{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155204792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","title":"Digital Payment Systems in Iraq : Current Status and Development Challenges","display_name":"Digital Payment Systems in Iraq : Current Status and Development Challenges","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155204792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62f0f50a5ce743ada6a9c02da12f94c0","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.25673/123145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp 1015-1021 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7155204792"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134318890","display_name":"Ahmed Abdullah Al-Waili","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Al-Waili, Ahmed Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020460699","display_name":"Mustafa Kamil Rasheed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-7867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-7867"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasheed, Mustafa Kamil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107162071","display_name":"Amer Sami Muneer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muneer, Amer Sami","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13346","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Financial Services","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13346","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Financial Services","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-payment-systems","display_name":"electronic payment systems","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-payments","display_name":"digital payments","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-banking","display_name":"digital banking","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-inclusion","display_name":"financial inclusion","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-stability","display_name":"financial stability","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-bank-of-iraq","display_name":"Central Bank of Iraq","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cybersecurity","display_name":"cybersecurity","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"digital transformation","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq","display_name":"Iraq","score":0.7549999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6998000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6786999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60852","display_name":"Financial inclusion","level":3,"score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.6238999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185822510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956140","display_name":"Payment service provider","level":3,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986008","display_name":"Payment system","level":3,"score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.47360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4700999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323528","display_name":"Digital strategy","level":4,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122941539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10836209","display_name":"Electronic money","level":3,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987677221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188506","display_name":"Electronic banking","level":3,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190978112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17074350","display_name":"Payment processor","level":3,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540431452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16319025","display_name":"FinTech","level":3,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71052197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914495","display_name":"Electronic funds transfer","level":3,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143910263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750458","display_name":"Capital market","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65257409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q734253","display_name":"Electronic business","level":3,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992735868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66344","display_name":"Central bank","level":3,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203043789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138461","display_name":"Digital economy","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62f0f50a5ce743ada6a9c02da12f94c0","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.25673/123145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp 1015-1021 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.25673/123145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401651","display_name":"Digitalen Hochschulbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt (Universit\u00e4ts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122374","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e4ts Frauenklinik","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122374"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.25673/123145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25673/123145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401651","display_name":"Digitalen Hochschulbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt (Universit\u00e4ts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122374","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e4ts Frauenklinik","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122374"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162665602","https://openalex.org/W7163051304","https://openalex.org/W7125505340","https://openalex.org/W7218000418","https://openalex.org/W2947912639","https://openalex.org/W7132501280","https://openalex.org/W3023145126","https://openalex.org/W4409864124","https://openalex.org/W4411128758","https://openalex.org/W7218973674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,99,126,141],"global":[1],"landscape":[2],"is":[3,73,109],"evolving":[4],"towards":[5,77],"a":[6,74],"more":[7],"sophisticated":[8],"digital":[9,32,152,160,170,193],"framework":[10],"that":[11,58,102,129,144],"fosters":[12],"artificial":[13],"intelligence":[14],"and":[15,23,27,50,70,80,86,92,163,172,174,199],"delivers":[16],"superior":[17],"services":[18,47,108,132],"to":[19,40,84,111,121,190],"customers":[20],"both":[21],"domestically":[22],"internationally,":[24],"promoting":[25],"competition":[26],"accelerating":[28],"the":[29,35,42,61,103,113,123,138,145,157,166,178],"enhancement":[30,168],"of":[31,44,64,105,115,148,159,169,181],"infrastructure":[33],"around":[34],"world.":[36],"This":[37],"research":[38,139,142],"aims":[39],"assess":[41,151],"development":[43],"electronic":[45,106,130],"payment":[46,107,131],"in":[48,88,95,118,133],"Iraq":[49,134,149],"investigate":[51],"whether":[52],"they":[53],"have":[54],"made":[55],"significant":[56],"progress":[57],"aligns":[59],"with":[60],"Central":[62,146],"Bank":[63,147],"Iraq's":[65],"strategy":[66],"for":[67],"financial":[68,82,90],"inclusion":[69],"stability,":[71],"which":[72],"crucial":[75],"step":[76],"encouraging":[78],"banks":[79,117],"other":[81,187,200],"institutions":[83,189],"cooperate":[85],"collaborate":[87],"enhancing":[89],"access":[91],"investing":[93],"capital":[94],"local":[96,124],"production":[97],"sectors.":[98],"study":[100],"posits":[101],"advancement":[104],"adequate":[110],"improve":[112],"efficiency":[114],"Iraqi":[116],"utilizing":[119],"funds":[120],"bolster":[122],"economy.":[125],"findings":[127],"indicated":[128],"were":[135],"limited":[136],"during":[137],"timeframe.":[140],"recommended":[143],"regularly":[150],"banking":[153],"performance,":[154],"focusing":[155],"on":[156],"implementation":[158],"cybersecurity":[161],"measures":[162],"protection":[164],"standards,":[165],"ongoing":[167],"functionalities":[171],"services,":[173],"their":[175],"incorporation":[176],"into":[177],"annual":[179],"evaluations":[180],"these":[182],"banks.":[183],"It":[184],"also":[185],"urged":[186],"economic":[188],"embrace":[191],"advanced":[192],"transformation":[194],"across":[195],"all":[196],"commercial,":[197],"production,":[198],"operations.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00"}