{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130648985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","title":"THERMAL AND SOLUTAL ANALYSIS OF A TERNARY HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW IN A POROUS CHANNEL: A FRACTAL\u2013FRACTIONAL MODEL","display_name":"THERMAL AND SOLUTAL ANALYSIS OF A TERNARY HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW IN A POROUS CHANNEL: A FRACTAL\u2013FRACTIONAL MODEL","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130648985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218348x26400177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204703277","display_name":"Fractals","issn_l":"0218-348X","issn":["0218-348X","1793-6543"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fractals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049517618","display_name":"Saqib Murtaza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-5053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-5053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51569856","display_name":"Sultan Zainal Abidin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bnk2e50","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SAQIB MURTAZA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence for Sustainability, and Islamic Research Center (AIRIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gongbadak, Terengganu 21300, Malaysia","Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Campus Besut, Terengganu 22200, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-5053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence for Sustainability, and Islamic Research Center (AIRIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gongbadak, Terengganu 21300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Campus Besut, Terengganu 22200, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073960613","display_name":"Aceng Sambas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1623-0770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1623-0770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51569856","display_name":"Sultan Zainal Abidin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bnk2e50","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ACENG SAMBAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence for Sustainability, and Islamic Research Center (AIRIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gongbadak, Terengganu 21300, Malaysia","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya, Tamansari Gobras, Tasikmalaya 46196, Indonesia","Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Campus Besut, Terengganu 22200, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1623-0770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence for Sustainability, and Islamic Research Center (AIRIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gongbadak, Terengganu 21300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya, Tamansari Gobras, Tasikmalaya 46196, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Campus Besut, Terengganu 22200, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51569856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072232030","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27570832","display_name":"Jadara University","ror":"https://ror.org/001drnv35","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["JO","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MUHAMMAD NAWAZ KHAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Malaysia","Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073573260","display_name":"Marcel Mikeska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1846-2943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1846-2943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MARCEL MIKESKA","raw_affiliation_strings":["VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, ENET Centre, CEET, 17. listopadu 15/2127, 70800, Ostrava Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, ENET Centre, CEET, 17. listopadu 15/2127, 70800, Ostrava Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104422268","display_name":"Jan Najser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0614-9645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0614-9645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JAN NAJSER","raw_affiliation_strings":["VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, ENET Centre, CEET, 17. listopadu 15/2127, 70800, Ostrava Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, ENET Centre, CEET, 17. listopadu 15/2127, 70800, Ostrava Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125982508","display_name":"Syed M. Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-4776","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-4776"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151290","display_name":"Islamic University of Madinah","ror":"https://ror.org/03rcp1y74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SYED M. HUSSAIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-4776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059880846","display_name":"Bahram Jalili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4185","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1806-0744","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1742-4378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BAHRAM JALILI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102736279","display_name":"Waleed Mohammed Abdelfattah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-5396","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-5396"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192398990","display_name":"Zagazig University","ror":"https://ror.org/053g6we49","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165529","display_name":"University of Business and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tcr1n44","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165529"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WALEED MOHAMMED ABDELFATTAH","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah 23435, Saudi Arabia","Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44519, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah 23435, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44519, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114376646","display_name":"Hijaz Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-5407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-5407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092610","display_name":"VIZJA University","ror":"https://ror.org/00523a319","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092610"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151290","display_name":"Islamic University of Madinah","ror":"https://ror.org/03rcp1y74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69050122","display_name":"Near East University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x8svs93","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69050122"]}],"countries":["CY","KR","PL","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HIJAZ AHMAD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea","Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia","Irfan Suat Gunsel Operational Research Institute, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia/TRNC Mersin 10, Turkey","VIZJA University, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-5407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Irfan Suat Gunsel Operational Research Institute, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia/TRNC Mersin 10, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69050122"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VIZJA University, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092610"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":9,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84721229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10288","display_name":"Fractional Differential Equations Solutions","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12063","display_name":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-hybrid-nanofluid","display_name":"ternary hybrid nanofluid","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-oxide","display_name":"graphene oxide","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerium-oxide-nanoparticles","display_name":"cerium oxide nanoparticles","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hexagonal-boron-nitride","display_name":"hexagonal boron nitride","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porous-channel-flow","display_name":"porous channel flow","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-fractional-derivative","display_name":"fractal-fractional derivative","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetohydrodynamics","display_name":"magnetohydrodynamics","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-radiation","display_name":"thermal radiation","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscous-dissipation","display_name":"viscous dissipation","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joule-heating","display_name":"Joule heating","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupled-heat-and-mass-transfer","display_name":"coupled heat and mass transfer","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsteady-flow","display_name":"unsteady flow","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nusselt-number","display_name":"Nusselt number","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-radial-basis-functions","display_name":"local radial basis functions","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.792900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7512000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130230704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898280","display_name":"Nusselt number","level":4,"score":0.545199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117926987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210009","display_name":"Joule heating","level":2,"score":0.5253000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.49779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.4228000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51038369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909534","display_name":"Mass transfer","level":2,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779301550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217236","display_name":"Working fluid","level":2,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172100665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7465774","display_name":"Thermal conduction","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173356080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14930425","display_name":"Nanofluids in solar collectors","level":4,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29700514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","level":3,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107861326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209233","display_name":"Thermal energy","level":2,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205684552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899769","display_name":"P\u00e9clet number","level":2,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288706","display_name":"Waste heat","level":3,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183287310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142963","display_name":"Thermal energy storage","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105569014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271208","display_name":"Porous medium","level":3,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777777821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111513","display_name":"Heat transfer enhancement","level":4,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92718894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679643","display_name":"Transport phenomena","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42471609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779048","display_name":"Magnetohydrodynamic drive","level":4,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90278072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216320","display_name":"Fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218348x26400177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204703277","display_name":"Fractals","issn_l":"0218-348X","issn":["0218-348X","1793-6543"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fractals","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218348x26400177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x26400177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204703277","display_name":"Fractals","issn_l":"0218-348X","issn":["0218-348X","1793-6543"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fractals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404538370","https://openalex.org/W4387222563","https://openalex.org/W4409783217","https://openalex.org/W4412465636","https://openalex.org/W7165185004","https://openalex.org/W4408373009","https://openalex.org/W7170268832","https://openalex.org/W4293309798","https://openalex.org/W4413353520","https://openalex.org/W7154493112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enhancing":[0],"the":[1,119,123,145,154,162,180,188],"heat":[2,101,182,194,208],"and":[3,17,53,76,107,137,176,183,196,210,220],"mass":[4,184],"transfer":[5,185],"performance":[6],"of":[7,67,156,174],"working":[8,22],"fluids":[9,23],"remains":[10],"a":[11,50,167],"critical":[12],"challenge":[13],"to":[14,28,117,132,149,191],"pursue":[15],"sustainable":[16],"energy-efficient":[18],"technologies.":[19],"Although":[20],"regular":[21],"have":[24],"superior":[25],"thermo-physical":[26],"properties":[27],"pure":[29],"base":[30],"fluids,":[31],"they":[32],"often":[33],"face":[34],"limitations":[35],"that":[36,141],"hinder":[37],"their":[38],"adoption":[39],"in":[40,84,166,217],"multifunctional":[41],"applications.":[42],"To":[43],"overcome":[44],"these":[45],"challenges,":[46],"this":[47],"study":[48],"develops":[49],"novel,":[51],"comprehensive":[52],"physically":[54],"consistent":[55],"mathematical":[56],"model":[57,96],"for":[58,205,215],"an":[59,85],"unsteady,":[60],"electrically":[61],"conducting":[62],"ternary":[63],"hybrid":[64],"nanofluid":[65],"composed":[66],"graphene":[68],"oxide":[69,72],"(GO),":[70],"cerium":[71],"(CeO[Formula:":[73],"see":[74,81,158],"text],":[75],"hexagonal":[77],"boron":[78],"nitride":[79],"([Formula:":[80],"text]-BN)":[82],"suspended":[83],"environmentally":[86],"friendly":[87],"ionic":[88],"liquid":[89],"(Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium":[90],"tetrafluoroborate)":[91],"[EMIM][BF":[92],"4":[93],"].":[94],"The":[95],"integrates":[97],"magnetic":[98],"effects,":[99],"radiation":[100],"transfer,":[102],"viscous":[103],"dissipation,":[104],"Joule":[105],"heating,":[106],"coupled":[108,181],"thermo-diffusion":[109],"effects.":[110],"A":[111],"fractal\u2013fractional":[112],"derivative":[113],"operator":[114],"is":[115,130],"employed":[116],"generalize":[118],"governing":[120],"equations,":[121],"while":[122,153],"local":[124],"radial":[125],"basis":[126],"functions":[127],"(RBF)":[128],"scheme":[129],"used":[131],"solve":[133],"them":[134],"numerically.":[135],"Computational":[136],"graphical":[138],"results":[139],"reveal":[140],"CeO":[142],"2":[143],"suppresses":[144],"fluid":[146],"velocity":[147],"due":[148],"increased":[150],"inertial":[151],"resistance,":[152],"dispersion":[155],"[Formula:":[157],"text]-BN":[159],"significantly":[160],"enhanced":[161],"thermal":[163,211],"profile,":[164],"resulting":[165],"higher":[168,172],"Nusselt":[169],"number.":[170],"Furthermore,":[171],"values":[173],"Dufour":[175],"Soret":[177],"numbers":[178],"enhance":[179],"rates,":[186],"indicating":[187],"model\u2019s":[189],"potential":[190],"design":[192],"advanced":[193],"exchangers":[195,209],"smart":[197],"cooling":[198],"devices.":[199],"These":[200],"findings":[201],"provide":[202],"valuable":[203],"guidelines":[204],"designing":[206],"compact":[207],"energy":[212,219],"storage":[213],"systems":[214],"applications":[216],"renewable":[218],"microelectronics":[221],"cooling.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}
