{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130399137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","title":"A regression analytical model of serum levodopa metabolic profile in Parkinson's disease","display_name":"A regression analytical model of serum levodopa metabolic profile in Parkinson's disease","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130399137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014610720","display_name":"Akiko Chukyo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akiko Chukyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113757303","display_name":"Motoki Fujimaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6766-5145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6766-5145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motoki Fujimaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089433093","display_name":"Naoko Kaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-7518","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-7518"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoko Kaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079407236","display_name":"Hikari Taka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hikari Taka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160491531","display_name":"Yuanzhe Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanzhe Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160412314","display_name":"Shin-Ichi Ueno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin-Ichi Ueno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049583207","display_name":"Haruka Takeshige\u2010Amano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3326-8559","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3326-8559"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haruka Takeshige-Amano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019216025","display_name":"Manabu Funayama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-3631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-3631"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manabu Funayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160157691","display_name":"Tomohiro Ishimaru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomohiro Ishimaru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112025969","display_name":"Kengo Miyamoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kengo Miyamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056753412","display_name":"Hirofumi Teranishi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirofumi Teranishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069360446","display_name":"Taku Hatano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-0444","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-0444"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taku Hatano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124113658","display_name":"Kei-ichi Ishikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-301X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-301X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kei-Ichi Ishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102946461","display_name":"Yutaka Oji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-0899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9778-0899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutaka Oji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053000890","display_name":"Akio Mori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-2145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-2145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akio Mori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000208115","display_name":"Taiji Tsunemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-0708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-0708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taiji Tsunemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012729869","display_name":"Yuta Ishiguro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuta Ishiguro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058382948","display_name":"Kensuke Daida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-9587","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-9587"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kensuke Daida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033754602","display_name":"\u6d0b\u5b50 \u4eca\u9053","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoko Imamichi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076562163","display_name":"Yukiko Sasazawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-273X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-273X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukiko Sasazawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042537110","display_name":"Tetsushi Kataura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-5232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-5232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tetsushi Kataura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108446282","display_name":"Mitsuhiro Kitagawa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitsuhiro Kitagawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160535320","display_name":"Noriko Nishikawa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noriko Nishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160443430","display_name":"Masaya Imoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaya Imoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160524882","display_name":"Takashi Ueno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Ueno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065624271","display_name":"Osamu Komori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-1812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-1812","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1596-6938"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6030618","display_name":"Seikei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ptaj492","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6030618"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osamu Komori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seikei University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seikei University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6030618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160130564","display_name":"Yoshiki Miura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshiki Miura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088573439","display_name":"Wado Akamatsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4947-1428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4947-1428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wado Akamatsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160521260","display_name":"Nobutaka Hattori","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nobutaka Hattori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106852284","display_name":"Shinji Saiki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34077901","display_name":"Juntendo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01692sz90","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shinji Saiki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juntendo University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juntendo University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106852284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34077901"],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"fwci":3.3692,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87807297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"e44615","last_page":"e44615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11027","display_name":"Metabolism and Genetic Disorders","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1308","display_name":"Clinical Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levodopa","display_name":"levodopa","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homovanillic-acid","display_name":"homovanillic acid","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3-methoxytyramine","display_name":"3-methoxytyramine","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entacapone","display_name":"entacapone","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benserazide","display_name":"benserazide","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbidopa","display_name":"carbidopa","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selegiline","display_name":"selegiline","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine","display_name":"dopamine","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-efficacy-monitoring","display_name":"drug efficacy monitoring","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-biomarkers","display_name":"blood biomarkers","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levodopa-benserazide","display_name":"levodopa/benserazide","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levodopa-carbidopa","display_name":"levodopa/carbidopa","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-models","display_name":"regression models","score":0.40700000524520874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780304432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q300989","display_name":"Levodopa","level":4,"score":0.9815999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776134090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47495783","display_name":"Selegiline","level":4,"score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.5325000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.46889999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.46880000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33664856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271142","display_name":"CYP2D6","level":4,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135870905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903667","display_name":"Metabolome","level":3,"score":0.37619999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89311334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124842","display_name":"Drug metabolism","level":3,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776754145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71133637","display_name":"Carbidopa","level":5,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63433958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774688","display_name":"Clinical pharmacology","level":2,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185361966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94291140","display_name":"Catechol-O-methyl transferase","level":4,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-388258/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-388258/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-388258/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-388258/v1.pdf?c=1631895227000","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:00843:0007477335","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2025378","pdf_url":"https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2025378/files/Heliyon_12(3)_e44615.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp:02025378","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2241/0002025378","pdf_url":"https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2025378/files/Heliyon_12%283%29_e44615.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402076","display_name":"Terrestrial Environment Research Center (University of Tsukuba)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","host_organization_name":"University of Tsukuba","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9a6423eac2444b0081eef0c4dd366be0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9a6423eac2444b0081eef0c4dd366be0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 12, Iss 3, Pp e44615- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e44615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1241324598","display_name":"Development of anti-PD drugs based on neuronal autophagy activation system","funder_award_id":"23K24247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3273042334","display_name":"Identification of Parkinson's disease progression markers based on skeletal muscle-brain axis","funder_award_id":"18H02744","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3754814252","display_name":"Research on PD pathogenesis based on polyamine metabolism using multiomics analysis","funder_award_id":"18KT0027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4716654752","display_name":"Interrogating the autophagy-metabolism-cell death axis in iPSC-based Parkinson's disease models","funder_award_id":"20K22912","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6679950914","display_name":"Identification of Parkinson disease-specific mitochondrial pathogenesis for disease-modifying therapy","funder_award_id":"18KK0242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8146367631","display_name":"Elucidation of the mechanisms of the Parkinson's disease genes and Lewy Body formation and alpha-synuclein propagation mechanisms","funder_award_id":"18H04043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311405","display_name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/004rtk039"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322555","display_name":"Smoking Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04q4hbm31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130399137.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130399137.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13881507","https://openalex.org/W633679467","https://openalex.org/W1971002934","https://openalex.org/W1971882460","https://openalex.org/W1972852346","https://openalex.org/W1975567689","https://openalex.org/W1978253736","https://openalex.org/W1991794216","https://openalex.org/W1999984492","https://openalex.org/W2004395185","https://openalex.org/W2008485195","https://openalex.org/W2020950927","https://openalex.org/W2023122194","https://openalex.org/W2024131851","https://openalex.org/W2049689856","https://openalex.org/W2064330668","https://openalex.org/W2071010820","https://openalex.org/W2089085990","https://openalex.org/W2094017770","https://openalex.org/W2103241622","https://openalex.org/W2109364412","https://openalex.org/W2112455323","https://openalex.org/W2112940088","https://openalex.org/W2125561398","https://openalex.org/W2151993762","https://openalex.org/W2327275823","https://openalex.org/W2333006963","https://openalex.org/W2336042575","https://openalex.org/W2337142316","https://openalex.org/W2340133307","https://openalex.org/W2444420885","https://openalex.org/W2741564780","https://openalex.org/W2753051298","https://openalex.org/W2755585971","https://openalex.org/W2782479110","https://openalex.org/W2948239038","https://openalex.org/W2948899251","https://openalex.org/W2951517287","https://openalex.org/W2971903447","https://openalex.org/W2992942529","https://openalex.org/W2996192757","https://openalex.org/W3010983304","https://openalex.org/W3022746138","https://openalex.org/W3033955876","https://openalex.org/W3097160478","https://openalex.org/W4250598100","https://openalex.org/W4308782102","https://openalex.org/W4399170927","https://openalex.org/W4400157540","https://openalex.org/W4404304451","https://openalex.org/W6642879250","https://openalex.org/W6813386576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3156619404","https://openalex.org/W2798397518","https://openalex.org/W44710314","https://openalex.org/W2136575451","https://openalex.org/W2051262108","https://openalex.org/W7135686467","https://openalex.org/W2063290899","https://openalex.org/W2099319131","https://openalex.org/W7162300078","https://openalex.org/W4378085798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"No":[1],"methods":[2],"to":[3,27,154,162],"assess":[4],"efficacy":[5,212,241],"of":[6,92,106,136,140,207,242],"levodopa-associated":[7,243],"therapy":[8],"by":[9,100,248],"blood":[10],"sampling":[11],"in":[12,36,50,120,127,146,171,177],"Parkinson\u2019s":[13],"disease":[14,163],"(PD)":[15],"have":[16],"been":[17],"established.":[18],"In":[19,62],"this":[20],"study,":[21],"we":[22],"investigated":[23],"levodopa":[24,93,137,150,156,221,236],"associated":[25],"metabolites":[26,97,142],"characterize":[28],"their":[29],"associations":[30],"with":[31,109,184,194],"medication":[32,244],"and":[33,46,86,94,113,122,138,151,201,219,229],"clinical":[34,110],"symptoms":[35],"PD":[37,45,67,128,147,172],"patients.":[38],"Comprehensive":[39],"metabolome":[40],"analysis":[41],"using":[42,198],"plasma":[43],"from":[44],"controls":[47],"was":[48,116,191],"performed":[49],"two":[51],"independent":[52],"cohorts":[53],"(PD:":[54],"109,":[55],"controls:":[56,60],"32;":[57],"PD:":[58],"145,":[59],"45).":[61],"another":[63],"validation":[64],"cohort":[65],"[251":[66],"patients":[68,129,148,173],"(16":[69],"de":[70],"novo,":[71],"17":[72],"receiving":[73,78],"only":[74],"dopamine-receptor":[75],"agonists,":[76],"218":[77],"levodopa/benserazide":[79,131,175],"or":[80,132,157,188,250],"levodopa/carbidopa":[81],"with/without":[82],"other":[83],"parkinsonian":[84],"drugs)":[85],"40":[87],"age-matched":[88],"controls],":[89],"serum":[90],"levels":[91,135,166,222],"its":[95,141,208],"six":[96],"were":[98,125,143,152,167],"examined":[99],"liquid":[101],"chromatography-mass":[102],"spectrometry.":[103],"The":[104,239],"association":[105],"each":[107],"metabolite":[108],"parameters,":[111],"medication,":[112],"enzymic":[114],"genotypes":[115],"investigated.":[117],"Significant":[118],"increases":[119],"3-methoxytyrosine":[121],"homovanillic":[123],"acid":[124],"observed":[126],"administered":[130,149],"levodopa/carbidopa.":[133],"Serum":[134],"five":[139],"significantly":[144],"increased":[145],"related":[153],"the":[155],"entacapone":[158,230],"dose":[159],"but":[160],"not":[161],"severity.":[164],"Levodopa":[165],"more":[168,223],"effectively":[169,224],"preserved":[170,220],"given":[174,179],"than":[176,225],"those":[178],"levodopa/carbidopa,":[180],"especially":[181],"when":[182],"taken":[183],"entacapone.":[185],"Each":[186],"dopamine":[187,249],"3-methoxytyramine":[189,251],"level":[190,237],"efficiently":[192],"expressed":[193],"a":[195,232],"numerical":[196],"model":[197],"levodopa,":[199],"entacapone,":[200],"selegiline":[202],"doses":[203],"as":[204],"variables,":[205],"indicative":[206],"application":[209],"for":[210],"drug":[211,240],"monitoring.":[213],"Benserazide":[214],"(25":[215],"mg)":[216],"blocked":[217],"AADC":[218],"carbidopa":[226],"(10":[227],"mg),":[228],"provided":[231],"concomitant":[233],"effect":[234],"on":[235],"preservation.":[238],"could":[245],"be":[246],"monitored":[247],"levels.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}
