{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140032328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","title":"Cardiovascular and Autonomic Phenotypes Reveal Distinct Mechanisms of Sepsis Decompensation via Deep Learning","display_name":"Cardiovascular and Autonomic Phenotypes Reveal Distinct Mechanisms of Sepsis Decompensation via Deep Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140032328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41928797","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13042179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9136766/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9136766/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037399650","display_name":"Tilendra Choudhary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-9046","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-9046"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tilendra Choudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036572916","display_name":"Haoming Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0228-6116","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0228-6116","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-8720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoming Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130318493","display_name":"Ayman Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-2793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-2793"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, 27710, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-2793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, 27710, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049082850","display_name":"Victor M. Moas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-0428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-0428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Moas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-0428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076927036","display_name":"Omer T. Inan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-1794","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-1794"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer Inan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042241327","display_name":"Mihai V. Podgoreanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5539-4674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5539-4674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihai Podgoreanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068658764","display_name":"Vijay Krishnamoorthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1365-4121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1365-4121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Krishnamoorthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046570404","display_name":"Craig S. Jabaley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-3953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-3953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Jabaley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-3953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024445580","display_name":"Craig Coopersmith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-3217","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-3217"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Coopersmith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-3217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053558278","display_name":"Michael R. Pinsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-700X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-700X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Pinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-700X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112219485","display_name":"G. Clermont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-1379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-1379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilles Clermont","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-1379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012511062","display_name":"Rishikesan Kamaleswaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8366-4811","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8366-4811"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishikesan Kamaleswaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis","display_name":"sepsis","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis-phenotypes","display_name":"sepsis phenotypes","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomic-dysfunction","display_name":"autonomic dysfunction","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-phenotype","display_name":"cardiovascular phenotype","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physiological-waveforms","display_name":"physiological waveforms","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocardiography","display_name":"electrocardiogram","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"photoplethysmogram","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-impedance","display_name":"respiratory impedance","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-clustering","display_name":"consensus clustering","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/septic-shock","display_name":"septic shock","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-medicine","display_name":"precision medicine","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit-patients","display_name":"intensive care unit patients","score":0.6610000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.7662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.5595999956130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.5253000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.4214000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.4214000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778721985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183680","display_name":"Decompensation","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117437137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038720","display_name":"Cardiorespiratory fitness","level":2,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294350","display_name":"ALARM","level":2,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777628635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765564","display_name":"Septic shock","level":3,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13852961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021880","display_name":"Heartbeat","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164614171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5204775","display_name":"DECIPHER","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9136766/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13042179","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13042179/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13042179/pdf/nihpp-rs9136766v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Res Sq","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41928797","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41928797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research square","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136766/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9136766/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000892507","display_name":"The Gut as a Target to Improve Outcomes in Sepsis","funder_award_id":"R35GM148217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000918643","display_name":"Sepsis Physiomarkers for Appropriate Risk Knowledge of monitored patients in the ICU (SPARK-ICU)","funder_award_id":"R01GM139967","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140032328.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140032328.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W7118807154"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090569391","https://openalex.org/W3211252851","https://openalex.org/W3047231538","https://openalex.org/W7125239047","https://openalex.org/W3159071081","https://openalex.org/W7162200794","https://openalex.org/W2803983284","https://openalex.org/W6922281448","https://openalex.org/W4389729999","https://openalex.org/W3215835640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Sepsis":[1],"heterogeneity":[2],"reflects":[3],"diverse":[4],"etiologies":[5],"and":[6,48,66,91,99,111,126],"patient-specific":[7],"physiological":[8,30,41],"responses,":[9],"motivating":[10],"phenotype":[11],"identification":[12],"to":[13,39],"enable":[14],"precision":[15,143],"therapeutics.":[16],"However,":[17],"most":[18],"phenotyping":[19,138],"approaches":[20],"rely":[21],"on":[22],"intermittently":[23],"sampled":[24],"clinical":[25],"variables,":[26],"whereas":[27],"continuously":[28],"recorded":[29],"waveforms":[31,50],"remain":[32],"underutilized.":[33],"We":[34],"developed":[35],"a":[36,69,127,140],"deep-learning":[37],"framework":[38,135],"derive":[40],"phenotypes":[42,101],"from":[43],"five-minute":[44],"pre-onset":[45],"electrocardiogram,":[46],"photoplethysmogram":[47],"respiratory-impedance":[49],"in":[51,104,145],"2,174":[52],"ICU":[53],"patients":[54],"meeting":[55],"Sepsis-3":[56],"criteria.":[57],"From":[58],"these":[59],"signals,":[60],"192":[61],"cardiorespiratory":[62],"physiomarkers":[63],"were":[64],"extracted":[65],"embedded":[67],"using":[68],"Feature":[70],"Tokenizer":[71],"Transformer":[72],"encoder,":[73],"which":[74],"outperformed":[75],"alternative":[76],"representation":[77],"methods.":[78],"Consensus":[79],"clustering":[80],"identified":[81],"four":[82],"stable":[83],"sepsis":[84,146],"physio-phenotypes":[85],"(SP-1\u2013SP-4)":[86],"associated":[87],"with":[88,114],"distinct":[89],"autonomic":[90],"peripheral":[92],"vascular":[93],"signatures.":[94],"Despite":[95],"similar":[96],"baseline":[97],"severity":[98],"demographics,":[100],"differed":[102],"significantly":[103],"mortality":[105],"(19\u201329%),":[106],"septic":[107],"shock,":[108],"vasopressor":[109],"use":[110],"mechanical":[112],"ventilation,":[113],"divergent":[115],"28-day":[116],"survival":[117],"trajectories":[118],"(P<0.01).":[119],"Explainable":[120],"AI":[121],"provided":[122],"clinically":[123],"interpretable":[124],"characterizations,":[125],"trained":[128],"classifier":[129],"enabled":[130],"real-time":[131],"bedside":[132],"phenotyping.":[133],"This":[134],"establishes":[136],"waveform-based":[137],"as":[139],"foundation":[141],"for":[142],"medicine":[144],"care.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-03-23T00:00:00"}