bcM":[139],"(P":[140,156,169],"<":[141,157,170],"0.01).":[142],"Analysis":[143],"qRT-PCR":[145],"revealed":[146],"significant":[147],"upregulation":[148],"fibrocartilage-specific":[151,230],"marker,":[152],"specifically":[153],"Col":[154,188],"I":[155,189],"0.0001),":[158],"alongside":[159],"concurrent":[161],"downregulation":[162],"adipogenic":[164],"markers":[165,176],"Ppar-\u03b3":[166],"LPL":[168],"0.05),":[171],"well":[173],"osteogenic":[175],"ACAN":[177,194],"ALP.":[179],"analysis":[182],"further":[183],"confirmed":[184],"elevated":[185],"reduced":[191],"ALP":[196],"following":[197],"treatment":[198],"with":[199],"\u03bcM.":[201],"DISCUSSION:":[202],"Our":[203],"findings":[204],"that":[206],"emodin":[207,227,240],"selectively":[208],"promoted":[209],"towards":[214],"chondrogenic":[215],"lineages":[216],"within":[217],"specific":[219],"concentration":[220],"range":[221],"vitro.":[223],"CONCLUSION:":[224],"conclusion,":[226],"enhanced":[228],"FCSCs,":[233],"indicating":[234],"application":[238],"regenerating":[242],"(TMJ).":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-05-01T00:00:00"}
