{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71430418","doi":null,"title":"M3: The Three-Mathematical Minds Model for the Identification of Mathematically Gifted Students","display_name":"M3: The Three-Mathematical Minds Model for the Identification of Mathematically Gifted Students","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71430418","mag":"71430418"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/194533","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Electronic Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081593167","display_name":"U\u011fur Sak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-5239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-5239","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-2499"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"U\u011fur Sak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-5239","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081593167"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12522","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Pedagogy","score":0.01730000041425228,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-giftedness","display_name":"mathematical giftedness","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gifted-identification","display_name":"gifted identification","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-validity","display_name":"psychological validity","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-validity","display_name":"convergent validity","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-difficulty","display_name":"item difficulty","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-discrimination","display_name":"item discrimination","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/henri-poincare","display_name":"Henri Poincar\u00e9","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polya","display_name":"Polya","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junior-high-school-students","display_name":"junior high school students","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6531696915626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6255046725273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6159393787384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5255478620529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.4992060661315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4827253520488739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.4433539807796478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32869356870651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31408199667930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.23798421025276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.22426694631576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/194533","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Electronic Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:71430418","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/194533","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99438478","https://openalex.org/W149012937","https://openalex.org/W307045130","https://openalex.org/W1479725230","https://openalex.org/W1483173193","https://openalex.org/W1484625780","https://openalex.org/W1487243350","https://openalex.org/W1492160417","https://openalex.org/W1494780623","https://openalex.org/W1498058114","https://openalex.org/W1533674882","https://openalex.org/W1542047656","https://openalex.org/W1594933916","https://openalex.org/W1597453833","https://openalex.org/W1643901146","https://openalex.org/W1648888400","https://openalex.org/W1697354366","https://openalex.org/W1702768895","https://openalex.org/W1741272976","https://openalex.org/W1910421013","https://openalex.org/W1950644452","https://openalex.org/W1964396601","https://openalex.org/W1971944486","https://openalex.org/W1975837147","https://openalex.org/W1979500875","https://openalex.org/W1981579190","https://openalex.org/W1982708047","https://openalex.org/W1985917675","https://openalex.org/W1995480489","https://openalex.org/W1996437417","https://openalex.org/W1998740812","https://openalex.org/W2002812183","https://openalex.org/W2013498129","https://openalex.org/W2017158042","https://openalex.org/W2019769525","https://openalex.org/W2020660601","https://openalex.org/W2029818037","https://openalex.org/W2039990957","https://openalex.org/W2042122853","https://openalex.org/W2045216899","https://openalex.org/W2051906048","https://openalex.org/W2052917500","https://openalex.org/W2055151026","https://openalex.org/W2056260253","https://openalex.org/W2059409848","https://openalex.org/W2061645838","https://openalex.org/W2061779393","https://openalex.org/W2070476947","https://openalex.org/W2083322150","https://openalex.org/W2087959870","https://openalex.org/W2088963425","https://openalex.org/W2114249383","https://openalex.org/W2114397992","https://openalex.org/W2116218761","https://openalex.org/W2117999054","https://openalex.org/W2133487567","https://openalex.org/W2147583867","https://openalex.org/W2163616148","https://openalex.org/W2249603964","https://openalex.org/W2281798777","https://openalex.org/W2317543039","https://openalex.org/W2323725452","https://openalex.org/W2486197331","https://openalex.org/W2498248655","https://openalex.org/W2550079447","https://openalex.org/W2773728117","https://openalex.org/W2970197090","https://openalex.org/W2990086235","https://openalex.org/W3014313544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035929373","https://openalex.org/W1991260781","https://openalex.org/W7028231053","https://openalex.org/W7127950734","https://openalex.org/W1424296706","https://openalex.org/W2604890243","https://openalex.org/W7100896226","https://openalex.org/W4384913138","https://openalex.org/W7128284277","https://openalex.org/W7097890412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Views":[0],"of":[1,14,23,40,48,60,74,86,120,132,161,172,192,202,212,237,254,259,266,288,292,296,300,336,345],"giftedness":[2,41],"have":[3],"evolved":[4],"from":[5,143,221,281],"unilateral":[6],"notions":[7],"to":[8,18,42,81,105,138,186,223,230,250,283],"multilateral":[9,38],"conceptions.":[10],"The":[11,33,97,134,147,176,290,327],"primary":[12],"purpose":[13,79],"this":[15],"study":[16],"was":[17,80,136],"investigate":[19],"the":[20,24,31,58,68,72,75,83,87,95,125,130,152,173,182,293,297,301,333,338,343],"psychological":[21,84,334],"validity":[22,85,178,335],"three-mathematical":[25],"minds":[26],"model":[27,91],"(M3)":[28],"developed":[29,93,117],"by":[30,64,94],"author.":[32,96],"M3":[34,126,153,183,226,339],"is":[35,99],"based":[36,100,123],"on":[37,101,124],"conceptions":[39],"identify":[43],"mathematically":[44,346],"gifted":[45,322,347],"students.":[46,326,348],"Teachings":[47],"Poincare":[49],"and":[50,110,127,199,209,306,323,340],"Polya":[51],"about":[52,103],"mathematical":[53,121,194,238,243,260],"ability":[54,122,195,205,313],"as":[55,57,158,241],"well":[56],"theory":[59],"successful":[61],"intelligence":[62],"proposed":[63],"Sternberg":[65],"(1997)":[66],"provided":[67],"initial":[69],"framework":[70],"in":[71,268],"development":[73],"M3.":[76],"A":[77],"secondary":[78],"examine":[82],"three-level":[88],"cognitive":[89],"complexity":[90],"(C3)":[92],"C3":[98,128,262,302,341],"studies":[102],"expertise":[104],"differentiate":[106,320],"among":[107,311],"gifted,":[108],"above-average":[109],"average-below-average":[111],"students":[112,142],"at":[113],"three":[114,167,298,312],"levels.The":[115],"author":[116],"a":[118,155,159,286],"test":[119,135],"with":[129,189,285],"collaboration":[131],"mathematicians.":[133],"administered":[137],"291":[139],"middle":[140],"school":[141],"four":[144],"different":[145],"schools.":[146],"reliability":[148],"analysis":[149,165,179,291],"indicated":[150],"that":[151,181,304],"had":[154,184],".72":[156],"coefficient":[157],"consistency":[160],"scores.":[162],"Exploratory":[163],"factor":[164],"yielded":[166],"separate":[168],"components":[169],"explaining":[170],"55%":[171],"total":[174],"variance.":[175],"convergent":[177],"showed":[180],"medium":[185],"high-medium":[187],"correlations":[188,219],"teachers'":[190],"ratings":[191,201],"students'":[193,200],"(r":[196,206,214],"=":[197,207,215,273],".45)":[198],"their":[203,210],"own":[204],".36)":[208],"liking":[211],"mathematics":[213],".35).":[216],"Item-subtest-total":[217],"score":[218],"ranged":[220,280],"low":[222],"high.":[224],"Some":[225],"items":[227,247],"were":[228,248],"found":[229,249],"be":[231,251],"homogenous":[232],"measuring":[233],"only":[234],"one":[235,257],"aspect":[236],"ability,":[239,244],"such":[240],"creative":[242],"whereas":[245],"some":[246],"good":[252],"measures":[253],"more":[255],"than":[256],"facet":[258],"ability.The":[261],"accounted":[263],"for":[264,332,342],"41%":[265],"variance":[267],"item":[269],"difficulty":[270,279],"(R":[271],"square":[272],".408,":[274],"p":[275],"<":[276],".001).":[277],"Item":[278],".02":[282],".93":[284],"mean":[287],".29.":[289],"discrimination":[294],"power":[295],"levels":[299],"revealed":[303],"level-two":[305],"level-three":[307],"problems":[308,317],"differentiated":[309],"significantly":[310],"levels,":[314],"but":[315],"level-one":[316],"did":[318],"not":[319],"between":[321],"above":[324],"average":[325],"findings":[328],"provide":[329],"partial":[330],"evidence":[331],"both":[337],"identification":[344]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}