{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7150822959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","title":"Neuroprotective effects of potentized alumina on oxidative stress markers in a rat model of cholinergic dysfunction","display_name":"Neuroprotective effects of potentized alumina on oxidative stress markers in a rat model of cholinergic dysfunction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7150822959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208595","display_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","issn_l":"2320-480X","issn":["2320-480X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104799026","display_name":"Avishkar Zagday","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3934-8170","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3934-8170"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avishkar Zagday","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and HOD, Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Smt. C.M.P. Homeopathic Medical College, Mumbai-400056, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3934-8170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and HOD, Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Smt. C.M.P. Homeopathic Medical College, Mumbai-400056, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133018516","display_name":"Vaishali Vaishampayan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaishali Vaishampayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Department of Organon of Medicine, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli- 415712, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Department of Organon of Medicine, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli- 415712, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046929380","display_name":"Madhuri T. Sathe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madhuri Sathe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and HOD, Department of Pathology, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli-415712, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and HOD, Department of Pathology, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli-415712, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159982147","display_name":"Vishal Magdum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishal Magdum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Hon. R.R Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Sangli- 416416, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Hon. R.R Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Sangli- 416416, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133054911","display_name":"Usha Garje","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usha Garje","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Omar HMC and RC, Ranjani 431207, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Omar HMC and RC, Ranjani 431207, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133034323","display_name":"Vaishali Vichare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaishali Vichare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Dr. G.D.Pol Foundation\u2019s YMT Homeopathic Medical College Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Dr. G.D.Pol Foundation\u2019s YMT Homeopathic Medical College Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133023402","display_name":"Vinod Swami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinod Swami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli-415712, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Dapoli Homeopathic Medical College, Dapoli-415712, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133057911","display_name":"Pradip Joshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradip Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Ashokrao Mane Homeopathic Medical College, Peth,Vadgaon,Kolhapur- 416112, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Ashokrao Mane Homeopathic Medical College, Peth,Vadgaon,Kolhapur- 416112, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133039499","display_name":"Sharyu Jadhavrao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharyu Jadhavrao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate professor, Department of Practice of Medicine, Hon. R.R Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Sangli-416416, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate professor, Department of Practice of Medicine, Hon. R.R Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Sangli-416416, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124100037","display_name":"Vinay Upadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7179-8341","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7179-8341","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8325-6645"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Upadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Founder and Consulting Homeopath, Shweta Clinic, Kalyan, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7179-8341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Founder and Consulting Homeopath, Shweta Clinic, Kalyan, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133008234","display_name":"Tazeen Bidiwal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tazeen Bidiwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Gulabrao Patil Homeopathic Medical College, Miraj-416410, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and HOD Human Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Gulabrao Patil Homeopathic Medical College, Miraj-416410, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.9106,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97543603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"86","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12891","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12891","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.10970000177621841,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10902","display_name":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies","score":0.02280000038444996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alumina","display_name":"alumina","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homeopathy","display_name":"homeopathy","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinergic-dysfunction","display_name":"cholinergic dysfunction","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopolamine-induced-cognitive-impairment","display_name":"scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-peroxidation","display_name":"lipid peroxidation","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malondialdehyde","display_name":"malondialdehyde","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalase","display_name":"catalase","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduced-glutathione","display_name":"reduced glutathione","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-status","display_name":"antioxidant status","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/donepezil","display_name":"donepezil","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-impairment","display_name":"cognitive impairment","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778401633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418661","display_name":"Malondialdehyde","level":3,"score":0.879800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.8445000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780829032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898539","display_name":"Lipid peroxidation","level":3,"score":0.7150999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25498285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368","display_name":"Neuroprotection","level":2,"score":0.6919000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538909803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116907","display_name":"Glutathione","level":3,"score":0.6351000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22885893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862743","display_name":"Cholinergic","level":2,"score":0.6223999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.6144999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5608999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778760513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24773045","display_name":"Glutathione peroxidase","level":4,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3952000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779059548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383701","display_name":"Ach\u00e9","level":4,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31896038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415635","display_name":"Cholinesterase","level":2,"score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775838275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776","display_name":"Superoxide dismutase","level":3,"score":0.3702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778816929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679","display_name":"Acetylcholinesterase","level":3,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776925932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755122","display_name":"Neurodegeneration","level":3,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780904820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415081","display_name":"Donepezil","level":4,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019114686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3089676","display_name":"Rat model","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775910092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623","display_name":"Acetylcholine","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780159080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400536","display_name":"Intraperitoneal injection","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993864831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862743","display_name":"Cholinergic system","level":3,"score":0.25940001010894775}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208595","display_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","issn_l":"2320-480X","issn":["2320-480X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2026.15112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208595","display_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","issn_l":"2320-480X","issn":["2320-480X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Phytopharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223139209","https://openalex.org/W4212868297","https://openalex.org/W4384521436","https://openalex.org/W7131699391","https://openalex.org/W7160983024","https://openalex.org/W7218000926","https://openalex.org/W4205678631","https://openalex.org/W2022800855","https://openalex.org/W7167282673","https://openalex.org/W2042376122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Neurodegeneration":[1],"in":[2,22,68,103,178,265,338,367],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[3],"disease":[4,137],"is":[5],"closely":[6],"linked":[7],"to":[8,227,307,321,349],"excessive":[9],"oxidative":[10,92,174,297,371],"stress,":[11,372],"with":[12,52,300,373],"evidence":[13],"of":[14,64,71,80,84,108,188,206,214,242,295,351,369],"heightened":[15],"lipid":[16,215],"peroxidation":[17],"and":[18,45,88,99,112,152,159,173,197,220,230,269,281,326,334,364,392],"failing":[19],"antioxidant":[20,232,385],"systems":[21],"affected":[23],"brain":[24,198],"regions.":[25],"Alumina,":[26,358],"a":[27,35,62,104,293,339,383],"homoeopathic":[28,82,360],"preparation":[29],"sourced":[30],"from":[31,316],"aluminium":[32],"oxide,":[33],"has":[34],"classical":[36],"Materia":[37],"Medica":[38],"profile":[39],"encompassing":[40],"motor":[41],"sluggishness,":[42],"cognitive":[43,171],"slowing,":[44],"paralytic":[46],"weakness.":[47],"These":[48,380],"features":[49],"overlap":[50],"considerably":[51],"the":[53,78,182],"neurological":[54],"disturbances":[55],"generated":[56],"by":[57,185,246],"cholinergic":[58,109],"blockade,":[59],"making":[60],"it":[61],"candidate":[63],"interest":[65],"for":[66,164,202],"evaluation":[67],"pharmacological":[69],"models":[70],"dementia.":[72,110],"Objective:":[73],"The":[74,342],"present":[75],"study":[76],"evaluated":[77],"impact":[79],"three":[81,304,355],"potencies":[83,305,375],"Alumina":[85,157,301],"(200C,":[86],"1M,":[87],"10M)":[89],"on":[90],"cerebral":[91,296,370],"stress":[93,175],"parameters":[94],"specifically":[95],"malondialdehyde":[96,207],"(MDA),":[97],"catalase,":[98],"reduced":[100,221],"glutathione":[101,222],"(GSH)":[102,223],"scopolamine-based":[105],"rat":[106],"model":[107],"Materials":[111],"Methods:":[113],"Thirty-six":[114],"adults":[115],"male":[116],"Wistar":[117],"rats":[118],"were":[119,161,176,195,200,209,225],"randomly":[120],"allocated":[121],"into":[122],"six":[123],"groups":[124,180],"(n":[125],"=":[126],"6":[127],"per":[128],"group):":[129],"Group":[130,134,139,143,148,153],"I":[131],"(normal":[132],"control),":[133,138],"II":[135],"(scopolamine-induced":[136],"III":[140],"(Donepezil-treated":[141],"standard),":[142],"IV":[144],"(Alumina":[145,150,155],"200":[146],"C),":[147],"V":[149],"1M),":[151],"VI":[154],"10M).":[156],"preparations":[158],"Donepezil":[160,352],"administered":[162],"orally":[163],"14":[165],"consecutive":[166],"days.":[167],"On":[168],"Day":[169],"15,":[170],"impairment":[172],"induced":[177],"all":[179,303,354],"except":[181],"normal":[183],"control":[184],"intraperitoneal":[186],"injection":[187],"scopolamine":[189],"(1":[190],"mg/kg).":[191],"Following":[192],"treatment,":[193],"animals":[194],"sacrificed,":[196],"tissues":[199],"harvested":[201],"biochemical":[203,378],"analysis.":[204],"Levels":[205],"(MDA)":[208],"estimated":[210],"as":[211],"an":[212],"index":[213],"peroxidation,":[216],"while":[217,267],"catalase":[218,268,333],"activity":[219],"levels":[224,256,271,313,336],"assessed":[226],"evaluate":[228],"enzymatic":[229],"non-enzymatic":[231],"status,":[233],"respectively.":[234],"Statistical":[235],"analysis":[236,241],"was":[237],"performed":[238],"using":[239],"one-way":[240],"variance":[243],"(ANOVA)":[244],"followed":[245],"Tukey\u2019s":[247],"post":[248],"hoc":[249],"test.":[250],"Results:":[251],"Scopolamine":[252],"significantly":[253],"increased":[254,337],"MDA":[255,312],"(4.12":[257],"\u00b1":[258,263,275,279,283,287,318,323,328],"0.051":[259,284,288],"ng/mL":[260],"vs.":[261,277,285],"1.25":[262],"0.036":[264],"controls),":[266],"GSH":[270,335],"decreased":[272,314],"markedly":[273],"(28.83":[274],"0.508":[276],"59.17":[278],"0.508,":[280],"3.18":[282],"6.92":[286],"ng/mL,":[289],"respectively),":[290],"collectively":[291],"indicating":[292],"state":[294],"stress.":[298],"Treatment":[299],"at":[302,359],"partially":[306],"substantially":[308],"reversed":[309],"these":[310],"alterations.":[311],"progressively":[315],"3.95":[317],"0.048":[319],"(200C)":[320],"2.92":[322],"0.074":[324],"(1M)":[325],"2.33":[327],"0.089":[329],"(10M).":[330],"In":[331],"contrast,":[332],"potency-dependent":[340],"manner.":[341],"10M":[343],"group":[344],"showed":[345],"results":[346],"most":[347],"comparable":[348],"those":[350],"across":[353],"parameters.":[356],"Conclusion:":[357],"potencies,":[361],"produced":[362],"measurable":[363],"graded":[365],"changes":[366],"markers":[368],"higher":[374],"yielding":[376],"greater":[377],"normalization.":[379],"findings":[381],"suggest":[382],"potential":[384],"neuroprotective":[386],"effect":[387],"that":[388],"warrants":[389],"further":[390],"mechanistic":[391],"clinical":[393],"investigation.":[394]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-04-07T00:00:00"}