{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140084589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","title":"Beyond Tokens: Concept-Level Training Objectives for LLMs","display_name":"Beyond Tokens: Concept-Level Training Objectives for LLMs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140084589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-short.34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-short.34.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065683656","display_name":"Laya Iyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2130-5199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2130-5199"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laya Iyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123505405","display_name":"Pranav Somani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranav Somani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123485994","display_name":"Alice Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-5886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-5886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087088138","display_name":"Dan Jurafsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-7745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-7745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Jurafsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028154693","display_name":"Chen Shani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4902-616X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4902-616X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Shani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7486,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91675101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"457","last_page":"474"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.10090000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokenization","display_name":"tokenization","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-objectives","display_name":"training objectives","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model-training","display_name":"language model training","score":0.49300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.6316999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.23659999668598175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.23109999299049377}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-short.34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2601.11791","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11791","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2601.11791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.11791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.11791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.11791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-short.34","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-short.34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418011","display_name":"Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140084589.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140084589.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963545917","https://openalex.org/W3157005959","https://openalex.org/W3168867926","https://openalex.org/W4226022040","https://openalex.org/W4388444685","https://openalex.org/W4401306886","https://openalex.org/W6891884219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416034709","https://openalex.org/W4416036082","https://openalex.org/W4402670197","https://openalex.org/W4416034763","https://openalex.org/W7196964226","https://openalex.org/W7166824454","https://openalex.org/W4402670692","https://openalex.org/W7166807563","https://openalex.org/W4412887063","https://openalex.org/W4402667046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Laya":[0],"Iyer,":[1],"Pranav":[2],"Somani,":[3],"Alice":[4],"Guo,":[5],"Dan":[6],"Jurafsky,":[7],"Chen":[8],"Shani.":[9],"Proceedings":[10],"of":[11,15,19],"the":[12,16,20],"19th":[13],"Conference":[14],"European":[17],"Chapter":[18],"Association":[21],"for":[22],"Computational":[23],"Linguistics":[24],"(Volume":[25],"2:":[26],"Short":[27],"Papers).":[28],"2026.":[29]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-03-24T00:00:00"}