{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71421625","doi":null,"title":"Fluoridation in South Africa.","display_name":"Fluoridation in South Africa.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71421625","mag":"71421625","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8897752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8897752","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8897752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Community dental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113456543","display_name":"Mohamed Hanif Moola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M H Moola","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Western Cape, Department of Community Dentistry, Mitchells Plain, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Western Cape, Department of Community Dentistry, Mitchells Plain, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113456543"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00855246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13 Suppl 2","issue":null,"first_page":"51","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11969","display_name":"Fluoride Effects and Removal","score":0.801800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11969","display_name":"Fluoride Effects and Removal","score":0.801800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.19509999454021454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11493","display_name":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-fluoridation","display_name":"water fluoridation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorosis","display_name":"fluorosis","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride","display_name":"fluoride","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-policy","display_name":"public health policy","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equitable-distribution-of-resources","display_name":"equitable distribution of resources","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.8510000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779097656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125466","display_name":"Water fluoridation","level":3,"score":0.9397218227386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7813267111778259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521751864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729207","display_name":"Christian ministry","level":2,"score":0.6912480592727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.6500874757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5820410251617432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.5787341594696045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5018126964569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4742932617664337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.42771345376968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.40218183398246765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3257915675640106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780828025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182","display_name":"Fluoride","level":2,"score":0.29217442870140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11365973949432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09781816601753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08605867624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003362","descriptor_name":"Cost-Benefit Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003731","descriptor_name":"Dental Caries","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003731","descriptor_name":"Dental Caries","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003731","descriptor_name":"Dental Caries","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005457","descriptor_name":"Fluoridation","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005457","descriptor_name":"Fluoridation","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005457","descriptor_name":"Fluoridation","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006284","descriptor_name":"Health Plan Implementation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006291","descriptor_name":"Health Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008119","descriptor_name":"Lobbying","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009050","descriptor_name":"Fluorosis, Dental","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009050","descriptor_name":"Fluorosis, Dental","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011639","descriptor_name":"Public Opinion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012935","descriptor_name":"Social Justice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8897752","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8897752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Community dental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:71421625","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8897752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7307999730110168},{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6618000268936157}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2469744844","https://openalex.org/W2400165129","https://openalex.org/W4300875652","https://openalex.org/W6989477668","https://openalex.org/W2403253843","https://openalex.org/W1821821769","https://openalex.org/W64013967","https://openalex.org/W633184687","https://openalex.org/W2028579005","https://openalex.org/W7095662889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40],"issues":[1],"on":[2],"fluoridation,":[3],"fluorosis":[4],"and":[5,25,35,71,88],"fluorides":[6],"in":[7,43,64],"South":[8,44],"Africa":[9,45],"have":[10],"been":[11],"reported":[12],"for":[13,57],"the":[14,53,68,77,83],"last":[15],"50":[16],"years.":[17],"Efforts":[18],"to":[19,30,60,90],"implement":[20,61],"water":[21,62],"fluoridation":[22,63],"between":[23],"1960":[24],"1980":[26],"failed":[27],"partly":[28],"due":[29],"lack":[31],"of":[32,55,76,86],"government":[33],"action":[34],"a":[36,91],"strong":[37],"anti-fluoride":[38],"lobby.":[39],"political":[41],"change":[42],"since":[46],"1994":[47],"has":[48],"given":[49],"new":[50],"support":[51,70],"from":[52],"Ministry":[54],"Health":[56],"enabling":[58],"legislation":[59],"metropolitan":[65],"areas":[66],"where":[67],"technical":[69],"some":[72],"55":[73],"per":[74],"cent":[75],"population":[78],"reside.":[79],"Fluoridation":[80],"also":[81],"addresses":[82],"equitable":[84],"distribution":[85],"resources":[87],"access":[89],"known":[92],"benefit.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}