{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130516308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","title":"Long-term and thermal stability of PZT electro-optic modulators","display_name":"Long-term and thermal stability of PZT electro-optic modulators","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130516308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41845822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.590932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126427311","display_name":"Chen Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071626157","display_name":"Jungan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7424-5012","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7424-5012"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126417948","display_name":"Shengjie Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjie Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zheng Fang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101588742","display_name":"Young-Ik Sohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-1452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-1452"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Ik Sohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-1452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101371184","display_name":"Hongyun Xia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104472","display_name":"Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/01e4rvb54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104472"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyun Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juhe Electro-Optic (Hangzhou) Tech. Co. Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juhe Electro-Optic (Hangzhou) Tech. Co. Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126402205","display_name":"Bin Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126363764","display_name":"Feng Qiu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104472","display_name":"Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/01e4rvb54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juhe Electro-Optic (Hangzhou) Tech. Co. Ltd","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juhe Electro-Optic (Hangzhou) Tech. Co. Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"fwci":2.7204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85314508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"5","first_page":"8858","last_page":"8858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.9003999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.9003999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.041999999433755875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials","score":0.02710000053048134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pzt-thin-films","display_name":"PZT thin films","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electro-optic-modulator","display_name":"electro-optic modulator","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-stability","display_name":"long-term stability","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stability","display_name":"thermal stability","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-poling","display_name":"electric field poling","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mach-zehnder-interferometer","display_name":"Mach-Zehnder interferometer","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-photonics","display_name":"integrated photonics","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dc-biasing","display_name":"DC biasing","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-temperature-reliability","display_name":"high-temperature reliability","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferroelectric-thin-films","display_name":"ferroelectric thin films","score":0.5}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.9002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781372846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2101191","display_name":"Poling","level":4,"score":0.6362000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781128178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q883484","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","level":4,"score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.520799994468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.49540001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4803999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.4453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59061564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7783071","display_name":"Thermal stability","level":2,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182762160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858318","display_name":"Pyroelectricity","level":4,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193690875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906767","display_name":"Optical modulator","level":4,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131321042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656685","display_name":"Operating temperature","level":2,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22423302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898444","display_name":"Sputtering","level":3,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61427134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847609","display_name":"Sputter deposition","level":4,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777046567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540138","display_name":"Nanoimprint lithography","level":4,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57528182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271842","display_name":"Miniaturization","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57410435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505668","display_name":"Chemical vapor deposition","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51576277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900134","display_name":"Physical vapor deposition","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42067758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102","display_name":"Refractive index","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.590932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41845822","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41845822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics express","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.590932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.590932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7342668771743774,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977014537","https://openalex.org/W1983322159","https://openalex.org/W2007208056","https://openalex.org/W2019883289","https://openalex.org/W2034172120","https://openalex.org/W2038250322","https://openalex.org/W2047131277","https://openalex.org/W2088048745","https://openalex.org/W2096934953","https://openalex.org/W2117567360","https://openalex.org/W2131117563","https://openalex.org/W2143835163","https://openalex.org/W2148434666","https://openalex.org/W2166284155","https://openalex.org/W2194205036","https://openalex.org/W2208980477","https://openalex.org/W2803462617","https://openalex.org/W2883358148","https://openalex.org/W2892135951","https://openalex.org/W2895667827","https://openalex.org/W2900206957","https://openalex.org/W2921828292","https://openalex.org/W2958069725","https://openalex.org/W2984806271","https://openalex.org/W3003967059","https://openalex.org/W3039255102","https://openalex.org/W3118265437","https://openalex.org/W3194152753","https://openalex.org/W3205063861","https://openalex.org/W3209942342","https://openalex.org/W4213141991","https://openalex.org/W4286491353","https://openalex.org/W4291010776","https://openalex.org/W4363650242","https://openalex.org/W4385271393","https://openalex.org/W4389078668","https://openalex.org/W4389742788","https://openalex.org/W4399389048","https://openalex.org/W4399775761","https://openalex.org/W4400261308","https://openalex.org/W4401130860","https://openalex.org/W4403647448","https://openalex.org/W4406170451","https://openalex.org/W4409032870","https://openalex.org/W4409808365","https://openalex.org/W4412426963","https://openalex.org/W7117125742"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{",":[0],"PZT)":[1],"thin-film":[2,178],"electro-optic":[3],"(EO)":[4],"modulators":[5,95,117,135,179],"have":[6,42],"attracted":[7],"sustained":[8],"research":[9],"interest":[10],"over":[11],"the":[12,45,75,80,88,92,132,173],"past":[13],"several":[14],"years,":[15],"owing":[16],"to":[17,73,159,167],"their":[18,121],"large":[19],"EO":[20,81],"coefficients,":[21],"low":[22,51],"optical":[23],"absorption":[24],"loss,":[25],"and":[26,40,54,118,144],"facile":[27],"fabrication":[28],"via":[29],"spin-coating":[30],"or":[31],"sputtering":[32],"techniques.":[33],"Recent":[34],"advances":[35],"in":[36,83],"PZT":[37,84,94,134,177],"modulator":[38],"design":[39],"processing":[41],"further":[43],"enabled":[44],"realization":[46],"of":[47,91,165,176],"high":[48],"operating":[49,125],"bandwidth,":[50],"driving":[52],"voltage,":[53],"ultra-compact":[55],"device":[56],"footprints,":[57],"which":[58],"are":[59],"critical":[60],"for":[61,79,105,162,180],"next-generation":[62],"integrated":[63,183],"photonics":[64],"systems.":[65],"However,":[66],"electric":[67],"poling":[68],"is":[69],"an":[70],"indispensable":[71],"prerequisite":[72],"activate":[74],"dipolar":[76],"ordering":[77],"responsible":[78],"response":[82],"thin":[85],"films.":[86],"Therefore,":[87],"environmental":[89],"stability":[90,138],"poled":[93],"remains":[96],"a":[97,163],"key":[98],"challenge":[99],"that":[100,131],"demands":[101],"urgent":[102],"systematic":[103],"investigation":[104],"practical":[106],"deployment.":[107],"In":[108],"this":[109],"work,":[110],"we":[111],"fabricate":[112],"PZT-based":[113],"Mach-Zehnder":[114],"interferometer":[115],"(MZI)":[116],"comprehensively":[119],"characterize":[120],"reliability":[122],"under":[123,145],"diverse":[124],"conditions.":[126],"Our":[127],"experimental":[128],"results":[129],"demonstrate":[130],"fabricated":[133],"exhibit":[136],"exceptional":[137],"not":[139],"only":[140],"at":[141,152],"room":[142],"temperature":[143],"long-term":[146],"direct-current":[147],"(DC)":[148],"biasing,":[149],"but":[150],"also":[151],"elevated":[153],"temperatures":[154],"ranging":[155],"from":[156],"85":[157],"\u00b0C":[158,161],"120":[160],"duration":[164],"up":[166],"2000":[168],"hours.":[169],"These":[170],"findings":[171],"underscore":[172],"promising":[174],"potential":[175],"robust,":[181],"high-performance":[182],"photonic":[184],"applications.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}
