{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154993181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","title":"Outcome of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in a Paediatric Population","display_name":"Outcome of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in a Paediatric Population","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154993181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42008987"},"language":"de","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1055/a-2733-3310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61378919","display_name":"Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde","issn_l":"0023-2165","issn":["0023-2165","0344-6360","1439-3999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057849403","display_name":"Alice Miriam Kitay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-5858","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-5858"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Miriam Kitay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","Ophthalmology, Talacker Augen Zentrum Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Talacker Augen Zentrum Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000151929","display_name":"Fabio Meier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Augenzentrum Witikon, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Augenzentrum Witikon, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103181679","display_name":"Christian B\u00f6ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-4303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-4303"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian B\u00f6ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Augenarztpraxis Bremgarten, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Augenarztpraxis Bremgarten, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085397400","display_name":"Daniel Barthelmes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-4991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-4991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["AU","CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Barthelmes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","Ophthalmology, The University of Sydney Save Sight Institute, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-4991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, The University of Sydney Save Sight Institute, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037207157","display_name":"Christina Gerth\u2010Kahlert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-615X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-615X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Gerth-Kahlert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-615X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007591125","display_name":"Jeanne Martine Gunzinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-347X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-347X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099681","display_name":"Kantonsspital Winterthur","ror":"https://ror.org/014gb2s11","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099681"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeanne Gunzinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","Ophthalmology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007591125"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099681","https://openalex.org/I4210100468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86169801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"243","issue":"04","first_page":"408","last_page":"413"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11194","display_name":"Ocular Diseases and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome","score":0.3662000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11826","display_name":"Ocular Infections and Treatments","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-toxoplasmosis","display_name":"ocular toxoplasmosis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-uveitis","display_name":"pediatric uveitis","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posterior-uveitis","display_name":"posterior uveitis","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-acuity-outcomes","display_name":"visual acuity outcomes","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal-involvement","display_name":"foveal involvement","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-infiltration","display_name":"retinal infiltration","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroid-therapy","display_name":"corticosteroid therapy","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-therapy","display_name":"antibiotic therapy","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-and-adolescents","display_name":"children and adolescents","score":0.7089999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8398000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778062946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154878","display_name":"Toxoplasmosis","level":2,"score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30181142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865103","display_name":"Foveal","level":3,"score":0.6812000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778257484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555066","display_name":"Visual acuity","level":2,"score":0.6205000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776194053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280027","display_name":"Uveitis","level":2,"score":0.6114000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778720950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424972","display_name":"Prednisone","level":2,"score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.42559999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173318","display_name":"Pupil","level":2,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778989668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402851","display_name":"Chorioretinitis","level":2,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779736970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865103","display_name":"Fovea centralis","level":4,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776148792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3041498","display_name":"Eye disease","level":2,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779172262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422265","display_name":"Spiramycin","level":4,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780581723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775940","display_name":"Diplopia","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q630552","display_name":"Retinitis","level":4,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780463659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906264","display_name":"Phthisis bulbi","level":3,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206041023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751970","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992234860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Eye care","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011241","descriptor_name":"Prednisone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014126","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014126","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014126","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1055/a-2733-3310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2733-3310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61378919","display_name":"Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde","issn_l":"0023-2165","issn":["0023-2165","0344-6360","1439-3999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42008987","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42008987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965581745","https://openalex.org/W1977051981","https://openalex.org/W1991866410","https://openalex.org/W2001587273","https://openalex.org/W2023922080","https://openalex.org/W2031490445","https://openalex.org/W2051267185","https://openalex.org/W2065090772","https://openalex.org/W2068753700","https://openalex.org/W2082394813","https://openalex.org/W2097659338","https://openalex.org/W2102976549","https://openalex.org/W2118261210","https://openalex.org/W2121058951","https://openalex.org/W2286635688","https://openalex.org/W2315854316","https://openalex.org/W2343162650","https://openalex.org/W2580625752","https://openalex.org/W2801803373","https://openalex.org/W3004645768","https://openalex.org/W3161383867","https://openalex.org/W3173443037","https://openalex.org/W4213154099","https://openalex.org/W4213415275","https://openalex.org/W4239259035","https://openalex.org/W4241582982","https://openalex.org/W4255030232","https://openalex.org/W4286615913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991333337","https://openalex.org/W2051267185","https://openalex.org/W4399394302","https://openalex.org/W3004645768","https://openalex.org/W7217113801","https://openalex.org/W4414240226","https://openalex.org/W4321373119","https://openalex.org/W3128881824","https://openalex.org/W4297902448","https://openalex.org/W2048329939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0,43,112,207],"PURPOSE:":[1],"Toxoplasmosis":[2],"is":[3,24,228],"the":[4,12,93,179,181,215,231,239],"most":[5,182,240],"common":[6],"cause":[7],"of":[8,11,33,115,217,220],"infectious":[9],"uveitis":[10,118],"posterior":[13],"segment.":[14],"Current":[15],"literature":[16],"regarding":[17],"this":[18,27],"parasitic":[19],"ocular":[20,124,223],"infection":[21],"in":[22,39,126,134,188,198,211,218],"children":[23,40,210,219],"sparse.":[25],"In":[26,209],"study,":[28],"we":[29],"focused":[30],"on":[31,61,97,178],"localisation":[32],"retinal":[34],"infiltration":[35],"and":[36,41,139,142,197],"visual":[37,83,233],"outcome":[38,81,91,95,235],"adolescents.":[42],"MATERIAL":[44],"AND":[45],"METHODS:":[46],"Single-centre,":[47],"retrospective":[48],"study":[49],"from":[50,154],"2012":[51],"to":[52,162,164,172,192,202],"2021.":[53],"Patients":[54],"were":[55,120,146],"divided":[56],"into":[57],"three":[58],"subgroups":[59],"depending":[60,96],"foveal":[62,66,98,226],"involvement:":[63],"(1)":[64],"direct":[65],"infiltrate,":[67,71],"(2)":[68],"with":[69,73,122,230,238],"extrafoveal":[70],"either":[72],"or":[74],"(3)":[75],"without":[76],"fovea-involving":[77],"inflammation.":[78],"The":[79,89],"primary":[80],"was":[82,92,107,132,186],"acuity":[84,234],"(VA)":[85],"improvement":[86,185],"(Snellen,":[87],"decimal).":[88],"secondary":[90],"VA":[94,152,184,213,242],"involvement.":[99],"Wilcoxon":[100],"signed":[101],"rank":[102],"test":[103],"(SPSS":[104],"Statistics":[105],"26)":[106],"used":[108],"for":[109],"statistical":[110],"analysis.":[111],"RESULTS:":[113],"Data":[114,130],"144":[116],"paediatric":[117],"cases":[119],"identified,":[121],"active":[123],"toxoplasmosis":[125],"21":[127],"(14.5%)":[128],"patients.":[129,136],"analysis":[131],"permitted":[133],"20/21":[135],"Oral":[137],"antibiotic":[138],"prednisone":[140],"therapy":[141],"additional":[143],"topical":[144],"steroids":[145],"initiated":[147],"if":[148],"deemed":[149],"necessary.":[150],"Overall,":[151],"improved":[153],"first":[155],"presentation":[156],"(mean":[157,167],"0.5,":[158],"range":[159,169],"hand":[160],"motion":[161],"1.0)":[163],"last":[165],"follow-up":[166],"0.7,":[168],"counting":[170],"fingers":[171],"1.0;":[173],"p":[174,194,204],"=":[175,195,205],"0.001).":[176],"Focusing":[177],"subgroups,":[180],"substantial":[183,241],"reported":[187],"group":[189,199],"1":[190],"(0.042":[191],"0.30;":[193],"0.028)":[196],"2":[200],"(0.62":[201],"0.9;":[203],"0.078).":[206],"CONCLUSION:":[208],"adolescence,":[212],"improves":[214],"symptoms":[216],"fovea":[221],"involving":[222],"toxoplasmosis.":[224],"Direct":[225],"infiltrate":[227],"associated":[229],"lowest":[232],"but":[236],"also":[237],"improvement.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-04-21T00:00:00"}