{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130516588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","title":"The Proximity of PD-1\u2212CD103+ Tissue-Resident CD8+ T Cells to Tumor Cells Is Correlated with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma","display_name":"The Proximity of PD-1\u2212CD103+ Tissue-Resident CD8+ T Cells to Tumor Cells Is Correlated with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130516588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41749934"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18040680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/4/680/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/4/680/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126364188","display_name":"Zhenyu Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126411588","display_name":"Danping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1932-2701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1932-2701"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1932-2701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126424614","display_name":"Jingjing He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008581678","display_name":"Junrui Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junrui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123731402","display_name":"Muyuan He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muyuan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102691913","display_name":"Xiaobao Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126395996","display_name":"Yanan Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056963781","display_name":"Xuefeng Fei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefeng Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100751164","display_name":"Dakang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2415-4920","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2415-4920"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dakang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037160436","display_name":"Mengjie Deng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mengjie Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Health Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037160436","https://openalex.org/A5100751164"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10700234,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"680","last_page":"680"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11364","display_name":"Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies","score":0.8300999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11364","display_name":"Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies","score":0.8300999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.15369999408721924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholangiocarcinoma","display_name":"cholangiocarcinoma","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-resident-memory-t-cells","display_name":"tissue-resident memory T cells","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd8-t-cells","display_name":"CD8+ T cells","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pd-1","display_name":"PD-1","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd103","display_name":"CD103","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-exhaustion","display_name":"T cell exhaustion","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overall-survival","display_name":"overall survival","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-activation","display_name":"T cell activation","score":0.5490000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immunosurveillance","level":3,"score":0.8762999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5548999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.49390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.4864000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.4781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020616263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216998","display_name":"Tumor cells","level":2,"score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51785407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627568","display_name":"Effector","level":2,"score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3831999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781188995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934982","display_name":"Multiplex","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173396325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501275","display_name":"Gene knockdown","level":3,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61238886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5121689","display_name":"Circulating tumor cell","level":4,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019359096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune surveillance","level":3,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778326572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7852668","display_name":"Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes","level":4,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q715347","display_name":"Lymphocyte","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15635432","display_name":"Single-cell analysis","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18040680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/4/680/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41749934","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41749934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12939198","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12939198/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cancers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18040680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/4/680/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1172460584","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82301978","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4748664876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"825B100012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5194419751","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82071811","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6623667166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82471820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7127606536","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82302538","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322999","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330117","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335305","display_name":"School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130516588.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130516588.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1806981800","https://openalex.org/W2168663010","https://openalex.org/W2762638772","https://openalex.org/W2791192045","https://openalex.org/W2793226746","https://openalex.org/W2806036926","https://openalex.org/W2889892812","https://openalex.org/W2908581980","https://openalex.org/W2951641571","https://openalex.org/W2989910356","https://openalex.org/W3033473768","https://openalex.org/W3094376062","https://openalex.org/W3108206405","https://openalex.org/W3112760672","https://openalex.org/W3127367840","https://openalex.org/W3173767537","https://openalex.org/W3184584468","https://openalex.org/W3196420804","https://openalex.org/W3212224656","https://openalex.org/W4210449647","https://openalex.org/W4220788548","https://openalex.org/W4223981668","https://openalex.org/W4283068541","https://openalex.org/W4283331814","https://openalex.org/W4318708213","https://openalex.org/W4381489478","https://openalex.org/W4381805605","https://openalex.org/W4400348655","https://openalex.org/W4402849568","https://openalex.org/W4411676248","https://openalex.org/W4412633194","https://openalex.org/W4413401756","https://openalex.org/W4414428885","https://openalex.org/W4414434194"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Cholangiocarcinoma":[1],"(CCA)":[2],"is":[3],"characterized":[4],"by":[5],"a":[6,156,177],"heterogeneous":[7],"immune":[8],"microenvironment,":[9,214],"where":[10],"the":[11,34,80,92,143,188,201,208,212,217],"prognostic":[12,179],"significance":[13],"of":[14,146,159,167,191,203,211,219],"CD8+":[15,168],"tissue-resident":[16],"memory":[17],"T":[18],"(TRM)":[19],"cell":[20],"activation":[21,35,114,165],"and":[22,37,48,58,69,88,115],"spatial":[23,39,81,93,174,209],"positioning":[24],"remains":[25],"to":[26,42,65,78,150,206],"be":[27],"fully":[28],"elucidated.":[29],"This":[30],"study":[31],"investigated":[32],"how":[33],"phenotypes":[36],"their":[38,173],"distribution":[40],"relative":[41],"tumor":[43,89,133,151,196,213],"cells":[44,106,120,128,138,149,152,170,194,221],"influence":[45],"anti-tumor":[46,184],"immunosurveillance":[47,185],"predict":[49],"clinical":[50,161],"outcomes":[51],"in":[52,109,181],"CCA.":[53,182],"Methods:":[54],"Multiplex":[55],"immunohistochemistry":[56],"(mIHC)":[57],"single-cell":[59],"RNA":[60],"sequencing":[61],"(scRNA-seq)":[62],"were":[63,107],"employed":[64],"characterize":[66],"na\u00efve":[67,192],"(PD-1\u2212CD103+CD8+)":[68],"exhausted":[70],"(PD-1+CD103+CD8+)":[71],"subsets.":[72],"G-cross":[73],"function":[74],"analysis":[75],"was":[76,153],"utilized":[77],"quantify":[79],"proximity":[82,145,210],"between":[83],"these":[84],"specific":[85],"TRM":[86,105,119,127,137,148,169,193],"subsets":[87],"cells,":[90,134],"correlating":[91],"interaction":[94],"with":[95,112,132,172,195],"patient":[96],"overall":[97],"survival.":[98],"Results:":[99],"scRNA-seq":[100],"profiling":[101],"revealed":[102],"that":[103],"PD-1\u2212CD103+CD8+":[104,126,147],"enriched":[108],"genes":[110],"associated":[111],"lymphocyte":[113],"cytotoxicity,":[116],"while":[117],"PD-1+CD103+CD8+":[118,136],"exhibited":[121,129],"an":[122],"exhaustion":[123],"signature.":[124],"Spatially,":[125],"increased":[130],"interactions":[131],"whereas":[135],"showed":[139],"reduced":[140],"engagement.":[141],"Therefore,":[142],"close":[144],"identified":[154],"as":[155],"significant":[157],"predictor":[158],"favorable":[160],"outcomes.":[162],"Conclusions:":[163],"The":[164],"state":[166],"combined":[171],"localization":[175],"constitutes":[176],"critical":[178],"factor":[180],"Effective":[183],"relies":[186],"on":[187],"direct":[189],"engagement":[190],"cells.":[197],"These":[198],"findings":[199],"highlight":[200],"potential":[202],"PD-1-targeted":[204],"immunotherapies":[205],"remodel":[207],"potentially":[215],"promoting":[216],"redistribution":[218],"effector":[220],"into":[222],"tumor-proximal":[223],"regions.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}