{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154685129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","title":"An Experiential Learning Framework for Mobile Robot Control Education Using PID-Based Path Tracking","display_name":"An Experiential Learning Framework for Mobile Robot Control Education Using PID-Based Path Tracking","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154685129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","pdf_url":"https://jasae.org/index.php/JASAE/article/download/89/41","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","issn_l":"2985-7252","issn":["2985-7252"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210087516","host_organization_name":"Gunadarma University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087516"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jasae.org/index.php/JASAE/article/download/89/41","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034621135","display_name":"Rifki Muhida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5105-4164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5105-4164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12833781","display_name":"Lampung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wtz9f44","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12833781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020390545","display_name":"Universitas Putra Indonesia \"YPTK\"","ror":"https://ror.org/04pqmjc38","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020390545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135034","display_name":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","ror":"https://ror.org/03ga61755","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rifki Muhida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Bandar Lampung","Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12833781","https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020390545"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045926481","display_name":"Riza Muhida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-1465","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-1465"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12833781","display_name":"Lampung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wtz9f44","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12833781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020390545","display_name":"Universitas Putra Indonesia \"YPTK\"","ror":"https://ror.org/04pqmjc38","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020390545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135034","display_name":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","ror":"https://ror.org/03ga61755","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riza Muhida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Bandar Lampung","Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-1465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12833781","https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020390545"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091553204","display_name":"Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-5442","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-5442"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12833781","display_name":"Lampung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wtz9f44","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12833781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135034","display_name":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","ror":"https://ror.org/03ga61755","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erry Y. T. Adesta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Bandar Lampung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12833781","https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147369176","display_name":"Muhammad Riza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-3894","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-3894"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12833781","display_name":"Lampung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wtz9f44","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12833781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135034","display_name":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","ror":"https://ror.org/03ga61755","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Riza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Bandar Lampung"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-3894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Bandar Lampung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12833781","https://openalex.org/I4210135034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044456034","display_name":"Ari Legowo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8395-9027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8395-9027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119744171","display_name":"Higher Colleges of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qmy9z88","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119744171"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ari Legowo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Colleges of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Colleges of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119744171"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"32","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13827","display_name":"Mechatronics Education and Applications","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13827","display_name":"Mechatronics Education and Applications","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14335","display_name":"Educational Robotics and Engineering","score":0.24580000340938568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11615","display_name":"Control and Dynamics of Mobile Robots","score":0.029200000688433647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot-path-tracking","display_name":"mobile robot path tracking","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-control","display_name":"PID control","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller-tuning","display_name":"PID controller tuning","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-drive-robot","display_name":"differential drive robot","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechatronics-education","display_name":"mechatronics education","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experiential-learning","display_name":"experiential learning","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-based-learning","display_name":"project-based learning","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller-control","display_name":"microcontroller control","score":0.7450000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28704281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180165","display_name":"Mechatronics","level":2,"score":0.6412000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.6383000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117619785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094414","display_name":"Iterative learning control","level":3,"score":0.6035000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.5773000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5558000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5212000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188888258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353390","display_name":"Robot learning","level":4,"score":0.4462999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4345000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145565327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852514","display_name":"Motion control","level":3,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118974865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7300773","display_name":"Real-time Control System","level":3,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188167160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20825837","display_name":"Experiential education","level":3,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161759796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3982902","display_name":"Teleoperation","level":3,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81074085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366872","display_name":"Motion planning","level":3,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","pdf_url":"https://jasae.org/index.php/JASAE/article/download/89/41","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","issn_l":"2985-7252","issn":["2985-7252"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210087516","host_organization_name":"Gunadarma University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087516"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89","pdf_url":"https://jasae.org/index.php/JASAE/article/download/89/41","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387287888","display_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","issn_l":"2985-7252","issn":["2985-7252"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210087516","host_organization_name":"Gunadarma University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087516"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.75},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.428600013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7154685129.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7154685129.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062163504","https://openalex.org/W2067148590","https://openalex.org/W2113468502","https://openalex.org/W2318074057","https://openalex.org/W2742422960","https://openalex.org/W2762375398","https://openalex.org/W2809782364","https://openalex.org/W3090251771","https://openalex.org/W4283740054","https://openalex.org/W4327809373","https://openalex.org/W4391854401","https://openalex.org/W4399428882","https://openalex.org/W4406703452","https://openalex.org/W4406977365","https://openalex.org/W7138459925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067148590","https://openalex.org/W2470839148","https://openalex.org/W937044522","https://openalex.org/W4408277583","https://openalex.org/W2796779619","https://openalex.org/W7166192959","https://openalex.org/W7140328708","https://openalex.org/W2040394073","https://openalex.org/W4283740054","https://openalex.org/W7154999611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"robot":[1,37,61,79],"path":[2,42],"tracking":[3,43,107,126],"is":[4,75],"a":[5,19,40,58,68,95,161],"fundamental":[6],"problem":[7],"in":[8,25,173],"control":[9,38,49,70,152,168],"systems":[10],"and":[11,13,67,85,109,144,163,170],"robotics":[12],"has":[14],"been":[15],"widely":[16],"utilized":[17],"as":[18],"platform":[20],"for":[21,35,166],"integrating":[22,167],"multidisciplinary":[23],"concepts":[24],"mechatronics":[26,174],"education.":[27,175],"This":[28,158],"study":[29],"proposes":[30],"an":[31,136],"experiential":[32,143],"learning":[33,146],"framework":[34,46,141],"mobile":[36,60],"using":[39,94],"PID-based":[41],"approach.":[44],"The":[45,72,117],"integrates":[47],"theoretical":[48],"principles":[50],"with":[51,63],"hands-on":[52],"implementation":[53,172],"through":[54,155],"the":[55,103,139],"development":[56],"of":[57,151],"differential-drive":[59],"equipped":[62],"reflective":[64],"sensor":[65],"arrays":[66],"microcontroller-based":[69],"unit.":[71],"PID":[73,104],"controller":[74,105],"applied":[76],"to":[77,114],"regulate":[78],"motion":[80],"based":[81],"on":[82],"real-time":[83],"feedback,":[84],"its":[86],"parameters":[87],"(Kp,":[88],"Ki,":[89],"Kd)":[90],"are":[91],"tuned":[92],"experimentally":[93],"structured":[96],"trial-and-error":[97],"procedure.":[98],"Experimental":[99],"results":[100],"indicate":[101],"that":[102],"improves":[106],"stability":[108],"reduces":[110],"oscillatory":[111],"behavior":[112,154],"compared":[113],"proportional-only":[115],"control.":[116],"optimal":[118],"parameter":[119],"configuration":[120],"(Kp=0.8,":[121],"Kd=0.32,":[122],"Ki=0.2)":[123],"achieves":[124],"stable":[125],"performance":[127],"across":[128],"different":[129],"trajectory":[130],"conditions,":[131],"including":[132],"curved":[133],"paths.":[134],"From":[135],"educational":[137],"perspective,":[138],"proposed":[140],"supports":[142],"project-based":[145],"by":[147],"enabling":[148],"systematic":[149],"analysis":[150],"system":[153],"iterative":[156],"experimentation.":[157],"work":[159],"provides":[160],"practical":[162],"scalable":[164],"approach":[165],"theory":[169],"robotic":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-04-18T00:00:00"}
