{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130701210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","title":"Evaluating the Influence of EV Charging Patterns on Power Quality Metrics in Modern Electrical Grid","display_name":"Evaluating the Influence of EV Charging Patterns on Power Quality Metrics in Modern Electrical Grid","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130701210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","pdf_url":"https://ijees.org/index.php/ijees/article/download/120/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053866","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","issn_l":"2959-9229","issn":["2959-9229"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ijees.org/index.php/ijees/article/download/120/79","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039177016","display_name":"Tariq .A. Mohamed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299799659","display_name":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wykm490","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tariq A. Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Omer Al-mukhtar University, El Beida, Libya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Omer Al-mukhtar University, El Beida, Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126482735","display_name":"Abdullah A. Buaod","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264338","display_name":"College of Electrical and Electronics Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01mg2ny21","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah A. Buaod","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057571088","display_name":"Haytham Y. Mustafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3059-1379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3059-1379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264338","display_name":"College of Electrical and Electronics Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01mg2ny21","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haytham Y. Mustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085324097","display_name":"Saad M. Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8867-0521","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8867-0521"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264338","display_name":"College of Electrical and Electronics Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01mg2ny21","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saad M. Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Technology, College of Electrical and Electronics Technology-Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264338"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"31","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.012600000016391277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle-charging","display_name":"electric vehicle charging","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-quality","display_name":"power quality","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-networks","display_name":"distribution networks","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ev-penetration","display_name":"EV penetration","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-integration","display_name":"photovoltaic integration","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-management-systems","display_name":"battery management systems","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-profile","display_name":"voltage profile","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-losses","display_name":"power losses","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-stability","display_name":"grid stability","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-energy-resources","display_name":"distributed energy resources","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ieee-33-bus-system","display_name":"IEEE 33-bus system","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-load","display_name":"peak load","score":0.4449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5584999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779665505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780079","display_name":"Power quality","level":3,"score":0.5026000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.4846000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4837000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4546999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986219281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844861","display_name":"Distribution grid","level":3,"score":0.44350001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62066863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283196","display_name":"Distribution management system","level":2,"score":0.42480000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986056383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power flow","level":4,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.35510000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777908891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Load profile","level":3,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780974030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16951926","display_name":"Co-simulation","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178911571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593143","display_name":"Power electronics","level":3,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778774385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4437810","display_name":"Power management","level":3,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195697387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5608561","display_name":"Grid-connected photovoltaic power system","level":5,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181361822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power-flow study","level":4,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40293303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electric power","level":3,"score":0.2766999900341034}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","pdf_url":"https://ijees.org/index.php/ijees/article/download/120/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053866","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","issn_l":"2959-9229","issn":["2959-9229"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65998/ijees.v3i2.120","pdf_url":"https://ijees.org/index.php/ijees/article/download/120/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053866","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","issn_l":"2959-9229","issn":["2959-9229"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130701210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130701210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215890671","https://openalex.org/W4415303218","https://openalex.org/W6893260374","https://openalex.org/W4411337670","https://openalex.org/W7125193123","https://openalex.org/W4411047380","https://openalex.org/W7117668572","https://openalex.org/W4409495752","https://openalex.org/W4404133086","https://openalex.org/W7196927293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"indicates":[2],"a":[3,24,47,148],"comprehensive":[4],"evaluation":[5],"of":[6,9,36,80,89,110,136],"the":[7,40,50,78,87,107,133,160],"impact":[8],"electric":[10],"vehicle":[11],"(EV)":[12],"charging":[13,153],"on":[14,27],"power":[15,65],"quality":[16],"parameters":[17],"within":[18],"contemporary":[19],"electrical":[20],"distribution":[21,44],"networks,":[22],"with":[23,75],"particular":[25],"focus":[26],"transient":[28],"behaviors":[29],"and":[30,64,76,99,112,121,141,150],"system":[31,45,119],"stability":[32],"under":[33],"varying":[34],"levels":[35],"EV":[37,152,164],"penetration.":[38],"Leveraging":[39],"IEEE":[41],"33-bus":[42],"radial":[43],"as":[46],"benchmark":[48],"model,":[49],"study":[51],"employs":[52],"time-domain":[53],"ETAP":[54],"simulations":[55],"to":[56,94],"analyze":[57],"load":[58,97],"flow":[59],"dynamics,":[60],"voltage":[61,116],"profile":[62],"variations,":[63],"loss":[66],"distributions.":[67],"A":[68],"comparative":[69],"investigation":[70],"is":[71,156],"conducted":[72],"between":[73],"scenarios":[74],"without":[77],"integration":[79,109],"photovoltaic":[81],"(PV)":[82],"systems,":[83],"further":[84],"augmented":[85],"by":[86],"implementation":[88],"Battery":[90],"Management":[91],"Systems":[92],"(BMS)":[93],"enable":[95],"dynamic":[96],"control":[98],"grid":[100,123],"support.":[101],"The":[102],"simulation":[103],"results":[104],"reveal":[105],"that":[106],"coordinated":[108],"PV":[111],"BMS":[113],"significantly":[114],"mitigates":[115],"deviations,":[117],"reduces":[118],"losses,":[120],"enhances":[122],"stability,":[124],"particularly":[125],"during":[126],"peak":[127],"demand":[128],"periods.":[129],"These":[130],"findings":[131],"underscore":[132],"pivotal":[134],"role":[135],"distributed":[137],"energy":[138,143],"resources":[139],"(DERs)":[140],"advanced":[142],"management":[144],"strategies":[145],"in":[146,163],"facilitating":[147],"resilient":[149],"sustainable":[151],"infrastructure,":[154],"which":[155],"indispensable":[157],"for":[158],"accommodating":[159],"anticipated":[161],"growth":[162],"adoption.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-02-21T00:00:00"}
