{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154604792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","title":"From challenge to opportunity: survival strategies of Syrian migrant entrepreneurs in T\u00fcrkiye","display_name":"From challenge to opportunity: survival strategies of Syrian migrant entrepreneurs in T\u00fcrkiye","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154604792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171430","display_name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy","issn_l":"1750-6204","issn":["1750-6204","1750-6212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133735794","display_name":"Esraa Alsaeegh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217764696","display_name":"Mardin Artuklu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0396cd675","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217764696"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esraa Alsaeegh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mardin Artuklu University, Artuklu Campus Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, , Mardin,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mardin Artuklu University, Artuklu Campus Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, , Mardin,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217764696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056041484","display_name":"\u0130slam Altun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-4029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-4029"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217764696","display_name":"Mardin Artuklu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0396cd675","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217764696"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0130slam Altun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mardin Artuklu University, Artuklu Campus Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, , Mardin,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mardin Artuklu University, Artuklu Campus Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, , Mardin,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217764696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056041484"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217764696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27413001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12693","display_name":"Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12693","display_name":"Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13063","display_name":"Education and experiences of immigrants and refugees","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forced-migration","display_name":"forced migration","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigrant-entrepreneurship","display_name":"immigrant entrepreneurship","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-survival-strategies","display_name":"business survival strategies","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-resilience","display_name":"entrepreneurial resilience","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-based-view","display_name":"resource-based view","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intangible-resources","display_name":"intangible resources","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-capital","display_name":"social capital","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-barriers","display_name":"language barriers","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-financial-networks","display_name":"informal financial networks","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-adaptation","display_name":"marketing adaptation","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-platforms","display_name":"digital platforms","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-advantage","display_name":"competitive advantage","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaziantep","display_name":"Gaziantep","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5573999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.538100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5374000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779669084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382097","display_name":"Resource-based view","level":3,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64089585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944235","display_name":"Informal sector","level":2,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94617000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639854","display_name":"Qualitative comparative analysis","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93032411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363963","display_name":"Marketing strategy","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780504989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2742037","display_name":"Dynamic capabilities","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123353603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421070","display_name":"Experiential knowledge","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106201281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336119","display_name":"Business operations","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106866004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264259","display_name":"Economic rent","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2025-0281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171430","display_name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy","issn_l":"1750-6204","issn":["1750-6204","1750-6212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038116858","https://openalex.org/W2046455133","https://openalex.org/W2077575594","https://openalex.org/W2082152107","https://openalex.org/W2084828271","https://openalex.org/W2101592653","https://openalex.org/W2127501090","https://openalex.org/W2135066563","https://openalex.org/W2135366029","https://openalex.org/W2151527246","https://openalex.org/W2154888854","https://openalex.org/W2158178950","https://openalex.org/W2161663387","https://openalex.org/W2169667133","https://openalex.org/W2184445974","https://openalex.org/W2193357844","https://openalex.org/W2266639535","https://openalex.org/W2321392236","https://openalex.org/W2351319208","https://openalex.org/W2494058398","https://openalex.org/W2561691440","https://openalex.org/W2802401544","https://openalex.org/W2895357624","https://openalex.org/W2897125001","https://openalex.org/W2907909676","https://openalex.org/W2910462204","https://openalex.org/W2925238805","https://openalex.org/W2971429862","https://openalex.org/W2997273689","https://openalex.org/W3124536214","https://openalex.org/W3130257088","https://openalex.org/W3189954268","https://openalex.org/W3193891803","https://openalex.org/W4214522660","https://openalex.org/W4300089462","https://openalex.org/W4378676138","https://openalex.org/W4378836800","https://openalex.org/W4381059475","https://openalex.org/W4386832812","https://openalex.org/W4388174391","https://openalex.org/W4391832053","https://openalex.org/W4391916098","https://openalex.org/W4399180269","https://openalex.org/W4405841194"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"This":[1,221,250,298],"study":[2,43,62,231,251,299,349],"aims":[3],"to":[4,19,28,45,192,212,232,301],"examine":[5],"the":[6,21,38,42,58,105,202,223,226,230,237,253,264,302,330],"structural":[7],"and":[8,18,23,37,91,94,133,153,177,187,197,269,279,294,313,327],"cultural":[9],"challenges":[10,312],"faced":[11],"by":[12,306,355],"Syrian":[13,77,119,215],"migrant":[14,48,78,120,240,303],"entrepreneurs":[15,49,79,121,191,216,256],"in":[16,33,81,84,160,201,218,319,365],"T\u00fcrkiye":[17],"identify":[20],"survival":[22],"adaptation":[24],"strategies":[25,157,254],"they":[26,140],"use":[27],"achieve":[29],"business":[30],"sustainability.":[31],"Grounded":[32],"resource-based":[34],"theory":[35],"(RBT)":[36],"entrepreneurial":[39],"resilience":[40,102,152,196],"framework,":[41],"seeks":[44],"explain":[46],"how":[47,333],"transform":[50,193],"intangible":[51,142],"resources":[52,143],"into":[53,195],"sustainable":[54,198],"competitive":[55,199,334],"advantages":[56],"under":[57,346],"uncertainty.":[59,347],"Design/methodology/approach":[60],"The":[61,101,207,348],"adopts":[63],"a":[64,97,315,351,359],"qualitative":[65],"research":[66,331],"design":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69,357],"semi-structured,":[70],"in-depth":[71],"interviews":[72],"with":[73,164],"11":[74,214],"purposively":[75],"selected":[76],"operating":[80,217],"different":[82],"sectors":[83],"Gaziantep.":[85],"Data":[86],"were":[87,111],"collected":[88],"between":[89],"June":[90],"October":[92],"2024":[93],"analyzed":[95],"using":[96,178],"thematic":[98],"analysis":[99],"approach.":[100],"framework":[103],"guided":[104],"deductive":[106],"structure,":[107],"while":[108],"emergent":[109],"themes":[110],"identified":[112],"inductively":[113],"from":[114,338,342],"participants\u2019":[115],"lived":[116],"experiences.":[117],"Findings":[118],"face":[122],"language":[123,161,292],"barriers,":[124],"limited":[125,211],"financial":[126,169],"access,":[127],"institutional":[128,328],"complexities,":[129],"weak":[130],"market":[131],"knowledge":[132],"marketing":[134,175],"constraints.":[135],"To":[136],"overcome":[137],"these":[138],"challenges,":[139],"mobilize":[141],"such":[144,261,288],"as":[145,262,289],"multilingual":[146],"skills,":[147],"social":[148,267],"capital,":[149],"cross-cultural":[150],"knowledge,":[151],"experiential":[154],"learning.":[155],"Key":[156],"include":[158],"investing":[159],"acquisition,":[162],"collaborating":[163],"local":[165,277],"actors,":[166],"leveraging":[167],"informal":[168],"networks,":[170],"seeking":[171],"professional":[172],"support,":[173],"adapting":[174],"practices":[176,182],"digital":[179],"platforms.":[180],"These":[181],"reflect":[183],"dynamic":[184],"resource":[185,339,344],"recombination":[186,345],"capability":[188],"development,":[189],"enabling":[190],"constraints":[194],"advantage":[200,335],"Turkish":[203],"market.":[204],"Research":[205],"limitations/implications":[206],"sample":[208],"size":[209],"is":[210],"just":[213],"Gaziantep":[219],"province.":[220],"reduces":[222],"generalisability":[224],"of":[225,239,311],"findings.":[227],"Furthermore,":[228],"limiting":[229],"forcibly":[233],"displaced":[234],"Syrians":[235],"excludes":[236],"experiences":[238],"groups":[241],"who":[242],"have":[243],"migrated":[244],"for":[245,259,285],"economic":[246],"reasons.":[247],"Practical":[248],"implications":[249],"highlights":[252],"immigrant":[255,286],"should":[257],"prioritize":[258],"success,":[260],"learning":[263],"language,":[265],"building":[266],"capital":[268],"financing":[270],"diversity.":[271],"In":[272],"addition,":[273],"it":[274],"recommends":[275],"that":[276],"governments":[278],"state":[280],"institutions":[281],"develop":[282],"support":[283],"mechanisms":[284],"entrepreneurs,":[287],"microcredit,":[290],"mentoring,":[291],"courses":[293],"simplified":[295],"bureaucracy.":[296],"Originality/value":[297],"contributes":[300],"entrepreneurship":[304],"literature":[305],"moving":[307],"beyond":[308],"descriptive":[309],"accounts":[310],"offering":[314],"theory-driven":[316],"explanation":[317],"grounded":[318],"RBT.":[320],"By":[321],"contextualizing":[322],"RBT":[323],"within":[324],"forced":[325],"migration":[326],"volatility,":[329],"demonstrates":[332],"emerges":[336],"not":[337],"abundance":[340],"but":[341],"strategic":[343],"provides":[350],"novel":[352],"empirical":[353],"contribution":[354],"focusing":[356],"Gaziantep,":[358],"strategically":[360],"significant":[361],"yet":[362],"underexplored":[363],"context":[364],"T\u00fcrkiye.":[366]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-04-17T00:00:00"}
