{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147586843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","title":"Non-Performing Loans Indicators in Emerging Markets: Evidence from MENA Region","display_name":"Non-Performing Loans Indicators in Emerging Markets: Evidence from MENA Region","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147586843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764647440","display_name":"MONTENEGRIN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","issn_l":"1800-5845","issn":["1800-5845","1800-6698"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Montenegrin Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055351961","display_name":"Iman Samir Youssef","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261678","display_name":"New Giza University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2jc137","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261678"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"IMAN SAMIR YOUSSEF","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, New Giza University , Cairo , Egypt,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, New Giza University , Cairo , Egypt,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032082284","display_name":"Mohamed R. Abonazel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-001X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-001X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MOHAMED R. ABONAZEL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor , Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics , Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research , Cairo University , Giza , Egypt,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor , Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics , Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research , Cairo University , Giza , Egypt,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21685168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14183","display_name":"Banking Sector Performance and Management","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11365","display_name":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-performing-loans","display_name":"non-performing loans","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-profitability","display_name":"bank profitability","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-efficiency","display_name":"operational efficiency","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-size","display_name":"bank size","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-growth","display_name":"credit growth","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mena-banking-sector","display_name":"MENA banking sector","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-markets","display_name":"emerging markets","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/banking-regulation","display_name":"banking regulation","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-stability","display_name":"financial stability","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.36489999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71387314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494128","display_name":"Non-performing loan","level":3,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202353208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1167393","display_name":"Economic indicator","level":2,"score":0.24740000069141388}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764647440","display_name":"MONTENEGRIN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","issn_l":"1800-5845","issn":["1800-5845","1800-6698"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Montenegrin Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73539488401e4314827353cfd03e8a17","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/73539488401e4314827353cfd03e8a17","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Montenegrin Journal of Economics, Vol 22, Iss 2 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2026.22-2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764647440","display_name":"MONTENEGRIN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","issn_l":"1800-5845","issn":["1800-5845","1800-6698"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Montenegrin Journal of Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5082365870475769,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7147586843.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7147586843.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,59,122],"aims":[2],"to":[3,31,125],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,17,27,58,61,99,121,144],"financial":[6],"determinants":[7],"of":[8,11,93,120],"nonperforming":[9,77,117],"loans":[10],"36":[12],"conventional":[13],"banks":[14],"listed":[15],"in":[16,98,132,143,147],"Middle":[18],"East":[19],"and":[20,33,50,73,76,90,134,141],"North":[21],"Africa":[22],"(MENA)":[23],"region.The":[24],"research":[25],"covers":[26],"period":[28],"from":[29],"2013":[30],"2023":[32],"includes":[34],"selected":[35],"countries":[36],"namely,":[37],"Jordan,":[38],"Egypt,":[39],"United":[40],"Arab":[41],"Emirates,":[42],"Qatar,":[43],"Kuwait,":[44],"Bahrain,":[45],"Lebanon,":[46],"Morocco,":[47],"Saudi":[48],"Arabia":[49],"Tunisia.By":[51],"utilizing":[52],"dynamic":[53],"panel":[54],"data":[55,100],"estimation":[56],"techniques,":[57,80],"scrutinized":[60],"relationship":[62],"between":[63],"four":[64],"bank-specific":[65],"determinant":[66],"variables":[67,110],"(Profitability,":[68],"Operating":[69],"Efficiency,":[70],"Bank":[71],"Size,":[72],"Loan":[74],"growth)":[75],"loans.Various":[78],"analytical":[79],"including":[81],"ordinary":[82],"least":[83],"squares":[84],"(OLS),":[85],"fixed":[86],"effects,":[87,89],"random":[88],"generalized":[91],"method":[92],"moments":[94],"(GMM)":[95],"were":[96],"employed":[97],"analysis":[101],"phase.Results":[102],"highlighted":[103],"that":[104,137],"except":[105],"for":[106],"loan":[107],"growth,":[108],"all":[109],"had":[111],"a":[112],"significant":[113],"positive":[114],"impact":[115],"on":[116],"loans.The":[118],"findings":[119],"are":[123],"beneficial":[124],"policy":[126],"makers":[127],"along":[128],"with":[129],"other":[130],"stakeholders":[131],"establishing":[133],"reinforcing":[135],"regulations":[136],"would":[138],"ensure":[139],"stability":[140],"soundness":[142],"banking":[145],"sector":[146],"MENA":[148],"countries.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}