{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130951981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","title":"Criminal justice system outcomes of children with child welfare service involvement and special educational needs: analysis of routinely collected data","display_name":"Criminal justice system outcomes of children with child welfare service involvement and special educational needs: analysis of routinely collected data","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130951981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10873304","display_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","issn_l":"0190-7409","issn":["0190-7409","1873-7765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102802222","display_name":"Anna Leyland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-773X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-773X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Leyland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociology and Criminology, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-773X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology and Criminology, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022754155","display_name":"Calum Webb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-2110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-2110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.J.R. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sheffield Methods Institute, School of Education, University of Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-2110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sheffield Methods Institute, School of Education, University of Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008173144","display_name":"Nathan Hughes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-808X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-808X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for International Research on Care, Labour, and Equalities, University of Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for International Research on Care, Labour, and Equalities, University of Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102802222"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09399697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"184","issue":null,"first_page":"108850","last_page":"108850"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11380","display_name":"Child Welfare and Adoption","score":0.7368000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11380","display_name":"Child Welfare and Adoption","score":0.7368000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.1071000024676323,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.06360000371932983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-educational-needs","display_name":"special educational needs","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare-interventions","display_name":"child welfare interventions","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/custodial-sentences","display_name":"custodial sentences","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-disadvantage","display_name":"educational disadvantage","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.8317000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916183","display_name":"Conviction","level":2,"score":0.7825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.7427999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.692799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.5788999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5325000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4690999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993075180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22687850","display_name":"Welfare system","level":3,"score":0.4122999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420643","display_name":"Recidivism","level":2,"score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16920402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205398","display_name":"Social work","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536738050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3249071","display_name":"Social Welfare","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779415726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029430","display_name":"Child protection","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909129154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916183","display_name":"Criminal Conviction","level":3,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780778277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933555","display_name":"Child discipline","level":4,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10873304","display_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","issn_l":"0190-7409","issn":["0190-7409","1873-7765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5760043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5760043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5760043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:238657","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-773X>,","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/238657/1/1-s2.0-S0190740926001039-main.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10873304","display_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","issn_l":"0190-7409","issn":["0190-7409","1873-7765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Children and Youth Services Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5002166726","display_name":"How do differing rates and modes of child welfare service interventions impact upon educational and criminal justice outcomes of vulnerable children?","funder_award_id":"ES/W002345/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318247","display_name":"Office for National Statistics","ror":"https://ror.org/021fhft25"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322003","display_name":"Ministry of Justice","ror":"https://ror.org/05357zt36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965872359","https://openalex.org/W1980772304","https://openalex.org/W2007882848","https://openalex.org/W2011321674","https://openalex.org/W2022632750","https://openalex.org/W2037670841","https://openalex.org/W2058906747","https://openalex.org/W2063972405","https://openalex.org/W2071808384","https://openalex.org/W2072124856","https://openalex.org/W2082763015","https://openalex.org/W2097535939","https://openalex.org/W2117861403","https://openalex.org/W2120575493","https://openalex.org/W2134521713","https://openalex.org/W2135511829","https://openalex.org/W2167325806","https://openalex.org/W2237999641","https://openalex.org/W2294699989","https://openalex.org/W2342316771","https://openalex.org/W2555711336","https://openalex.org/W2575945579","https://openalex.org/W2595060726","https://openalex.org/W2747497750","https://openalex.org/W2802963031","https://openalex.org/W2943869694","https://openalex.org/W2955857865","https://openalex.org/W2999051425","https://openalex.org/W2999701168","https://openalex.org/W3003013276","https://openalex.org/W3016618345","https://openalex.org/W3088758751","https://openalex.org/W3188423898","https://openalex.org/W3196595009","https://openalex.org/W4200483217","https://openalex.org/W4210441707","https://openalex.org/W4249228678","https://openalex.org/W4286685027","https://openalex.org/W4313880112","https://openalex.org/W4360602943","https://openalex.org/W4367837076","https://openalex.org/W4385363736","https://openalex.org/W4386958092","https://openalex.org/W4388660654","https://openalex.org/W4391528354"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Children":[0],"in":[1,29],"youth":[2],"justice":[3,25,43,72],"systems":[4],"are":[5],"disproportionately":[6],"likely":[7],"to":[8],"have":[9],"special":[10],"educational":[11],"needs":[12],"and":[13,37,42,100,109],"prior":[14],"child":[15,54,101],"welfare":[16,55,102],"interventions.":[17],"This":[18],"study":[19],"examined":[20],"the":[21,112],"odds":[22,59,74,106],"of":[23,47,60,75,84,107],"criminal":[24,62],"involvement":[26,103],"among":[27],"children":[28,51,96],"England":[30],"(N":[31],"=":[32,67,89],"1,708,565)":[33],"born":[34],"between":[35],"1995":[36],"1998,":[38],"using":[39],"linked":[40],"education":[41],"records.":[44],"Across":[45],"nine":[46,85],"eleven":[48],"SEN":[49,86,99],"categories,":[50],"with":[52,71,97],"a":[53,61,77,93],"intervention":[56],"had":[57],"higher":[58,81],"caution":[63],"or":[64],"conviction":[65],"(OR":[66,88],"1.59\u20132.58).":[68],"Among":[69],"those":[70],"involvement,":[73],"receiving":[76],"custodial":[78],"sentence":[79],"were":[80],"across":[82],"eight":[83],"categories":[87],"1.25\u20131.71).":[90],"Findings":[91],"indicate":[92],"compound":[94],"disadvantage:":[95],"both":[98],"face":[104],"increased":[105],"criminalisation":[108],"custody,":[110],"underscoring":[111],"need":[113],"for":[114],"integrated":[115],"policy":[116],"responses.":[117],"Funding:":[118],"ESRC":[119],"ADR":[120],"UK":[121],"ES/W002345/1.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-02-23T00:00:00"}