{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154998639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634","title":"Examining the Role of EFL Teacher\u2010Care and Credibility on Students' Motivation and Psychological Well\u2010Being in Smart Classrooms","display_name":"Examining the Role of EFL Teacher\u2010Care and Credibility on Students' Motivation and Psychological Well\u2010Being in Smart Classrooms","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154998639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ejed.70634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71191459","display_name":"European Journal of Education","issn_l":"0141-8211","issn":["0141-8211","1465-3435"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134052962","display_name":"Xiaoying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6443-017X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6443-017X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164946172","display_name":"Hengshui University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xvjtz09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6443-017X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134032615","display_name":"Zhigang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6860-8957","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6860-8957"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164946172","display_name":"Hengshui University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xvjtz09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6860-8957","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100596449","display_name":"Qian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8711-4563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8711-4563"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164946172","display_name":"Hengshui University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xvjtz09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8711-4563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Foreign Languages Hengshui University  Hengshui China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134032615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12950","display_name":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","score":0.6586999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12950","display_name":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","score":0.6586999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.1770000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.044599998742341995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-credibility","display_name":"teacher credibility","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-care","display_name":"teacher care","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-motivation","display_name":"student motivation","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-well-being","display_name":"psychological well-being","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-classroom","display_name":"smart classroom","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning","display_name":"online learning","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-learners","display_name":"EFL learners","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-student-relationship","display_name":"teacher-student relationship","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-education","display_name":"teacher professional development","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-competencies","display_name":"relational competencies","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.8871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7555999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.5864999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.5673999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100363876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690661","display_name":"Nonprobability sampling","level":3,"score":0.4853000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.40389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.38339999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64341305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4919225","display_name":"Bivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780805685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374230","display_name":"Teacher education","level":2,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7692612","display_name":"Technology integration","level":3,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776620684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7565144","display_name":"Source credibility","level":3,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779363792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104185","display_name":"Coaching","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131158328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307337","display_name":"Social influence","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ejed.70634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.70634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71191459","display_name":"European Journal of Education","issn_l":"0141-8211","issn":["0141-8211","1465-3435"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081981742","https://openalex.org/W2149336394","https://openalex.org/W2158280305","https://openalex.org/W3011839829","https://openalex.org/W3096619463","https://openalex.org/W3157188628","https://openalex.org/W3159310751","https://openalex.org/W3160419193","https://openalex.org/W3162506392","https://openalex.org/W3176392029","https://openalex.org/W3184675501","https://openalex.org/W3199598096","https://openalex.org/W3208274726","https://openalex.org/W3210166594","https://openalex.org/W4206408419","https://openalex.org/W4221056225","https://openalex.org/W4280619361","https://openalex.org/W4285742254","https://openalex.org/W4293224501","https://openalex.org/W4319065999","https://openalex.org/W4319310603","https://openalex.org/W4322498512","https://openalex.org/W4375932838","https://openalex.org/W4378745808","https://openalex.org/W4385795720","https://openalex.org/W4389098162","https://openalex.org/W4390917196","https://openalex.org/W4391216329","https://openalex.org/W4391329500","https://openalex.org/W4391354482","https://openalex.org/W4393126053","https://openalex.org/W4393229081","https://openalex.org/W4399854224","https://openalex.org/W4400745238","https://openalex.org/W4404068293","https://openalex.org/W4404505789","https://openalex.org/W4405133124","https://openalex.org/W4405944912","https://openalex.org/W4408045013","https://openalex.org/W4410289080","https://openalex.org/W4412017822","https://openalex.org/W4412804489","https://openalex.org/W4414711012","https://openalex.org/W4415885209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391329500","https://openalex.org/W2995997061","https://openalex.org/W4415350378","https://openalex.org/W2965849944","https://openalex.org/W6927244710","https://openalex.org/W4281388339","https://openalex.org/W4389099848","https://openalex.org/W4220684853","https://openalex.org/W4383648292","https://openalex.org/W7133710160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1,41,95,134],"emergence":[2],"of":[3,10,27,51,139,152],"the":[4,8,15,22,24,45,114,132,137,149],"smart":[5,64,161],"classroom,":[6],"highlighting":[7],"incorporation":[9],"developed":[11],"digital":[12,79],"tools,":[13],"redefined":[14],"conventional":[16],"learning":[17,80],"and":[18,32,54,61,92,104,111,145,158,167],"teaching":[19],"dynamics.":[20],"In":[21],"meantime,":[23],"interpersonal":[25],"features":[26],"teaching,":[28],"especially":[29],"teacher":[30,52,93,105,117,123,146],"credibility":[31,53,91,103,144],"care,":[33,147],"are":[34],"vital":[35],"in":[36,63,78,148,160],"promoting":[37,176],"constructive":[38],"learner":[39],"results.":[40],"present":[42],"research":[43,135],"investigates":[44],"degree":[46],"to":[47,173],"which":[48],"learners'":[49,165],"perceptions":[50],"care":[55,106,118,124],"affect":[56],"their":[57],"psychological":[58],"well\u2010being":[59],"(PWB)":[60],"motivation":[62,166],"classes.":[65],"Based":[66],"on":[67],"a":[68,126],"purposive":[69],"sampling":[70],"strategy,":[71],"440":[72],"EFL":[73],"students":[74],"who":[75],"were":[76,119],"engaged":[77],"settings":[81,163],"participated.":[82],"They":[83],"completed":[84],"four":[85],"valid":[86],"questionnaires,":[87],"evaluating":[88],"PWB,":[89,174],"motivation,":[90],"care.":[94],"structural":[96],"equation":[97],"modelling":[98],"(SEM)":[99],"results":[100],"indicated":[101],"that":[102,122,171],"considerably":[107],"predicted":[108],"students'":[109],"PWB":[110],"motivation;":[112],"however,":[113],"links":[115],"with":[116,131],"stronger,":[120],"suggesting":[121],"had":[125],"more":[127],"pronounced":[128],"bivariate":[129],"relation":[130],"outcomes.":[133],"emphasises":[136],"significance":[138],"incorporating":[140],"relational":[141],"competencies,":[142],"including":[143],"professional":[150],"development":[151],"teachers.":[153],"Developing":[154],"intimacy,":[155],"actual":[156],"interplay":[157],"reliability":[159],"class":[162],"enhances":[164],"fosters":[168],"an":[169],"environment":[170],"leads":[172],"ultimately":[175],"educational":[177],"development.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-04-21T00:00:00"}
