{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7150817153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","title":"Applications of soil amendments for enhanced phytostabilization and wheat growth development under combined drought and heavy metal stress","display_name":"Applications of soil amendments for enhanced phytostabilization and wheat growth development under combined drought and heavy metal stress","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7150817153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41942565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-45444-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-45444-x.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113329129","display_name":"Tianzhi Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianzhi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center of Rural Environmental Protection and Green Low-Carbon Development, Mianyang Teachers' College, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Rural Environmental Protection and Green Low-Carbon Development, Mianyang Teachers' College, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121610313","display_name":"Imran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9459-0130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9459-0130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Imran","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Agriculture Aviation Innovation Lab, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. imranagrarian@aup.edu.pk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Agriculture Aviation Innovation Lab, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. imranagrarian@aup.edu.pk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046536305","display_name":"Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-0201","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-0201"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jameel M. Al-Khayri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. jkhayri@kfu.edu.sa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-0201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. jkhayri@kfu.edu.sa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023770233","display_name":"Mustafa Ibrahim Almaghasla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-3318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-3318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa I. Almaghasla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plant Pests and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-3318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Pests and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046536305","https://openalex.org/A5121610313"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585","https://openalex.org/I4626487"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15534987,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-amendment","display_name":"soil amendment","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytostabilization","display_name":"phytostabilization","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-stress","display_name":"drought stress","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metal-stress","display_name":"heavy metal stress","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nano-biochar","display_name":"nanobiochar","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arsenic","display_name":"arsenic","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"lead","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadmium","display_name":"cadmium","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury","display_name":"mercury","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-bioavailability","display_name":"metal bioavailability","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-uptake","display_name":"metal uptake","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth","display_name":"plant growth","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-remediation","display_name":"soil remediation","score":0.7149999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6466000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544657597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091","display_name":"Cadmium","level":2,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.5105999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522964758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586","display_name":"Environmental remediation","level":3,"score":0.5095999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.4860999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502230775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q871","display_name":"Arsenic","level":2,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.42730000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993120057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816336","display_name":"Crop productivity","level":3,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162902727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2842710","display_name":"Soil conditioner","level":3,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65580899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734","display_name":"Soil contamination","level":3,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992468275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12142810","display_name":"Drought stress","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982966219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045481","display_name":"Plant growth","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000091902","descriptor_name":"Drought Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000091902","descriptor_name":"Drought Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000091902","descriptor_name":"Drought Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000091902","descriptor_name":"Drought Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001673","descriptor_name":"Biodegradation, Environmental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012987","descriptor_name":"Soil","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014908","descriptor_name":"Triticum","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019216","descriptor_name":"Metals, Heavy","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055864","descriptor_name":"Droughts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055864","descriptor_name":"Droughts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055864","descriptor_name":"Droughts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055864","descriptor_name":"Droughts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-45444-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41942565","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41942565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d59bc55f4824a6e82bbe2173cdcc14a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4d59bc55f4824a6e82bbe2173cdcc14a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13233997","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41942565/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-45444-x","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-45444-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.958299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"score":0.4390000104904175,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1339635417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JY0479","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4098364404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024NSFSC1988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G729501130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"32001232","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331156","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7150817153.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7150817153.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2923029915","https://openalex.org/W2936660199","https://openalex.org/W2942589668","https://openalex.org/W2979443214","https://openalex.org/W3011020466","https://openalex.org/W3043656576","https://openalex.org/W3087687622","https://openalex.org/W3128458056","https://openalex.org/W3136981708","https://openalex.org/W3162687179","https://openalex.org/W3195842793","https://openalex.org/W4205440799","https://openalex.org/W4213075471","https://openalex.org/W4224237257","https://openalex.org/W4226054735","https://openalex.org/W4297513367","https://openalex.org/W4382877684","https://openalex.org/W4383164104","https://openalex.org/W4389078361","https://openalex.org/W4390619654","https://openalex.org/W4391733628","https://openalex.org/W4393266946","https://openalex.org/W4401659027","https://openalex.org/W4402557295","https://openalex.org/W4402742321","https://openalex.org/W4402968623","https://openalex.org/W4404643093","https://openalex.org/W4404870025","https://openalex.org/W4404877035","https://openalex.org/W4406277654","https://openalex.org/W4406751022","https://openalex.org/W4407402368","https://openalex.org/W4407850712","https://openalex.org/W4408882431","https://openalex.org/W4408914624","https://openalex.org/W4409285605","https://openalex.org/W4411134233","https://openalex.org/W4411232129","https://openalex.org/W4411254182","https://openalex.org/W4411318877","https://openalex.org/W4412684540","https://openalex.org/W4413753508","https://openalex.org/W4413883586","https://openalex.org/W4413977721","https://openalex.org/W4414978521","https://openalex.org/W4415257931","https://openalex.org/W4416808921","https://openalex.org/W7128172024","https://openalex.org/W7130851518"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Heavy":[1],"metal":[2,35,119,195,212],"contamination":[3],"combined":[4],"with":[5,100],"drought":[6,38,101],"stress":[7,102,213],"severely":[8],"limits":[9],"wheat":[10,43,216],"productivity":[11],"and":[12,29,37,73,79,94,116,125,133,145,156,159,176,187,202,214],"undermines":[13],"soil":[14,164],"health.":[15],"This":[16],"study":[17],"aimed":[18],"to":[19],"evaluate":[20],"the":[21,172],"effectiveness":[22],"of":[23],"iron":[24],"modified":[25],"stilbite":[26],"zeolite":[27],"(Fe-SZ)":[28],"nanobiochar":[30],"(Fe-NB)":[31],"in":[32,40,50,128,180],"improving":[33,215],"heavy":[34,211],"mitigation":[36],"tolerance":[39],"a":[41],"subsequent":[42],"crop":[44],"(":[45],"Triticum":[46],"aestivum":[47],"L.)":[48],"grown":[49],"previously":[51],"contaminated":[52],"soil.":[53],"A":[54],"controlled":[55],"pot":[56],"experiment":[57],"was":[58],"conducted":[59],"using":[60],"three":[61,80],"Fe-NB":[62,69,74,137,157,168,203],"application":[63],"rates":[64],"(Fe-NB":[65],"1":[66,85,92],"=":[67,71,76,86,91,97],"0%,":[68],"2":[70,90,98,122,161],"4%,":[72],"3":[75,96,138,169],"8%":[77],"w/w)":[78,140],"Fe-SZ":[81,89,95,121,155,160,201],"particle":[82],"sizes,":[83],"(Fe-SZ":[84],"0.5":[87],"mm,":[88,93],"mm),":[99],"imposed":[103],"30":[104],"days":[105],"after":[106],"planting.":[107],"The":[108],"most":[109],"effective":[110,207],"treatments":[111,193],"significantly":[112],"improved":[113],"plant":[114,129],"growth":[115],"reduced":[117,141,150],"toxic":[118],"uptake.":[120],"decreased":[123],"arsenic":[124],"lead":[126],"concentrations":[127],"tissues":[130],"by":[131,143,151,166],"31.33%":[132],"22%,":[134],"respectively,":[135],"while":[136],"(8%":[139],"them":[142],"51.13%":[144],"34%.":[146],"Cadmium":[147],"levels":[148],"were":[149,178],"approximately":[152],"50%":[153],"across":[154],"treatments,":[158],"further":[162],"lowered":[163],"Hg":[165],"74.5%.":[167],"consistently":[170],"provided":[171],"strongest":[173],"overall":[174],"benefits":[175],"improvements":[177],"reflected":[179],"greater":[181],"shoot":[182],"biomass,":[183],"enhanced":[184],"root":[185],"growth,":[186],"increased":[188,194],"chlorophyll":[189],"content,":[190],"although":[191],"some":[192],"bioavailability.":[196],"These":[197],"findings":[198],"demonstrate":[199],"that":[200],"can":[204],"serve":[205],"as":[206],"amendments":[208],"for":[209],"reducing":[210],"resilience":[217],"under":[218],"water-limited":[219],"conditions.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-04-07T00:00:00"}