{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7150768440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","title":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 : (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629).","display_name":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 : (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629).","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7150768440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179983","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","issn_l":"1687-2371","issn":["1687-2371","2735-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133019291","display_name":"\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0647","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0647","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5133019291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16837034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"95.","first_page":"1","last_page":"67"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.524399995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.524399995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12767","display_name":"Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction","score":0.11159999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.09059999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-officials","display_name":"public officials","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-sovereignty","display_name":"state sovereignty","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-cooperation-in-criminal-matters","display_name":"international cooperation in criminal matters","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-status-of-public-servants","display_name":"legal status of public servants","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-authority","display_name":"state authority","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-law","display_name":"comparative law","score":0.6840000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19869999587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.19499999284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1860000044107437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.16580000519752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.16410000622272491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16120000183582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.15870000422000885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179983","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","issn_l":"1687-2371","issn":["1687-2371","2735-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3408d1a3043f4eb294a47a7c2b0e68ee","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3408d1a3043f4eb294a47a7c2b0e68ee","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629, Vol 16, Iss 95., Pp 1-67 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjle.2026.497161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179983","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","issn_l":"1687-2371","issn":["1687-2371","2735-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6452000141143799}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399173046","https://openalex.org/W7220225464","https://openalex.org/W4390291450","https://openalex.org/W4376116182","https://openalex.org/W4412994171","https://openalex.org/W4404424950","https://openalex.org/W4410417931","https://openalex.org/W7216322901","https://openalex.org/W7221477789","https://openalex.org/W7217333446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644":[0],"\u0623\u062b\u0631":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645":[2],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a":[4],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[5,40],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641":[6,42,68],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645":[7,43,69],"\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649":[8],"\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629":[11],"\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629":[12],"\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b":[13],"\u0641\u064a":[14,30,63],"\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642":[15],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646":[16],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c":[17],"\u0644\u0645\u0627":[18],"\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a":[19],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647":[20],"\u0645\u0646":[21,37,74],"\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[22],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[23],"\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629":[25],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629":[26],"\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646":[28],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a":[29],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c":[32],"\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b":[33],"\u0639\u0646":[34],"\u0645\u0627":[35],"\u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647":[36],"\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a":[38],"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629":[39,94],"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632":[41],"\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644":[45],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a":[46],"\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[48,76,97],"\u0648\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631":[49],"\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f":[50,60],"\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627.":[51],"\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[53,62],"\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a":[54],"\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f":[55],"\u0639\u0645\u0644":[56],"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c":[57],"\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627":[58],"\u0647\u064a":[59],"\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629":[61],"\u0623\u0628\u0647\u0649":[64],"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c":[65],"\u0625\u0630":[66],"\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651":[67],"\u0647\u0648":[70],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[72],"\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633":[73],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627":[75],"\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631":[77],"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c":[78],"\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642":[79],"\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627":[80],"\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627":[81],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[84],"\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644":[85],"\u0623\u064a":[86],"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633":[87],"\u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647":[88],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a":[89],"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b":[90],"\u0640":[91,95],"\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629":[92],"\u063a\u064a\u0631":[93],"\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0628\u0629":[96],"\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T06:06:30.997549","created_date":"2026-04-07T00:00:00"}