{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155408656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","title":"Innovative Digital Mapping of Soil Organic Matter Content in Oil Palm Using Image Analysis","display_name":"Innovative Digital Mapping of Soil Organic Matter Content in Oil Palm Using Image Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155408656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","pdf_url":"https://journal.ipb.ac.id/JIPI/article/download/65481/32852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737062525","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","issn_l":"0853-4217","issn":["0853-4217","2443-3462"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314920","host_organization_name":"Bogor Institute of Agriculture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314920"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bogor Institute of Agriculture"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journal.ipb.ac.id/JIPI/article/download/65481/32852","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081098870","display_name":"Ida Ratna Nila","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ida Ratna Nila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134451468","display_name":"Rahmawati Rahmawati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahmawati Rahmawati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics    Study    Program,    Faculty    of    Science    and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics    Study    Program,    Faculty    of    Science    and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025540381","display_name":"Muhammad Ari Fahril","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2851-7306","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2851-7306"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ari Fahril","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021331837","display_name":"Sabrian Tri Anda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-4999","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-4999"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabrian Tri Anda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074590628","display_name":"Rachmad Almi Putra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0852-0804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0852-0804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachmad Almi Putra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033947355","display_name":"Fajriani Fajriani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-2567","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-2567","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7743-7081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fajriani Fajriani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002066007","display_name":"Afrahun Naziah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129979466","display_name":"Samudra University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpyzk95","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afrahun Naziah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geophysics   Study   Program,   Faculty   of   Science   and Technology, SamudraUniversity, Aceh 24416,Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129979466"],"apc_list":{"value":800000,"currency":"IDR","value_usd":75},"apc_paid":{"value":800000,"currency":"IDR","value_usd":75},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17902542,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"385","last_page":"392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.006599999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-matter","display_name":"soil organic matter","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-palm-plantations","display_name":"oil palm plantations","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-soil-mapping","display_name":"digital soil mapping","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"image processing","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-analysis","display_name":"spectral analysis","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"spatial variability","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"precision agriculture","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-ph","display_name":"soil pH","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-electrical-conductivity","display_name":"soil electrical conductivity","score":0.75}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48743137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783121","display_name":"Organic matter","level":2,"score":0.6960999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6395999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988237154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231458","display_name":"Palm oil","level":2,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.6251999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182124840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154759","display_name":"Soil organic matter","level":3,"score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71864017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889561","display_name":"Soil map","level":3,"score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.38909998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104471815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276164","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","level":4,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94598645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2347874","display_name":"Palm","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776364302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1845437","display_name":"Oil field","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118817206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165647","display_name":"Organic farming","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153620","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","pdf_url":"https://journal.ipb.ac.id/JIPI/article/download/65481/32852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737062525","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","issn_l":"0853-4217","issn":["0853-4217","2443-3462"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314920","host_organization_name":"Bogor Institute of Agriculture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314920"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bogor Institute of Agriculture"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.31.2.385","pdf_url":"https://journal.ipb.ac.id/JIPI/article/download/65481/32852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737062525","display_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","issn_l":"0853-4217","issn":["0853-4217","2443-3462"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314920","host_organization_name":"Bogor Institute of Agriculture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314920"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bogor Institute of Agriculture"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8409000039100647,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7155408656.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7155408656.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2102148524","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2958221227","https://openalex.org/W3114610859","https://openalex.org/W4220683130","https://openalex.org/W4285091009","https://openalex.org/W4321459924","https://openalex.org/W4378234338","https://openalex.org/W4391840410","https://openalex.org/W4400101436","https://openalex.org/W4405655923","https://openalex.org/W4410070944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999338867","https://openalex.org/W4400041571","https://openalex.org/W2017939371","https://openalex.org/W2616635350","https://openalex.org/W4372295157","https://openalex.org/W2119519925","https://openalex.org/W2950291163","https://openalex.org/W2984531413","https://openalex.org/W3181933171","https://openalex.org/W1968939405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,23,72,89,106],"goal":[1],"of":[2,17,28,39,74,86,99],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6,11,81,116],"use":[7],"image":[8,90,128],"processing":[9],"technology":[10],"map":[12],"the":[13,61,96],"organic":[14,69,75,100,126],"matter":[15,70,76,101],"content":[16,77,102],"soil":[18,68,125],"in":[19,60,120],"oil":[20,29,121,130],"palm":[21,122],"plantations.":[22],"data":[24],"set":[25],"comprises":[26],"photos":[27],"palms":[30],"and":[31,46,67],"bare":[32],"land,":[33],"as":[34,36],"well":[35],"field":[37],"measurements":[38],"pH,":[40],"humidity,":[41],"temperature,":[42],"total":[43],"dissolved":[44],"solids,":[45],"electrical":[47],"conductivity.":[48],"Correlation":[49],"analysis":[50],"revealed":[51],"a":[52],"strong":[53],"link":[54],"between":[55],"picture":[56],"spectral":[57],"components":[58],"(particularly":[59],"blue":[62],"channel,":[63],"r":[64],"=":[65],"0.3640)":[66],"content.":[71],"distribution":[73],"ranges":[78],"from":[79],"4.5":[80],"5.5%,":[82],"with":[83,103],"an":[84],"average":[85],"around":[87],"5%.":[88],"processing-based":[91],"predictive":[92],"model":[93],"successfully":[94],"mapped":[95],"spatial":[97,110],"variation":[98],"high":[104],"accuracy.":[105],"mapping":[107],"results":[108],"demonstrate":[109],"variability,":[111],"which":[112],"can":[113],"be":[114],"exploited":[115],"support":[117],"precision":[118,133],"agriculture":[119,134],"areas.":[123],"Keywords:":[124],"matter,":[127],"processing,":[129],"palm,":[131],"mapping,":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-04-24T00:00:00"}
