{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7143333954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","title":"Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Smooth Muscle Relaxants and Lycopene in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients","display_name":"Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Smooth Muscle Relaxants and Lycopene in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7143333954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44987850","display_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","issn_l":"0972-1363","issn":["0972-1363","0975-1572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130964840","display_name":"Neha Agarwal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neha Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117440317","display_name":"Sarah Afaque","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Afaque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062550640","display_name":"Vasu Siddhartha Saxena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4663-3113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4663-3113"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasu Siddhartha Saxena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084395206","display_name":"Somi Fatima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somi Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117440317"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"1","first_page":"110","last_page":"114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12198","display_name":"Oral health in cancer treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13761","display_name":"HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-submucous-fibrosis","display_name":"oral submucous fibrosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smooth-muscle-relaxants","display_name":"smooth muscle relaxants","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorzoxazone","display_name":"chlorzoxazone","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lycopene","display_name":"lycopene","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intralesional-triamcinolone-acetonide","display_name":"intralesional triamcinolone","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mouth-opening","display_name":"mouth opening","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burning-sensation","display_name":"burning sensation","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tongue-protrusion","display_name":"tongue protrusion","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/areca-nut-chewing","display_name":"areca nut chewing","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-therapy","display_name":"adjunctive therapy","score":0.8840000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780672762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7099404","display_name":"Oral submucous fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.9914000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9850999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778903070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2211240","display_name":"Triamcinolone acetonide","level":2,"score":0.8555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780022147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208130","display_name":"Lycopene","level":3,"score":0.5867000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779744641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9614","display_name":"Tongue","level":2,"score":0.5713000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776804153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210420","display_name":"Corticosteroid","level":2,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.43389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285166","display_name":"Oral administration","level":2,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142424586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307572","display_name":"Refractory (planetary science)","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777785397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492194","display_name":"Group B","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776251621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4673280","display_name":"Acetonide","level":3,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992053201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2585693","display_name":"Clinical efficacy","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910795874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53811606","display_name":"Burning Sensation","level":2,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779741799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157289","display_name":"Areca","level":3,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780678043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743241","display_name":"Group A","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779409057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776131","display_name":"Oral mucosa","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44987850","display_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","issn_l":"0972-1363","issn":["0972-1363","0975-1572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9815482d61b94cdeb85783dd54313e5a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9815482d61b94cdeb85783dd54313e5a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vol 38, Iss 1, Pp 110-114 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_278_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44987850","display_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","issn_l":"0972-1363","issn":["0972-1363","0975-1572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971918916","https://openalex.org/W2044408308","https://openalex.org/W2046098239","https://openalex.org/W2069974995","https://openalex.org/W2083556140","https://openalex.org/W2085804813","https://openalex.org/W2328266103","https://openalex.org/W2330880655","https://openalex.org/W2338510044","https://openalex.org/W2999139216","https://openalex.org/W3047582380","https://openalex.org/W3210589613","https://openalex.org/W4407039971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3210589613","https://openalex.org/W2183909032","https://openalex.org/W4406084375","https://openalex.org/W2328266103","https://openalex.org/W2433162773","https://openalex.org/W7024381104","https://openalex.org/W7096174301","https://openalex.org/W4415503182","https://openalex.org/W3198259939","https://openalex.org/W2959454471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Oral":[1],"submucous":[2],"fibrosis":[3],"(OSMF)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,128,176],"chronic,":[7],"potentially":[8],"malignant":[9],"disorder":[10],"linked":[11],"to":[12,165,179],"areca":[13],"nut":[14],"chewing,":[15],"characterized":[16],"by":[17],"progressive":[18],"fibrosis,":[19],"restricted":[20],"mouth":[21,132,172],"opening,":[22,91],"and":[23,32,47,81,94,101,116,144,174],"impaired":[24],"oral":[25],"functions.":[26],"Standard":[27],"therapies":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,162],"corticosteroids":[31],"antioxidants":[33],"yield":[34],"variable":[35],"outcomes.":[36],"Objective:":[37],"To":[38],"compare":[39],"the":[40,112,152],"efficacy":[41],"of":[42],"smooth":[43],"muscle":[44,160],"relaxants":[45],"(chlorzoxazone)":[46],"lycopene,":[48,80],"in":[49,57,131,141,146,171],"combination":[50],"with":[51,63,79,88],"intralesional":[52,76,85],"corticosteroids,":[53],"on":[54],"clinical":[55],"outcomes":[56],"OSMF":[58,66,180],"patients.":[59],"Methods:":[60],"Forty":[61],"patients":[62],"clinically":[64],"diagnosed":[65],"were":[67,97,109,149],"randomly":[68],"divided":[69],"into":[70],"two":[71],"groups.":[72],"Group":[73,82,125],"A":[74],"received":[75,84],"triamcinolone":[77,86],"acetonide":[78,87],"B":[83,126],"chlorzoxazone.":[89],"Mouth":[90],"burning":[92,142],"sensation,":[93],"tongue":[95,147],"protrusion":[96,148],"recorded":[98],"at":[99,102],"baseline":[100],"15-day":[103],"intervals":[104],"for":[105],"90":[106],"days.":[107],"Data":[108],"analyzed":[110],"using":[111],"independent":[113],"t":[114],"-test":[115],"Chi-square":[117],"test.":[118],"Results:":[119],"Both":[120],"groups":[121,153],"showed":[122],"significant":[123],"improvements.":[124],"demonstrated":[127],"greater":[129],"increase":[130],"opening":[133,173],"(19.21\u201332.34":[134],"mm,":[135],"P":[136,155],"<":[137],"0.05),":[138],"while":[139],"reductions":[140],"sensation":[143],"improvements":[145],"comparable":[150],"between":[151],"(":[154],">":[156],"0.05).":[157],"Conclusion:":[158],"Smooth":[159],"relaxants,":[161],"an":[163],"adjunct":[164],"corticosteroid":[166],"therapy,":[167],"provide":[168],"superior":[169],"improvement":[170],"represent":[175],"valuable":[177],"addition":[178],"management.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2026-03-31T00:00:00"}