{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130838529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","title":"Enhancing Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network using Swarm Intelligence","display_name":"Enhancing Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network using Swarm Intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130838529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","pdf_url":"https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/download/10669/6488","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173311","display_name":"Informatica","issn_l":"0350-5596","issn":["0350-5596","1854-3871"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314525","host_organization_name":"Slovenian Society Informatika","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314525"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Slovenian Society Informatika"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/download/10669/6488","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050625490","display_name":"Dhuha Kh. Altmemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-0802","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-0802"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhuha Kh. Altmemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Basrah, College of Law, Department of Public Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Basrah, College of Law, Department of Public Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126552047","display_name":"Ali Sameer Al-Abeej","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Sameer Al-Abeej","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126529365","display_name":"Tariq Omran AL-Tuwaynee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tariq Omran AL-Tuwaynee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015579326","display_name":"Jawad Alkenani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3584-7880","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3584-7880"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800580492","display_name":"Shatt Al-Arab University College","ror":"https://ror.org/044gzm859","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800580492"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Alkenani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Shatt Al-Arab University College, Basra, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Shatt Al-Arab University College, Basra, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800580492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2769,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84292029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"7","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"wireless sensor networks","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-efficient-routing","display_name":"energy-efficient routing","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"swarm intelligence","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-head-selection","display_name":"cluster head selection","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"particle swarm optimization","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-lifetime","display_name":"network lifetime","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-delivery-ratio","display_name":"packet delivery ratio","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-varying-topology","display_name":"time-varying topology","score":0.7990000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6618000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.611299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.599399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5670999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5394999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5259000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5156999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.49390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.4925000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.44760000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.44290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.4300999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.423799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87044965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091139","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50558702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535067","display_name":"Geographic routing","level":5,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202385902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229441","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","level":5,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94600068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371621","display_name":"Routing domain","level":5,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7091991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149548","display_name":"Mobile wireless sensor network","level":5,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776955676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371623","display_name":"Hybrid routing","level":5,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","pdf_url":"https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/download/10669/6488","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173311","display_name":"Informatica","issn_l":"0350-5596","issn":["0350-5596","1854-3871"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314525","host_organization_name":"Slovenian Society Informatika","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314525"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Slovenian Society Informatika"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:neshe.ijs.si:article/10669","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.informatica.si/index.php/index/article/view/10669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173311","display_name":"Informatica","issn_l":"0350-5596","issn":["0350-5596","1854-3871"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314525","host_organization_name":"Slovenian Society Informatika","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314525"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Slovenian Society Informatika"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0350-5596","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31449/inf.v50i7.10669","pdf_url":"https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/download/10669/6488","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173311","display_name":"Informatica","issn_l":"0350-5596","issn":["0350-5596","1854-3871"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314525","host_organization_name":"Slovenian Society Informatika","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314525"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Slovenian Society Informatika"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130838529.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130838529.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999184035","https://openalex.org/W4313244884","https://openalex.org/W4318701614","https://openalex.org/W4414164742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7117714904","https://openalex.org/W2985303454","https://openalex.org/W3157558072","https://openalex.org/W4226074705","https://openalex.org/W4388937605","https://openalex.org/W4392234987","https://openalex.org/W3188279965","https://openalex.org/W2487038172","https://openalex.org/W4362501118","https://openalex.org/W4406034694"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"Sensor":[1],"Networks":[2],"(WSNs)":[3],"are":[4],"characterized":[5],"by":[6,32,65],"limited":[7],"energy,":[8],"and":[9,35,70,83,97,129],"energy":[10,81],"efficiency":[11,28],"is":[12,98,112],"one":[13],"of":[14,29,42,121],"thekey":[15],"design":[16],"issues":[17],"for":[18,87,132,136,140],"routing":[19,27,31,122],"protocols.":[20],"This":[21],"research":[22],"aims":[23],"to":[24,93,101,116,126],"enhance":[25],"the":[26,40,43,49,59,78,119],"dragonflyswarm":[30],"optimizing":[33],"route":[34],"cluster":[36],"head":[37],"selection":[38],"through":[39],"integration":[41,134],"latest":[44],"SwarmIntelligence":[45],"(SI)":[46],"algorithm,":[47],"specifically":[48],"Dragonfly":[50],"Algorithm":[51],"(DA).":[52],"The":[53],"proposed":[54],"method":[55],"wassystematically":[56],"compared":[57],"with":[58],"traditional":[60],"Particle":[61],"Swarm":[62],"Optimization":[63],"(PSO)":[64],"measuring":[66],"energyefficiency,":[67],"execution":[68],"time,":[69],"packet":[71],"delivery":[72],"ratio.":[73],"Simulation":[74],"results":[75,108],"showed":[76],"that":[77,110],"DragonflyAlgorithm":[79],"reduces":[80],"consumption":[82],"prolongs":[84],"network":[85,95],"lifetime":[86],"classical":[88],"methods.":[89],"It":[90],"exhibitsstrong":[91],"adaptability":[92],"time-varying":[94],"topologies":[96],"less":[99],"likely":[100],"be":[102],"trapped":[103],"in":[104],"a":[105,113],"local":[106],"optimum.These":[107],"illustrate":[109],"SI":[111],"promising":[114],"technique":[115],"help":[117],"improve":[118],"quality":[120],"protocolsin":[123],"WSN":[124],"applied":[125],"critical":[127],"scenarios":[128],"offer":[130],"possibilities":[131],"future":[133],"with,":[135],"example,machine":[137],"learning":[138],"techniques":[139],"achieving":[141],"higher":[142],"performance.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-02-22T00:00:00"}
