{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140482602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","title":"Long-term scenarios and energy system impacts of technological carbon dioxide removal deployment in Finland","display_name":"Long-term scenarios and energy system impacts of technological carbon dioxide removal deployment in Finland","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140482602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997610","display_name":"Environmental Research Energy","issn_l":"2753-3751","issn":["2753-3751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research: Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044312406","display_name":"Johanna Markkanen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0406-7993","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0406-7993"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johanna Mehnert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0406-7993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091330647","display_name":"Kati Koponen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4184","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4184"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kati Koponen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Energy and Process Concepts,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Energy and Process Concepts,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073030068","display_name":"Tomi  J. Lindroos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-6750","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-6750","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-4785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tomi Lindroos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-6750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038106417","display_name":"Tiina Koljonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-6417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-6417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tiina Koljonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-6417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085222201","display_name":"Heidi Kirppu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3724"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heidi Kirppu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Transition, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038106417","https://openalex.org/A5044312406","https://openalex.org/A5073030068","https://openalex.org/A5085222201","https://openalex.org/A5091330647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"],"apc_list":{"value":2515,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2515},"apc_paid":{"value":2515,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13024373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"025002","last_page":"025002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10967","display_name":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide-removal","display_name":"carbon dioxide removal","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioenergy-with-carbon-capture-and-storage","display_name":"bioenergy with carbon capture and storage","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar-amendment","display_name":"biochar amendment","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-air-capture","display_name":"direct air capture","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-weathering","display_name":"enhanced weathering","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-system-impacts","display_name":"energy system impacts","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-availability","display_name":"biomass availability","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-neutrality","display_name":"climate neutrality","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finland","display_name":"Finland","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/times-model","display_name":"TIMES model","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16921312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2577671","display_name":"Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage","level":4,"score":0.8511000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7968999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.6941999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778379663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5037942","display_name":"Carbon capture and storage (timeline)","level":3,"score":0.6571000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4812000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47689588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56298528","display_name":"Carbon dioxide removal","level":3,"score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.4471000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22884784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15305550","display_name":"Carbon sequestration","level":3,"score":0.4449000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126172416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774424","display_name":"Carbon neutrality","level":3,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509746633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898653","display_name":"Climate change mitigation","level":3,"score":0.4032000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.3944999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.3411000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781341389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4531977","display_name":"Energy system","level":3,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551020850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25584060","display_name":"Energy development","level":3,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778368411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24662","display_name":"Retrofitting","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.2574999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997610","display_name":"Environmental Research Energy","issn_l":"2753-3751","issn":["2753-3751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research: Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b5c62f2da4a94c00ad554434917503be","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b5c62f2da4a94c00ad554434917503be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research: Energy, Vol 3, Iss 2, p 025002 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2753-3751/ae57b0/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997610","display_name":"Environmental Research Energy","issn_l":"2753-3751","issn":["2753-3751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research: Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2045888064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P5C1I2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140482602.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140482602.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2663452640","https://openalex.org/W2920955267","https://openalex.org/W3091905304","https://openalex.org/W3165405843","https://openalex.org/W4280552700","https://openalex.org/W4290795083","https://openalex.org/W4311140983","https://openalex.org/W4392387417","https://openalex.org/W4394023354","https://openalex.org/W4399291004","https://openalex.org/W4401719592","https://openalex.org/W4404169497","https://openalex.org/W4405074394","https://openalex.org/W4407111607","https://openalex.org/W6890075977","https://openalex.org/W7119489227","https://openalex.org/W7215692247","https://openalex.org/W7216138395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322743793","https://openalex.org/W4393976551","https://openalex.org/W6889405370","https://openalex.org/W4400191087","https://openalex.org/W4281655350","https://openalex.org/W3202084994","https://openalex.org/W4402789222","https://openalex.org/W6889393256","https://openalex.org/W7220932603","https://openalex.org/W3168518811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"analyzed":[3],"energy":[4,54,71,169,225],"system":[5,226],"impacts":[6,216],"of":[7,47,104,119,143,217],"technological":[8],"carbon":[9,29,39],"dioxide":[10],"removal":[11],"(CDR)":[12],"deployment":[13,103,125,201],"in":[14,115,122,156,166,229],"Finland.":[15],"We":[16],"modeled":[17],"long-term":[18],"scenarios":[19,68,77],"up":[20],"to":[21,64,136,208,233],"2050":[22],"for":[23,69,206],"four":[24],"CDR":[25,74,84,92,98,124,138,193,200,218],"technologies:":[26],"bioenergy":[27],"with":[28,88],"capture":[30,40],"and":[31,41,44,86,90,107,131,146,164,238],"storage":[32,42],"(BECCS),":[33],"biochar":[34,132],"soil":[35],"amendment,":[36],"direct":[37],"air":[38],"(DACCS),":[43],"enhanced":[45],"weathering":[46],"mining":[48],"rock":[49],"waste":[50],"(EW).":[51],"An":[52],"integrated":[53],"economic":[55],"model":[56],"compiled":[57],"using":[58],"the":[59,102,120,123,137,158,167,178,182,224,236],"TIMES-model":[60],"generator":[61],"was":[62,112],"used":[63],"produce":[65],"cost-minimal":[66],"development":[67],"Finland\u2019s":[70],"system,":[72],"including":[73],"technologies.":[75],"Three":[76],"were":[78],"modeled:":[79],"one":[80],"without":[81,196],"a":[82,153],"specific":[83],"target":[85,185,194],"two":[87],"low-":[89],"high":[91],"targets.":[93,139],"The":[94,140,215],"results":[95],"show":[96],"that":[97,181],"targets":[99],"primarily":[100],"affect":[101],"biochar,":[105,163],"BECCS,":[106,162],"DACCS,":[108,128],"whereas":[109],"EW":[110],"potential":[111],"fully":[113],"utilized":[114],"all":[116],"scenarios.":[117],"Most":[118],"growth":[121],"originated":[126],"from":[127],"while":[129],"BECCS":[130],"remained":[133],"relatively":[134],"insensitive":[135],"limited":[141],"availability":[142],"sustainable":[144],"biomass":[145],"its":[147],"allocation":[148],"across":[149],"competing":[150],"sectors":[151],"played":[152],"central":[154],"role":[155],"shaping":[157],"complex":[159],"interactions":[160],"between":[161,235],"DACCS":[165],"Finnish":[168],"system.":[170],"Regarding":[171],"national":[172],"net":[173],"greenhouse":[174],"gas":[175],"(GHG)":[176],"emissions,":[177],"findings":[179],"indicate":[180],"net-zero":[183],"GHG":[184],"is":[186],"more":[187,221],"easily":[188],"achieved":[189],"under":[190],"any":[191],"binding":[192],"than":[195,227],"one.":[197],"However,":[198],"substantial":[199],"would":[202],"still":[203],"be":[204],"required":[205],"Finland":[207],"achieve":[209],"climate":[210],"neutrality":[211],"even":[212],"by":[213],"2050.":[214],"technologies":[219],"extend":[220],"broadly":[222],"throughout":[223],"shown":[228],"earlier":[230],"studies":[231],"due":[232],"interconnections":[234],"energy-consuming":[237],"producing":[239],"sectors.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-03-27T00:00:00"}
